Search results for "Rini"
showing 10 items of 746 documents
The Non-neuronal cholinergic system: an emerging drug target in the airways.
2001
The non-neuronal cholinergic system is widely expressed in human airways. Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and/or acetylcholine are demonstrated in more or less all epithelial surface cells (goblet cells, ciliated cells, basal cells), submucosal glands and airway smooth muscle fibres. Acetylcholine is also demonstrated in the effector cells of the immune system (lymphocytes, macrophages, mast cells). Epithelial, endothelial and immune cells express nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. Thus the cytomolecule acetylcholine can contribute to the regulation of basic cell functions via auto-/paracrine mechanisms (proliferation, differentiation, ciliary activity, secretion of water, ions and mucus,…
Aclidinium inhibits cholinergic and tobacco smoke-induced MUC5AC in human airways.
2010
Mucus hypersecretion and mucin MUC5AC overexpression are pathological features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study examines the inhibitory effect of aclidinium, a new long-acting muscarinic antagonist, on MUC5AC expression in human airway epithelial cells. MUC5AC mRNA (RT-PCR) and protein expression (ELISA and immunohistochemistry) were studied in human bronchial tissue and differentiated human airway epithelial cells activated with carbachol (100 μM) or cigarette smoke extract in the absence or presence of aclidinium. Carbachol increased MUC5AC mRNA and protein expression in human bronchus and cultured epithelial cells. Aclidinium inhibited the carbachol-induced MUC…
Criptococosis sistémica y neumocistosis en un paciente VIH-positivo
1995
La criptococosis es una de las principales infecciones oportunistas que afectan a los enfermos de sida. Las manifestaciones neurologicas constituyen la forma mas frecuente de manifestarse esta infeccion fungica, siendo la afectacion pulmonar mucho menos aparente clinicamente. Se presenta el caso de un paciente atendido en urgencias del hospital, con un cuadro de insuficiencia respiratoria aguda, que evoluciono fatalmente. Los estudios microbiologicos e histopatologicos demostraron la presencia simultanea de Cryptococcus neoformans y de Pneumocystis carinii en pulmon. Se discute esta forma de presentacion de la criptococosis, en ausencia de sintomatologia neurologica, y la trascendencia de l…
Why small particle fixed dose triple therapy? An excursus from COPD pathology to pharmacological treatment evolution
2022
Although bronchodilators are the cornerstone in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) therapy, the treatment with a single-agent bronchodilator may not provide adequate symptoms control in COPD. The combination of drugs with different mechanisms of action may be more effective in inducing bronchodilation and preventing exacerbations, with a lower risk of side-effects in comparison with the increase of the dose of a single molecule. Several studies comparing the triple therapy with the association of long-acting ß2 agonist (LABA)/inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) or long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)/LABA reported improvement of lung function and quality of life. A significant reduc…
Short-term benefit of smoking cessation along with glycopirronium on lung function and respiratory symptoms in mild COPD patients: a retrospective st…
2018
Introduction. Tobacco smoke is the leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Smoking cessation can change the natural history of COPD, as we know from the GOLD guidelines. Little is known about the short-term clinical and functional effects of smoking cessation treatment combined with anti-muscarinic bronchodilators. Objective. To determine whether quitting smoking, obtained by smoking cessation treatment combined with the use of a new long-acting muscarinic antagonist bronchodilator (LAMA), can improve lung function tests and respiratory symptoms more than the use of LAMA alone. Methods. We evaluated, in a retrospective analysis, the functional and clinical data, colle…
P131 Efficacy of tiotropium and olodaterol combination in patients with COPD on β-blockers: Abstract P131 Table 1
2015
Rationale The efficacy and safety of a new once-daily combination with tiotropium (T), a long-acting muscarinic antagonist, and olodaterol (O), a long-acting β2-agonist, was established for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the TONADO studies ([NCT01431274][1]; [NCT01431287][2]). This analysis evaluates the efficacy of the combination in a subpopulation of patients receiving β-blockers in these studies. Methods Two replicate, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, 52-week, Phase III trials assessed the efficacy and safety of T+O (2.5/5 μg; 5/5 μg; via Respimat® inhaler) once daily compared to the monocomponents. Key primary end-point data for the combined a…
P256 Safety Of Once-daily Tiotropium And Olodaterol Fixed-dose Combination Via The Respimat In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease In Two 1-year St…
2014
Introduction The fixed-dose combination (FDC) of tiotropium (T), a once-daily long-acting muscarinic antagonist, and olodaterol (O), a once-daily long-acting β 2 -agonist, is currently being evaluated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Two 52-week, Phase III replicate pivotal studies were conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of FDCs of T and O (T+O) delivered via Respimat® Soft Mist™ inhaler in patients (pts) with GOLD Stage 2–4 COPD. Pooled safety data from the two studies are presented here. Methods These were double-blind, randomised, parallel-group studies with 5 arms: O 5 µg, T 2.5 µg, T 5 µg, T+O 2.5/5 µg, T+O 5/5 µg. Key inclusion criteria were: age ≥40 years, di…
P125 Tiotropium plus olodaterol combination therapy provides lung-function benefits when compared to tiotropium alone, irrespective of prior treatmen…
2015
Rationale Tiotropium plus olodaterol (T+O) is a novel once-daily combination of the long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) tiotropium (T) and the recently approved long-acting β 2 -agonist (LABA) olodaterol, for use as maintenance treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). These post hoc analyses of data from the two pivotal 1-year TONADO studies determined whether treatment with a long-acting bronchodilator (LABD) prior to randomisation affected the lung-function benefits of T+O 5/5 µg (via Respimat®) compared to T 5 µg (via Respimat®). Methods In the studies, 2124 patients had not received prior LABD treatment (T+O n = 426; T n = 454) and 3038 patients had (T+O n = 603, …
P121 Characteristics of COPD patients with and without maintenance treatment at baseline, by GOLD stage: TONADO: Abstract P121 Table 1
2015
Rationale The efficacy and safety of the once-daily combination of tiotropium (T), a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), and olodaterol (O), a long-acting β 2 -agonist (LABA), for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been established. We investigated whether there was a difference in the characteristics of COPD patients with and without baseline maintenance treatment. Methods Two replicate, randomised, 52-week, double-blind, parallel-group, Phase III trials (NCT01431274; NCT01431287; n = 5162) assessed the efficacy and safety of once-daily treatment with T+O (2.5/5 μg; 5/5 μg; Respimat® inhaler) compared to the individual components. Baseline characteristi…
S61 Analysis of the efficacy and safety of the combination of tiotropium + olodaterol in patients with COPD by previous usage of inhaled corticostero…
2015
Rationale Tiotropium (T), a long-acting muscarinic antagonist, and olodaterol (O), a long-acting β 2 -agonist (both administered once daily), have been studied as a once-daily combination. Two Phase III studies have demonstrated that T+O significantly improved lung function and symptoms over T and O monotherapy treatments in patients with moderate to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 1 During these studies, patients were allowed to continue existing treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS); this analysis was conducted to determine the effects of study treatment in patients receiving or not receiving ICS as reported at baseline. Methods A total of 5162 patients we…