Search results for "Risk Analysi"
showing 10 items of 380 documents
Developing and testing a discrete event simulation model to evaluate budget impacts of diabetes prevention programs
2020
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most rapidly increasing non-communicable diseases worldwide. Lifestyle interventions are effective in preventing T2D but also resource intensive. This study evaluated with discrete event simulation (DES) the relative budget impacts of three hypothetical diabetes prevention programs (DPP), including group-based contact intervention, digital program with human coaching and fully automated program. The data for simulation were derived from research literature and national health and population statistics. The model was constructed using the iGrafx Process for Six Sigma software and simulations were carried out for 10 years. All simulated interventions produc…
Application of the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) to the safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients.
2007
The threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) has been used for the safety assessment of packaging migrants and flavouring agents that occur in food. The approach compares the estimated oral intake with a TTC value derived from chronic oral toxicity data for structurally-related compounds. Application of the TTC approach to cosmetic ingredients and impurities requires consideration of whether route-dependent differences in first-pass metabolism could affect the applicability of TTC values derived from oral data to the topical route. The physicochemical characteristics of the chemical and the pattern of cosmetic use would affect the long-term average internal dose that is compared with the re…
Developmental programming of energy balance and its hypothalamic regulation.
2011
Developmental programming is an important physiological process that allows different phenotypes to originate from a single genotype. Through plasticity in early life, the developing organism can adopt a phenotype (within the limits of its genetic background) that is best suited to its expected environment. In humans, together with the relative irreversibility of the phenomenon, the low predictive value of the fetal environment for later conditions in affluent countries makes it a potential contributor to the obesity epidemic of recent decades. Here, we review the current evidence for developmental programming of energy balance. For a proper understanding of the subject, knowledge about ene…
[Insight on how to assess and improve the response to the COVID-19 pandemic].
2022
Resumen: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha afectado de manera particularmente intensa a España, pese a su nivel de desarrollo y la elogiada solidez de su Sistema Nacional de Salud. Para comprender qué ha pasado e identificar cómo mejorar la respuesta creemos imprescindible una evaluación independiente multidisciplinaria de la esfera sanitaria, política y socioeconómica. En este trabajo proponemos objetivos, principios, metodología y dimensiones a evaluar, además de esbozar el tipo de resultados y conclusiones esperadas. Nos inspiramos en los requerimientos formulados por el panel independiente de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y en las experiencias evaluativas en otros países, y detallamos la…
Failure mode and effects analysis of skin electronic brachytherapy using Esteya® unit
2016
Purpose: Esteya® (Nucletron, an Elekta company, Elekta AB, Stockholm, Sweden) is an electronic brachytherapy device used for skin cancer lesion treatment. In order to establish an adequate level of quality of treatment, a risk analysis of the Esteya treatment process has been done, following the methodology proposed by the TG-100 guidelines of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM). Material and methods: A multidisciplinary team familiar with the treatment process was formed. This team developed a process map (PM) outlining the stages, through which a patient passed when subjected to the Esteya treatment. They identified potential failure modes (FM) and each individual FM…
A Review of Healthcare Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (HFMEA) in Radiotherapy
2016
This paper presents a review of risk analyses in radiotherapy (RT) processes carried out by using Healthcare Failure Mode Effect Analysis (HFMEA) methodology, a qualitative method that proactively identifies risks to patients and corrects medical errors before they occur. This literature review was performed to provide an overview of how to approach the development of HFMEA applications in modern RT procedures, comparing recently published research conducted to support proactive programs to identify risks. On the basis of the reviewed literature, the paper suggests HFMEA shortcomings that need to be addressed.
From Stem to Roots: Tissue engineering in Endodontics
2011
The vitality of dentin-pulp complex is fundamental to the life of tooth and is a priority for targeting clinical management strategies. Loss of the tooth, jawbone or both, due to periodontal disease, dental caries, trauma or some genetic disorders, affects not only basic mouth functions but aesthetic appearance and quality of life. One novel approach to restore tooth structure is based on biology: regenerative endodontic procedure by application of tissue engineering. Regenerative endodontics is an exciting new concept that seeks to apply the advances in tissue engineering to the regeneration of the pulp-dentin complex. The basic logic behind this approach is that patient-specific tissue-de…
Carotid ultrasound is useful for the cardiovascular risk stratification in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa.
2018
INTRODUCTION: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous disease which has been associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. Adequate stratification of the CV risk is an issue of major importance in patients with HS. To analyze the usefulness of carotid ultrasound (US) assessment for the CV disease risk stratification compared with a traditional score, the Framingham risk score (FRS), in a series of patients with HS. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 60 patients with HS without history of CV events, diabetes mellitus or chronic kidney disease. Information on CV risk factors was collected and the FRS was calculated. Thus, the patients were…
Location-Awareness for Failure Management in Cellular Networks: An Integrated Approach
2021
Recent years have seen the proliferation of different techniques for outdoor and, especially, indoor positioning. Still being a field in development, localization is expected to be fully pervasive in the next few years. Although the development of such techniques is driven by the commercialization of location-based services (e.g., navigation), its application to support cellular management is considered to be a key approach for improving its resilience and performance. When different approaches have been defined for integrating location information into the failure management activities, they commonly ignore the increase in the dimensionality of the data as well as their integration into th…
The BIM (Building Information Modeling)-Based Approach for Road Pavement Maintenance
2019
The recent developments of road pavement survey technologies guarantee acquisition of detailed data regarding the main functional and structural indicators, at a very high frequency and levels of accuracy and precision unconceivable few years ago. The relevant information, regarding surface distresses too, is thus available in economical, high-speed and high-resolution forms, with limited disturbance on traffic and road agencies issues. However, the availability of such a mass of data poses interesting questions concerning the most efficient processing and analysis methods, for optimizing maintenance operation planning. Unfortunately, the PMS adoption is not very common and widespread, as t…