Search results for "Risk"
showing 10 items of 9963 documents
Analysis of IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17 genetic polymorphisms as risk factors for sepsis development in burned patients.
2012
Abstract Infection risk, sepsis and mortality after severe burn are primarily determined by patient age, burn size, and depth. Whether genetic differences contribute to otherwise unexpected variability in outcomes is unknown. We sought to determine whether there was an association between IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17 polymorphisms with cytokine production and development of sepsis. We evaluated 71 patients with burns ≥15% TBSA and 109 healthy subjects. The genotypes of IL-6 (−174C/G), IL-10 (−819C/T and −1082A/G) and IL-17 (7488T/C) polymorphisms were identified applying polymerase chain reaction protocols. The cytokine levels in serum were determined with enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays. Our…
Etiologic Heterogeneity Among Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes: The InterLymph Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes Project
2014
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the most common hematologic malignancy and the fifth most common type of cancer in more developed regions of the world (1). Numerous NHL subtypes with distinct combinations of morphologic, immunophenotypic, genetic, and clinical features are currently recognized (2,3). The incidence of NHL subtypes varies substantially by age, sex, and race/ethnicity (4–7). However, the etiological implications of this biological, clinical, and epidemiological diversity are incompletely understood. The importance of investigating etiology by NHL subtype is clearly supported by research on immunosuppression, infections, and autoimmune diseases, which are the strongest and most e…
Is the risk of childhood leukaemia associated with socioeconomic measures in Denmark? A nationwide register‐based case‐control study
2021
The aetiology of childhood leukaemia is poorly understood. Knowledge about differences in risk by socioeconomic status (SES) may enhance etiologic insights. We conducted a nationwide register-based case-control study to evaluate socioeconomic differences in the risk of childhood leukaemia in Denmark and to access whether associations varied by different measures of SES, time point of assessment, leukaemia type and age at diagnosis. We identified all cases of leukaemia in children aged 0 to 19 years, born and diagnosed between 1980 and 2013 from the Danish Cancer Registry (N = 1336) and sampled four individually matched controls per case (N = 5330). We used conditional logistic regression mo…
Smoking and Helicobacter pylori infection: an individual participant pooled analysis (Stomach Cancer Pooling- StoP Project)
2019
Smoking has been associated with acquisition and increased persistence of Helicobacter pylori infection, as well as with lower effectiveness of its eradication. A greater prevalence of infection among smokers could contribute to the increased risk for gastric cancer. We aimed to estimate the association between smoking and seropositivity to H. pylori through an individual participant data pooled analysis using controls from 14 case- control studies participating in the Stomach Cancer Pooling Project. Summary odds ratios and prevalence ratios (PRs), adjusted for age, sex and social class, and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated through random-effects meta-analysis…
Virologic, hematologic, and immunologic risk factors for classic Kaposi sarcoma.
2006
BACKGROUND Classic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) is an inflammatory-mediated neoplasm that develops in the presence of KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and immune perturbation. In the current study, the authors compared CKS cases with age-matched and sex-matched KSHV-seropositive controls without human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection and markers of viral control, blood counts, CD4-positive and CD8-positive lymphocytes, and serum β-2-microglobulin and neopterin levels. METHODS Viral loads were detected using real-time amplification of the KSHV-K6 and EBV-pol genes, anti-K8.1 (lytic) titers were detected by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay, and antilatent nuclear antigen (LANA) titers were detec…
Cancer net survival on registry data: use of the new unbiased Pohar-Perme estimator and magnitude of the bias with the classical methods
2013
Net survival, the survival which might occur if cancer was the only cause of death, is a major epidemiological indicator required for international or temporal comparisons. Recent findings have shown that all classical methods used for routine estimation of net survival from cancer-registry data, sometimes called "relative-survival methods," provide biased estimates. Meanwhile, an unbiased estimator, the Pohar-Perme estimator (PPE), was recently proposed. Using real data, we investigated the magnitude of the errors made by four "relative-survival" methods (Ederer I, Hakulinen, Ederer II and a univariable regression model) vs. PPE as reference and examined the influence of time of follow-up,…
HPV infection in relation to OSCC histological grading and TNM stage. Evalutation by traditional statistics and fuzzy logic model
2006
We aimed to evaluate if in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) there is a relationship between histological grading (HG), TNM clinical stage and HPV infection; and to study the performance of fuzzy logic compared to traditional statistics, in the analysis of HPV status and correlates of OSCC. In cross-sectional analysis, the study group comprised 63 patients (mean age 68.89 years (SD ± 11.78), range (32–93); males 28 (44.4%), females 35 (55.6%)) with OSCC histologically diagnosed. HPV-DNA was studied in exfoliated oral epithelial cells by nested PCR (MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+ primers). Data were analysed in parallel by traditional statistics with multivariate analysis and a fuzzy logic (FL) t…
Genome-Wide Association Studies of the PR Interval in African Americans.
2011
The PR interval on the electrocardiogram reflects atrial and atrioventricular nodal conduction time. The PR interval is heritable, provides important information about arrhythmia risk, and has been suggested to differ among human races. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified common genetic determinants of the PR interval in individuals of European and Asian ancestry, but there is a general paucity of GWA studies in individuals of African ancestry. We performed GWA studies in African American individuals from four cohorts (n = 6,247) to identify genetic variants associated with PR interval duration. Genotyping was performed using the Affymetrix 6.0 microarray. Imputation was p…
Increased expression of transketolase-like-1 in papillary thyroid carcinomas smaller than 1.5 cm in diameter is associated with lymph-node metastases.
2008
BACKGROUND. Patients with small papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) may have a high incidence of regional lymph-node (LN) metastases at presentation, and these are considered to be an independent risk factor for tumor recurrence. A mutated transketolase transcript (TKTL1) has been found up-regulated in different human malignancies, and strong TKTL1 protein expression has been associated with aggressiveness and poor patient survival in several epithelial cancers. METHODS. TKTL1 protein expression was analyzed in 256 consecutive cases of PTCs ≤1.5 cm by immunohistochemistry with a specific anti-TKTL1 antibody. RNA analysis was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in all cases …
Environmental risk factors for sporadic acoustic neuroma (Interphone Study Group, Germany)
2007
The only known risk factor for sporadic acoustic neuroma is high-dose ionising radiation. Environmental exposures, such as radiofrequency electromagnetic fields and noise are under discussion, as well as an association with allergic diseases. We performed a population-based case-control study in Germany investigating these risk factors in 97 cases with acoustic neuroma, aged 30 to 69 years, and in 194 matched controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in multiple logistic regression models. Increased risks were found for exposure to persistent noise (OR=2.31; 95% CI 1.15-4.66), and for hay fever (OR=2.20; 95% CI 1.09-4.45), but not for ionising radiation …