Search results for "Romer"

Polymorphism of immunoglobulin enhancer element HS1,2A: allele *2 associates with systemic sclerosis. Comparison with HLA‐DR and DQ allele frequency

2007

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of the polymorphic enhancer HS1,2 central to the 3' enhancer complex regulatory region (IgH3'EC) of the immunoglobulin heavy chain genes with systemic sclerosis (SSc) disease and compare it with HLA-DR and DQ associations. METHODS: A total of 116 patients with SSc were classified as diffuse (dSSc) or limited (lSSc), and as carriers of antitopoisomerase I (anti-Scl70) or anticentromere (ACA) antibodies. Allele and genotype frequencies were assessed in the population as a whole and in the two major subsets, dSSc and lSSc. The concentration of peripheral blood immunoglobulin levels was also determined and analysed according to the genotypes. RESULTS: …

Propagation techniques for three Mediterranean native shrubs with potentential as ornamental outdoor plants

2006

Grande are three Mediterranean shrubs with interesting ornamental features. The exploitation of wild plants for ornamental purposes implies knowledge on the factors influencing the propagation methods. To study the influence of temperature on germination, seeds of Teucrium flavum, Prasium majus and Micromeria fruticulosa were germinated in incubators at constant temperatures of 14, 20, 24 and 28°C. Highest germination, 45 % and 86%, occurred at 20°C in Teucrium flavum and Prasium majus, respectively. Micromeria fruticulosa seeds subjected at 24 or 28°C had a germination percentage significantly higher than at 20 or 14°C. To study the influence of auxin treatments on vegetative propagation, …

Effect of Cutting Size and Basal Heat on Rooting of Micromeria fruticulosa Stem Cuttings

2017

Micromeria fruticulosa (Bertol.) Grande is a small pulviniform shrub, belonging to the Labiates, and characterized by twisted stems and pink-purple flowers. Endemic to Campania and Sicily (Italy), M. fruticulosa grows from sea level to 600 m altitude. This specie might be considered an excellent native plant for landscape purposes in Mediterranean areas because of its long flowering period, extending from November to June, and its tolerance to heat and drought. The exploitation of wild plants for ornamental purposes implies knowledge on the factors influencing the propagation methods. Root development of stem cuttings of M. fruticulosa was investigated in relation to basal heat and cutting …

Expression of en and wg in the embryonic head and brain of Drosophila indicates a refolded band of seven segment remnants

1992

ABSTRACT Based on the expression pattern of the segment polarity genes engrailed and wingless during the embryonic development of the larval head, we found evidence that the head of Drosophila consists of remnants of seven segments (4 pregnathal and 3 gnathal) all of which contribute cells to neuromeres in the central nervous system. Until completion of germ band retraction, the four pregnathal segment remnants and their corresponding neuromeres become arranged in an S-shape. We discuss published evidence for seven head segments and morphogenetic movements during head formation in various insects (and crustaceans).

Mitochondrial genome of Suberites domuncula: palindromes and inverted repeats are abundant in non-coding regions.

2007

The 26,300-nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecule of the demosponge Suberites domuncula (Olivi, 1792), the largest in size yet found in Porifera, has been determined. We describe the second hadromerid sponge mitochondrial genome that contains the same set of 41 genes as the hadromerid sponge Tethya actinia, including trnMe(cau), trnI2(cau), trnR2(ucu), and atp9, all of which are transcribed in the same direction. Furthermore, rRNA genes for the small and large ribosomal subunit are very long, rns is indeed the longest among Metazoa (1833 bp). Intergenic regions (IGR) comprise about 25% of S. domuncula mtDNA and include numerous direct and inverted repeats, as well as …

Segment polarity and DV patterning gene expression reveals segmental organization of theDrosophilabrain

2003

The insect brain is traditionally subdivided into the trito-, deuto- and protocerebrum. However, both the neuromeric status and the course of the borders between these regions are unclear. The Drosophila embryonic brain develops from the procephalic neurogenic region of the ectoderm, which gives rise to a bilaterally symmetrical array of about 100 neuronal precursor cells, called neuroblasts. Based on a detailed description of the spatiotemporal development of the entire population of embryonic brain neuroblasts, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of the expression of segment polarity genes (engrailed, wingless, hedgehog, gooseberry distal,mirror) and DV patterning genes (muscle segmen…

Complex evolution of tandem-repetitive DNA in the Chironomus thummi species group.

1997

The subspecies Chironomus thummi thummi and C. t. piger display dramatic differences in the copy number and chromosomal localization of a tandemly repeated DNA family (Cla elements). In order to analyze the evolutionary dynamics of this repeat family, we studied the organization of Cla elements in the related outgroup species C. luridus. We find three different patterns of Cla element organization in C. luridus, showing that Cla elements may be either strictly tandem-repetitive or be an integral part of two higher-order tandem repeats (i.e., Hinf[lur] elements, Sal[lur] elements). All three types of Cla-related repeats are localized in the centromeres of C. luridus chromosomes. This suggest…

Rajan tiloja : luonnollisuus, luonnottomuus ja epäluonnottomuus 2000-luvun pohjoismaisissa autofiktioissa

2015

Distribution, classification, and development ofDrosophila glial cells in the late embryonic and early larval ventral nerve cord.

1994

To facilitate the investigation of glial development inDrosophila, we present a detailed description of theDrosophila glial cells in the ventral nerve cord. A GAL4 enhancer-trap screen for glial-specific expression was performed. Using UAS-lacZ and UAS-kinesin-lacZ as reporter constructs, we describe the distribution and morphology of the identified glial cells in the fully differentiated ventral nerve cord of first-instar larvae just after hatching. The three-dimensional structure of the glial network was reconstructed using a computer. Using the strains with consistent GAL4 expression during late embryogenesis, we traced back the development of the identified cells to provide a glial map …

A Systematic Nomenclature for theDrosophilaVentral Nervous System

2017

AbstractThe fruit fly,Drosophila melanogaster, is an established and powerful model system for neuroscience research with wide relevance in biology and medicine. Until recently, research on theDrosophilabrain was hindered by the lack of a complete and uniform nomenclature. Recognising this problem, the Insect Brain Name Working Group produced an authoritative hierarchical nomenclature system for the adult insect brain, usingDrosophila melanogasteras the reference framework, with other taxa considered to ensure greater consistency and expandability (Ito et al., 2014). Here, we extend this nomenclature system to the sub-gnathal regions of the adultDrosophilanervous system, thus providing a sy…