Search results for "SAC"

showing 10 items of 3337 documents

On the sources of the late integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect

2000

In some scenarios, the peculiar gravitational potential of linear and mildly nonlinear structures depends on time and, as a result of this dependence, a late integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect appears. Here, an appropriate formalism is used which allows us to improve on the analysis of the spatial scales and locations of the main cosmological inhomogeneities producing this effect. The study is performed in the framework of the currently preferred flat model with cosmological constant, and it is also developed in an open model for comparisons. Results from this analysis are used to discuss the contribution of Great Attractor-like objects, voids, and other structures to the CMB anisotropy.

PhysicsCosmic microwave backgroundAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsCosmological constantAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsSachs–Wolfe effectAstrophysicsNonlinear systemGravitational potentialTheoretical physicsFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)Space and Planetary ScienceOpen modelAnisotropyInstrumentation
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Residual fluctuations in the microwave background at large angular scales: Revision of the Sachs-Wolfe effect

1993

In this paper we revise the Sachs-Wolfe (SW) computation of large-scale an isotropies of the microwave background temperature, taking into account the properties of the metrics admitting an isotropic distribution of collisionless photons. We show that the metric used by SW belongs to the aforementioned class, and conclude that the microwave background (once the dipolar anisotropy has been subtracted) should now be isotropic at large angular scales, provided that it was isotropic on the last scattering surface and assuming that the growing mode of a pressureless Einstein-de Sitter perturbation is a good description of the metric.

PhysicsDipolePhotonCosmologiaScatteringQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsCosmic microwave backgroundIsotropyPerturbation (astronomy)AnisotropySachs–Wolfe effect
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Chemical studies of elements with Z≥ 104 in liquid phase

2015

Abstract Recent studies of the chemical separation and characterization experiments of the first three transactinide elements, rutherfordium (Rf), dubnium (Db), and seaborgium (Sg), conducted atom-at-a-time in liquid phases, are reviewed. A short description on experimental techniques based on partition methods, specifically automated rapid chemical separation systems, is also given. A newly developed experimental approach to investigate single atoms of the heaviest elements with an electrochemical method is introduced. Perspectives for liquid-phase chemistry experiments on heavier elements are briefly discussed.

PhysicsDubniumNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCountercurrent chromatographyChemical substancechemistrySeaborgiumRutherfordiumAnalytical chemistryLiquid phaseTransactinide elementchemistry.chemical_elementScience technology and societyNuclear Physics A
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Frontiers of Heavy - Ion Physics and Superheavy Elements

2003

This contribution will focus on three topics of GSI nuclear structure research: super heavy elements, direct mass measurements in the storage ring, and the measurement of spallation cross section in reversed kinematics. The GSI project for an extended synchrotron facility will be outlined.

PhysicsFocus (computing)Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsFissionNuclear structureTransactinide elementSuperheavy ElementsSynchrotronlaw.inventionNuclear physicsCross section (physics)Nuclear Energy and EngineeringlawHeavy ionSpallationStorage ringJournal of Nuclear Science and Technology
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Isomeric states in Rf256

2021

The question of the number and origin of isomeric states in $^{256}\mathrm{Rf}$ arose from two independent experiments but remained unanswered for a decade. To shed light on this puzzle, we studied isomeric decay in $^{256}\mathrm{Rf}$ by measuring conversion electrons with fast fully digital electronics. $^{256}\mathrm{Rf}$ was produced in the fusion-evaporation reactions of $^{50}\mathrm{Ti}+^{207}\mathrm{Pb}$ and $^{50}\mathrm{Ti}+^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ at the gas-filled recoil separator TransActinide Separator and Chemistry Apparatus. Among a total of 120 decays of $^{256}\mathrm{Rf}$, we detected 22 and 12 decays proceeding through one and two isomeric states. Half-lives of the low- and hi…

PhysicsGood quantum numbereducation.field_of_studyPopulationTransactinide elementProduction (computer science)ElectronAtomic physicseducationRecoil separatorPhysical Review C
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Influence of gravity vector on eye movement elicited by linear acceleration.

1991

When the body/head motion is sensed by otolith organs, they respond not only to the resultant acceleration of the motion but also to the gravitational force. We investigated the influence of the gravity vector on the otolithic-ocular reflex caused by motion in normal subjects. The sled type linear accelerator, moving back and forth with a frequency of 0.25 Hz and an amplitude of 2 m, generated right-left linear acceleration with a maximum magnitude of 0.5 g. We tested every subject under seven different postures: 1) 135 degrees forward tilted (F.T.), 2) 90 degrees F.T., 3) 45 degrees F.T., 4) upright sitting, 5) 45 degrees backward tilted (B.T.), 6) 90 degrees B.T., and 7) 135 degrees B.T. …

PhysicsGravity (chemistry)medicine.diagnostic_testEye MovementsAcousticsFast Fourier transformAccelerationEye movementGeneral MedicineElectrooculographyReflex Vestibulo-OcularLinear particle acceleratorSaccadic maskingAccelerationElectrooculographyMotionOtolithic MembraneAmplitudeOtorhinolaryngologymedicineHumansSaccule and UtricleGravitationActa oto-laryngologica. Supplementum
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Speeding up liquid-phase heavy element chemistry: Development of a vacuum to liquid transfer chamber (VLTC)

2021

Abstract We present a new system, which is suitable for performing fast liquid phase chemistry experiments and gives access to shorter-lived isotopes of super heavy elements (SHE) than accessible with current techniques. With this novel vacuum to liquid transfer chamber (VLTC), which is mounted behind a physical preseparator, the desired isotopes are transported from the low-pressure side of the recoil separator directly into the liquid phase of a chemical experiment. Simulations on the kinematics of evaporation residues were performed using SRIM, validating the general plausibility of the VLTC concept. Subsequently, the feasibility was demonstrated with 250 , 252 Cf fission fragments, whic…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsIon exchangeFissionEvaporationAnalytical chemistryTransactinide elementchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryNitric acidChemical stabilityCurrent (fluid)SpectroscopyInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Backings and targets for chemical and nuclear studies of transactinides with TASCA

2008

Abstract At GSI the gas-filled separator TASCA (TransActinide Separator and Chemistry Apparatus) was set up to investigate the chemical and physical properties of the heaviest elements making use of the highest beam intensities available [ www.gsi.de/tasca ; M. Schadel, D. Ackermann, A. Semchenkov, A. Turler, GSI Scientific Report 2005, GSI Report 2006-1, p. 262]. Appropriate backings and targets have to be developed. Conceivable backing materials are aluminium, titanium, and carbon. Aluminium backings and titanium backings in different thickness and from different companies are produced by cold rolling. Deposition by resistance heating is applied for carbon backings. For experiments in a c…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMetallurgychemistry.chemical_elementTransactinide elementActinideUranium tetrafluorideUraniumNuclear physicschemistry.chemical_compoundVacuum depositionchemistryAluminiumBerylliumInstrumentationTitaniumNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Liquid-scintillation detection of preseparated 257Rf with the SISAK-system

2005

Abstract The fast liquid–liquid extraction system SISAK with continuous liquid scintillation detection was coupled to the Berkeley Gas-filled Separator to enable studies of the chemical properties of α -decaying transactinide elements. The preseparated transactinide 257Rf (4.7 s), was transported via a He/KCl-jet directly into the scintillation solution. This permitted the first unambiguous detection of transactinide atoms by the means of the α -liquid scintillation detectors of the SISAK-system. During the experiment, 89 257Rf atoms were observed. The type of events observed correspond well with the expectations based on half-lives, decay branches and transport- and hold-up times. The succ…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsScintillationLiquid scintillation countingAnalytical chemistrySeparator (oil production)chemistry.chemical_elementTransactinide elementNuclear magnetic resonancechemistryScintillation counterRutherfordiumSolvent extractionInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Average charge states of heavy and superheavy ions passing through a rarified gas: Theory and experiment

2013

The average charge states $\overline{q}$ of heavy and superheavy ions (atomic numbers $Z=80$--114) passing through He gas are studied experimentally and theoretically. Experimental data were measured at the gas-filled recoil separator, i.e., the TransActinide Separator and Chemistry Apparatus (TASCA) at GSI Darmstadt, for ion energies of a few hundred keV/u at gas pressures of 0.2 to 2.0 mbar. An attempt is made to describe experimental $\overline{q}$ values by means of atomic calculations of the binding energies and electron-loss and electron-capture cross sections. The influence of the gas-density effect is included in the calculations. The calculated $\overline{q}$ reproduce the experime…

PhysicsNuclear physicsAb initio quantum chemistry methodsBinding energyTransactinide elementCharge (physics)Atomic numberElectronic structureAtomic physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsExcitationIonPhysical Review A
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