Search results for "SALIENCE"
showing 10 items of 78 documents
WOULD YOU FANCY A PREMIUM FIVE O’CLOCK AFTER THE FUNERAL? APPLICATION OF TERROR MANAGEMENT THEORY IN DAILY SHOPPING DECISIONS
2018
Przedstawione badanie weryfikowało, jak aktywizacja myślenia o śmierci wpływała na wybory zakupowe produktów spożywczych. W badaniu wzięli udział studenci (N = 130; Mage = 22,7; Meage = 21) różniący się pod względem poziomu świadomego lęku przed śmiercią. Uczestnicy zostali podzieleni na dwie grupy eksperymentalne i jedną kontrolną. Nie aktywizowano myślenia o śmierci w grupie kontrolnej. W pierwszej grupie eksperymentalnej aktywizowano myślenie o śmierci przy pomocy historii o eutanazji, w drugiej zaś poprzez prośbę wyobrażenia sobie własnej śmierci. Grupy eksperymentalne przed przystąpieniem do eksperymentu wypełniały kwestionariusz lęku przed śmiercią. Następnie badani mieli określić sw…
Dysfunction of the mesolimbic circuit to food odors in women with anorexia and bulimia nervosa: A fMRI study
2019
Brain reward dysfunction in eating disorders has been widely reported. However, whether the neural correlates of hedonic and motivational experiences related to food cues are differentially affected in anorexia nervosa of restrictive type (ANr), bulimia nervosa (BN), and healthy control (HC) participants remains unknown. Here, 39 women (14 ANr, 13 BN, and 12 HC) underwent fMRI while smelling food or non-food odors in hunger and satiety states during liking and wanting tasks. ANr and BN patients reported less desire to eat odor-cued food and odor-cued high energy-density food (EDF), respectively. ANr patients exhibited lower ventral tegmental area (VTA) activation than BN patients to food od…
A Performance Evaluation of Fusion Techniques for Spatio-Temporal Saliency Detection in Dynamic Scenes
2013
International audience; Visual saliency is an important research topic in computer vision applications, which helps to focus on regions of interest instead of processing the whole image. Detecting visual saliency in still images has been widely addressed in literature. However, visual saliency detection in videos is more complicated due to additional temporal information. A spatio-temporal saliency map is usually obtained by the fusion of a static saliency map and a dynamic saliency map. The way both maps are fused plays a critical role in the accuracy of the spatio-temporal saliency map. In this paper, we evaluate the performances of different fusion techniques on a large and diverse datas…
Modulation of attention by socio-emotional scenes in children with autism spectrum disorder
2017
Background: Abnormal attentional processes to socially relevant information may underlie social impairment in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). To examine how these processes are modulated by the emotional salience of the stimuli, we studied the attentional biases to social scenes (happy, sad, and threatening) in ASD children. Method: An emotional dot-probe task was applied to children (from 6 to 12 years old) with Autism Spectrum Disorder without additional language and/or intellectual impairments (ASD; n=25) and age/sex-matched controls (n=25). Results: ASD children showed an attentional bias toward threatening scenes while typically developing children tended to direct their attention towa…
How salience enhances inhibitory control : An analysis of electro-cortical mechanisms
2023
Stop-signal tasks (SSTs) combined with human electro-cortical recordings (Event-Related Potentials, ERPs) have revealed mechanisms associated with successful stopping (relative to failed), presumably contributing to inhibitory control. The corresponding ERP signatures have been labeled stop N1 (+/- 100-ms latency), stop N2 (200 ms), and stop P3 (160–250 ms), and argued to reflect more sensory-specific (N1) versus more generic (N2, P3) mechanisms. However, stop N1 and stop N2, as well as latencies of stop-P3, appear to be quite inconsistent across studies. The present work addressed the possible influence of stop-signal salience, expecting high salience to induce clear stop N1s but reduced s…
The groundwater pollution of Korneuburg, Austria : its issue life-cycle in the public discourse and collaboration and confrontation strategies of act…
2015
This thesis is a case study about the groundwater contamination of Korneuburg, Austria. The company Kwizda was responsible for pesticides leaking into the groundwater. The contamination was kept quiet with the help of local authorities and would have never come to light if not for the diligent efforts of affected residents. Their collaboration with environmental activists and a journalist led to the uncovering of the incident, eventually leading to remediation measures and lawsuits. While public attention to the issue was high, the authorities approved a controversial remediation measure that would lead to further pollution. With a particular reference to environmental and social issues, th…
The Strategic Cognition View of Issue Salience and the Evolution of a Political Issue : Landis & Gyr, the Hungarian Uprising and East-West Trade, 195…
2017
Why do firms facing similar stakeholder issues respond quite differently? The recently introduced strategic cognition view of issue salience and firm responsiveness (hereinafter: issue salience model) seeks to tackle this core question of stakeholder theory. I extend the nascent theorizing with a historical case study in order to rethink the model’s firm-centric perspective. The firm under examination in this historical case study is the Swiss multinational Landis & Gyr (LG) during the Cold War period. Like many other Swiss exportoriented companies in the 1950s and early 1960s, LG was challenged by Swiss pressure groups, which were highly effective at putting an issue on the public agenda: …
Cue weighting and task processing in melodic classification
2015
Many studies have considered the role of diverse musical parameters in the perception and cognition of specific musical contexts, yet few attempts have been made to integrate these findings into a general cognitive overview of everyday music listening. This study shifted the focus of research, by considering the importance, the relative weight, of particular parameters of music to individual music listeners, and groups composed of those listeners who had differing levels of formal musical experience. Manipulations in various musical and auditory parameters – melodic contour, metrical accent, instrument timbre, distortion and loudness – in two short melodic phrases, were presented to two gro…
On the typology of motion events in Aymara
2021
This paper investigates the lexicalization pattern of motion events in Aymara, an Andean language spoken in Bolivia, Peru, and Chile. After providing a description of the morphosyntax of translational motion events, this study aims at a preliminary typological classification of Aymara within the framework of Talmy’s typology (Talmy 2000). With this purpose, three diagnostic tests have been used to determine the basic framing-typology of motion events. These tests consider i) the size of manner-of-motion lexicon and, more broadly, the degree of manner salience, ii) the complex-path constructions and the use of ‘plus-ground’ clauses, iii) the expression of boundary-crossing. The results of th…
It's Sad but I Like It The Neural Dissociation Between Musical Emotions and Liking in Experts and Laypersons
2016
Emotion-related areas of the brain, such as the medial frontal cortices, amygdala, and striatum, are activated during listening to sad or happy music as well as during listening to pleasurable music. Indeed, in music, like in other arts, sad and happy emotions might co-exist and be distinct from emotions of pleasure or enjoyment. Here we aimed at discerning the neural correlates of sadness or happiness in music as opposed those related to musical enjoyment. We further investigated whether musical expertise modulates the neural activity during affective listening of music. To these aims, 13 musicians and 16 non-musicians brought to the lab their most liked and disliked musical pieces with a …