Search results for "SAR"
showing 10 items of 6699 documents
Blood flow velocity waveforms of the middle cerebral artery and abnormal neurological evaluations in live-born fetuses with absent or reverse end-dia…
1992
Abstract We studied 37 fetuses with absent or reverse end-diastolic flow velocities (AREDFV) of the umbilical arteries with respect to the mode of delivery, fetal acidosis, resistance index of the middle cerebral arteries, and abnormal neurological evaluation at the time of discharge from the department of pediatrics. A control group with normal umbilical artery flow velocity waveforms was matched for gestational age. Fetuses with AREDFV were delivered almost exclusively by cesarean section, in most cases due to fetal distress. Metabolic changes with decreased base excess values were found more often in fetuses with AREDFV, but no difference could be detected with respect to severe fetal ac…
Pathophysiological Aspects of Glucose Uptake by the Tumor Tissue under Various Conditions of Oxygen and Glucose Supply
1976
Earlier examinations of the glucose uptake in neoplastic tissue by isolated DS- Carcinosarcoma implanted into the rat kidney had the results as follows (VAUPEL, 1974): 1. An increase of the tumor mass from 3 to 13 g wet weight caused an exponential decrease of the glucose consumption by the tumor tissue from 44.4 to 6.7/umoles per 100 g/min; very young tumors of 3 – 4 g bad uptake rates from 27.8 to 44.4/umoles/100 g/min. 2. Simultaneous measurements of the mean actual glucose concentrations in the tumor tissue showed that in the very young tumors the concentration still ranged from 1.75 to 2.25/umoles/g wet weight, whereas those in old tumors drop as low as 0 to 0.17/umoles/g.
Primary paraesophageal Ewing’s sarcoma: an uncommon case report and literature review
2015
Ewing’s sarcoma is a rare and highly aggressive cancer most frequently arising in people under 20 years of age. We report an uncommon case of primary paraesophageal Ewing’s sarcoma in a 25-year-old male harboring the infrequent EWSR1/ERG fusion transcript with multiple splice variants coexisting in the same tumor. The patient was totally refractory to chemotherapy and died 17 months after diagnosis. We underscore the need for better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of the disease and improved systemic therapy options.
Prognostic factors in the treatment of Ewing's sarcoma
1987
From 1981 up to February 1985, a total of 93 protocol patients entered the study CESS 81. The protocol recommended an initial 18-week period of polychemotherapy (VACA) followed by local therapy and two additional cycles of chemotherapy. Local therapy consisted either of radical surgery or of incomplete resection plus postoperative irradiation with 36 Gy or of radiotherapy alone (46 and 60 Gy). Centrally located lesions were always irradiated with 60 Gy. This article summarizes the data after 5 years. Data of 93 patients were analysed in October 1986 after a median follow-up of 37 months. The projected 5-year survival is 50%. The relapse rate was 42%, distant relapses occurred in 19%, local …
The Effect of Erythropoietin on Tumor Oxygenation in Normal and Anemic Rats
1994
Anemia associated with malignancy is a common clinical problem. Its etiology is varied and includes nutritional causes, hemorrhage, hemolysis, bone marrow metastasis and hypoplasia, paraneoplastic syndromes, and chemotherapy1, with many patients presenting with anemia even before they receive cytotoxic therapy and even if their bone marrow is not invaded by tumor cells2. The response of tumors to standard radiotherapy and oxygen-dependent chemotherapy in these patients is often less satisfactory than in subjects with normal hemoglobin levels3. This is presumed to be due to the worsening of tumor oxygenation as a result of the decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood in these anemic t…
A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19
2020
Purpose COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) is a public health emergency of international concern. As of this time, there is no known effective pharmaceutical treatment, although it is much needed for patient contracting the severe form of the disease. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence regarding chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and three trial Registries were searched for studies on the use of chloroquine in patients with COVID-19. Results We included six articles (one narrative letter, one in-vitro study, one editorial, expert consensus paper, two national guideline documents) and 23 ongoing clinical trials in China. Chloroqui…
SARS-CoV-2 and the Risk Assessment Document in Italian Work: Specific or Generic Risk Even If Aggravated?
2021
In December 2019, several cases of atypical pneumonia were detected in Wuhan city, Hubei province, inland China. The initial outbreak was of considerable size first in China subsequently spread to the rest of the world. Immediately after the epidemic (which according to the World Health Organization had risen to pandemic status), the problem of whether or not to update the occupational risk assessment arose, also considering how the biological risk from SARS CoV-2 should be understood: specific or generic. To this end, we conducted a literature review to identify national health legislation and policies, examining how Italy has addressed the COVID-19 emergency in occupational health plannin…
Frailty and Sarcopenia in Acute‐on‐Chronic Liver Failure
2021
In patients with cirrhosis, sarcopenia is a critical reduction in skeletal muscle mass and frailty represents a status of global physical dysfunction caused by under nutrition, muscle wasting, and functional impairment. Both are prevalent conditions in liver transplant candidates and have shown to be independent predictors of adverse outcome. Evidence supports their incorporation into clinical practice both as a prognostic factor guiding clinical decision making and as a tool to identify candidates for physical and nutritional interventions. The wide heterogeneity of instruments used for sarcopenia and frailty measurement, the absence of a single suitable instrument for sarcopenia and frail…
The Role of Imaging Biomarkers in the Assessment of Sarcopenia
2020
Background: The diagnosis of sarcopenia through clinical assessment has some limitations. The literature advises studies that include objective markers along with clinical assessment in order to improve the sensitivity and specificity of current diagnostic criteria. The decrease of muscle quality precedes the loss of quantity, so we studied the role magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers as indicators of the quantity and quality of muscle in sarcopenia patients. Methods: a cross-sectional analysis was performed to analyze what MR-derived imaging parameters correlate better with sarcopenia diagnostic criteria in women of 70 years of age and over (independent walking and community-dwelling wom…
The Role of Endothelium in COVID-19
2021
The 2019 novel coronavirus, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is causing a global pandemic. The virus primarily affects the upper and lower respiratory tracts and raises the risk of a variety of non-pulmonary consequences, the most severe and possibly fatal of which are cardiovascular problems. Data show that almost one-third of the patients with a moderate or severe form of COVID-19 had preexisting cardiovascular comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, heart failure, or coronary artery disease. SARS-CoV2 causes hyper inflammation, hypoxia, apoptosis, and a renin–angiotensin system imbalance …