Search results for "SCAD"

showing 10 items of 348 documents

Complex interactions between phytochemicals. The multi-target therapeutic concept of phytotherapy.

2010

Drugs derived from natural resources represent a significant segment of the pharmaceutical market as compared to randomly synthesized compounds. It is a goal of drug development programs to design selective ligands that act on single disease targets to obtain highly effective and safe drugs with low side effects. Although this strategy was successful for many new therapies, there is a marked decline in the number of new drugs introduced into clinical practice over the past decades. One reason for this failure may be due to the fact that the pathogenesis of many diseases is rather multi-factorial in nature and not due to a single cause. Phytotherapy, whose therapeutic efficacy is based on th…

Systems biologyClinical BiochemistryPharmaceutical marketHerb-Drug InteractionsPharmacologylaw.inventionMulti targetlawDrug DiscoveryOils VolatileAnimalsHumansDrug InteractionsPharmacologyChemistryPlant ExtractsDrug SynergismPlantsClinical PracticeDrug developmentMolecular MedicinePlant PreparationsPhytotherapySignalling cascadesFunction (biology)PhytotherapyCurrent drug targets
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A Regulatory Mechanism Involving TBP-1/Tat-Binding Protein 1 and Akt/PKB in the Control of Cell Proliferation

2011

Abstract TBP-1 /Tat-Binding Protein 1 (also named Rpt-5, S6a or PSMC3) is a multifunctional protein, originally identified as a regulator of HIV-1-Tat mediated transcription. It is an AAA-ATPase component of the 19S regulative subunit of the proteasome and, as other members of this protein family, fulfils different cellular functions including proteolysis and transcriptional regulation. We and others reported that over expression of TBP-1 diminishes cell proliferation in different cellular contexts with mechanisms yet to be defined. Accordingly, we demonstrated that TBP-1 binds to and stabilizes the p14ARF oncosuppressor increasing its anti-oncogenic functions. However, TBP-1 restrains cell…

TBP-1/Tat-Binding Protein 1lcsh:Medicinemacromolecular substancesBiologymTORC2Cell GrowthTBP-1/Tat-Binding Protein 1; cell proliferationp14arfMolecular Cell BiologyGeneticsCancer GeneticsTranscriptional regulationGene Networkslcsh:ScienceBiologyProtein kinase BPI3K/AKT/mTOR pathwayMultidisciplinaryCell growthAKTBinding proteinlcsh:RMolecular biologySignaling CascadesCell biologyTBP-1enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)cell proliferationbiology.proteinMdm2lcsh:QCell DivisionResearch ArticleSignal TransductionPLoS ONE
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2-Hydroxyoleic Acid Induces ER Stress and Autophagy in Various Human Glioma Cell Lines

2012

Background: 2-Hydroxyoleic acid is a synthetic fatty acid with potent anti-cancer activity which does not induce undesired side effects. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which this compound selectively kills human glioma cancer cells without killing normal cells is not fully understood. The present study was designed to determine the molecular bases underlying the potency against 1321N1, SF-767 and U118 human glioma cell lines growth without affecting non cancer MRC-5 cells. Methodology/Principal Findings: The cellular levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy markers were determined by quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblotting …

Tetrazolium SaltsOleic AcidsEndoplasmic ReticulumBiochemistry2-Hydroxyoleic AcidDrug DiscoveryMolecular Cell BiologyNeurological TumorsLungProtein MetabolismCellular Stress ResponsesMultidisciplinaryCell DeathBrain NeoplasmsQFatty AcidsRGliomaLipidsSignaling CascadesCell biologyOncologyMedicineSignal transductionResearch ArticleBiotechnologySignal TransductionCell SurvivalScienceAntineoplastic AgentsBiologyStress Signaling CascadeCell LineGliomaCell Line TumormedicineAutophagyHumansBiologyAutophagyProteinsCancers and NeoplasmsFibroblastsmedicine.diseaseChaperone ProteinsThiazolesMetabolismCell cultureApoptosisCancer cellUnfolded protein responsePLoS ONE
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JNK phosphorylation relieves HDAC3-dependent suppression of the transcriptional activity of c-Jun

2003

The AP-1 transcription factor c-Jun is a prototypical nuclear effector of the JNK signal transduction pathway. The integrity of JNK phosphorylation sites at serines 63/73 and at threonines 91/93 in c-Jun is essential for signal-dependent target gene activation. We show that c-Jun phosphorylation mediates dissociation of an inhibitory complex, which is associated with histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). The subsequent events that ultimately cause increased mRNA synthesis are independent of c-Jun phosphorylation and its interaction with JNK. These findings provide an 'activation by de-repression' model as an explanation for the stimulatory function of JNK on c-Jun.

ThreonineTranscriptional ActivationTranscription GeneticMAP Kinase Kinase 4Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-junRecombinant Fusion ProteinsMitogen-activated protein kinase kinaseHistone DeacetylasesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCell LinePhosphorylation cascadeMiceSuppression GeneticGenes ReporterSerineAnimalsHumansRNA MessengerPhosphorylationMolecular BiologyTranscription factorSequence DeletionMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase KinasesGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologybiologyGeneral Neurosciencec-junJNK Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesArticles3T3 CellsHDAC3Molecular biologyProtein Structure TertiaryMitogen-activated protein kinaseMutationMutagenesis Site-Directedbiology.proteinPhosphorylationSignal transductionProtein BindingThe EMBO Journal
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Protein dynamics observed by tunable mid-IR quantum cascade lasers across the time range from 10 ns to 1 s

2017

We have developed a spectrometer based on tunable quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) for recording time-resolved absorption spectra of proteins in the mid-infrared range. We illustrate its performance by recording time-resolved difference spectra of bacteriorhodopsin in the carboxylic range (1800–1700 cm− 1) and on the CO rebinding reaction of myoglobin (1960–1840 cm− 1), at a spectral resolution of 1 cm− 1. The spectrometric setup covers the time range from 4 ns to nearly a second with a response time of 10–15 ns. Absorption changes as low as 1 × 10− 4 are detected in single-shot experiments at t > 1 μs, and of 5 × 10− 6 in kinetics obtained after averaging 100 shots. While previous time-res…

Time FactorsSpectrophotometry InfraredAbsorption spectroscopyAnalytical chemistry010402 general chemistry53001 natural sciencesMolecular physicsSpectral lineAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionchannelrhodopsinflash photolysislawSpectral resolutionAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)InstrumentationSpectroscopyCarbon MonoxidebiologySpectrometerChemistrybacteriorhodopsinLasers010401 analytical chemistry500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 PhysikWaterBacteriorhodopsinLasertime-resolved IR spectroscopyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesSolutionsKineticsCascadeBacteriorhodopsinsmyoglobinbiology.proteinQuantum Theory
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Mathematical formulation of pulse amplitude modulation selective harmonic elimination in multilevel three phase inverters

2022

In this paper multilevel cascaded H-bridges (CHB) three phase inverters with 2n dc sources, n=1,2,3,... are considered and a mathematical formulation providing both 2n switching angles and dc voltage source to eliminate n+1 harmonics and their respective multiple from their output voltage waveform, is proposed. The computed angles don't depend on modulation index and the source voltages linearly vary with it. The proposed procedure finds the solution through an analytical formula that avoids to solve transcendental systems and presents very low computational cost. A lot of low order harmonics are eliminated, returning a very low total harmonic distortion (THD). Particularly for 9-level conf…

Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)Selective Harmonics Elimination (SHE)Selective Harmonics Mitigation (SHM)Settore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciCascaded H-bridges (CHB) Multilevel Inverters
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Feature Selection for Ensembles of Simple Bayesian Classifiers

2002

A popular method for creating an accurate classifier from a set of training data is to train several classifiers, and then to combine their predictions. The ensembles of simple Bayesian classifiers have traditionally not been a focus of research. However, the simple Bayesian classifier has much broader applicability than previously thought. Besides its high classification accuracy, it also has advantages in terms of simplicity, learning speed, classification speed, storage space, and incrementality. One way to generate an ensemble of simple Bayesian classifiers is to use different feature subsets as in the random subspace method. In this paper we present a technique for building ensembles o…

Training setComputer sciencebusiness.industryBayesian probabilityPattern recognitionFeature selectionMachine learningcomputer.software_genreLinear subspaceRandom subspace methodNaive Bayes classifierComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONIterative refinementArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerClassifier (UML)Cascading classifiers
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Ensemble Feature Selection Based on Contextual Merit and Correlation Heuristics

2001

Recent research has proven the benefits of using ensembles of classifiers for classification problems. Ensembles of diverse and accurate base classifiers are constructed by machine learning methods manipulating the training sets. One way to manipulate the training set is to use feature selection heuristics generating the base classifiers. In this paper we examine two of them: correlation-based and contextual merit -based heuristics. Both rely on quite similar assumptions concerning heterogeneous classification problems. Experiments are considered on several data sets from UCI Repository. We construct fixed number of base classifiers over selected feature subsets and refine the ensemble iter…

Training setbusiness.industryComputer scienceFeature selectionPattern recognitionBase (topology)Machine learningcomputer.software_genreExpert systemRandom subspace methodComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONEnsembles of classifiersFeature (machine learning)Artificial intelligencebusinessHeuristicscomputerCascading classifiers
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Regulation ofMUC1Expression in Human Mammary Cell Lines by the c-ErbB2 and Ras Signaling Pathways

2001

The MUC1 protein is a highly O-glycosylated transmembrane molecule that is expressed at the luminal surface of most glandular epithelial cells and is upregulated in carcinomas. Here, we report the effect of the activation of the c-ErbB2 --Ras pathway on the expression of the MUC1 gene in the nontumorigenic mammary cell lines MTSV1-7 and HB2 and in the malignant cell lines T47D and ZR75. Endogenous levels of MUC1 mRNA and protein in HB2 clones permanently overexpressing c-ErbB2 or V12-H-Ras were markedly reduced compared with levels in the parental cell lines. Furthermore, in transient transfection assays, the transcription of a CAT reporter construct driven by the MUC1 promoter was inhibite…

Transcription GeneticReceptor ErbB-2Recombinant Fusion ProteinsMutantDown-RegulationBreast NeoplasmsBiologyTransfectionCell LineWortmanninPhosphatidylinositol 3-Kinaseschemistry.chemical_compoundGenes ReporterTranscription (biology)Anti-apoptotic Ras signalling cascadeTumor Cells CulturedGeneticsHumansBreastPromoter Regions Geneticskin and connective tissue diseasesneoplasmsMolecular BiologyMUC1Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase InhibitorsOncogeneMucin-1Cell BiologyGeneral MedicineGenes erbB-2Molecular biologyTransmembrane proteinCell biologyAndrostadienesGenes rasGene Expression Regulationchemistryras ProteinsFemaleSignal transductionWortmanninSignal TransductionDNA and Cell Biology
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Acidic Environment Leads to ROS-Induced MAPK Signaling in Cancer Cells

2011

Tumor micromilieu often shows pronounced acidosis forcing cells to adapt their phenotype towards enhanced tumorigenesis induced by altered cellular signalling and transcriptional regulation. In the presents study mechanisms and potential consequences of the crosstalk between extra- and intracellular pH (pH(e), pH(i)) and mitogen-activated-protein-kinases (ERK1/2, p38) was analyzed. Data were obtained mainly in AT1 R-3327 prostate carcinoma cells, but the principle importance was confirmed in 5 other cell types. Extracellular acidosis leads to a rapid and sustained decrease of pH(i) in parallel to p38 phosphorylation in all cell types and to ERK1/2 phosphorylation in 3 of 6 cell types. Furth…

Tumor PhysiologyIntracellular Spacelcsh:MedicineSignal transductionERK signaling cascadeMolecular cell biologyNeoplasmsBasic Cancer ResearchTumor MicroenvironmentSignaling in Cellular ProcessesPhosphorylationCyclic AMP Response Element-Binding ProteinCreb Signalinglcsh:ScienceCellular Stress ResponsesMultidisciplinaryKinaseMechanisms of Signal TransductionSignaling cascadesHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationProtein-Tyrosine KinasesCell biologyOncologyMedicinePhosphorylationMitogen-Activated Protein KinasesSodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPaseIntracellularResearch ArticleCell SurvivalMAP Kinase Signaling Systemp38 mitogen-activated protein kinasesIntracellular pHBiologyCREBModels BiologicalCell GrowthDogsCell Line TumorAnimalsHumansProtein Kinase InhibitorsBiologyPI3K/AKT/mTOR pathwaylcsh:RRatsEnzyme ActivationCancer cellbiology.proteinlcsh:QExtracellular SpaceReactive Oxygen SpeciesAcidsPLoS ONE
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