Search results for "SCALES"

Relationship of Psychiatric Experience and Interrater Reliability in Assessment of Negative Symptoms

1999

Subclinical thought disorder in first-degree relatives of schizophrenic patients. Results from a matched-pairs study with the Thought Disorder Index

1995

To assess the frequency and quality of formal thought disorder in schizophrenic patients and their first-degree relatives, a consecutive series of 36 unmedicated patients, 20 siblings of these patients and 37 normal control subjects were examined with Holzman's Thought Disorder Index (TDI). As a proof of the internal validity of this tool, the patients demonstrated significantly more thought disorder than the controls as measured by the TDI total score and various subscores, which proved the internal validity of this tool in a German-speaking sample. In addition, in a pairwise comparison with controls who were individually matched by age and sex the patients' siblings had a significantly hi…

Duration of active psychosis and functional outcomes in first-episode non-affective psychosis.

2018

AbstractBackground:The duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) has been associated with negative outcomes in psychosis; however, few studies have focused on the duration of active psychotic symptoms after commencing treatment (DAT). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of DUP and DAT on functional long-term outcomes (3 years) in patients with early psychosis.Methods:We evaluated the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) at frequent intervals for 3 years after presentation to determine the DAT for 307 individuals with first-episode psychosis together with DUP and clinical variables. The functional outcomes were assessed using the Disability Assessment Scale (DAS) at th…

Prenatal and postnatal insecticide use and infant neuropsychological development in a multicenter birth cohort study

2013

There is little evidence about exposure to currently used insecticides during early life periods and adverse effects on child neuropsychological development. The aim of this study is to examine the association between residential insecticide use during pregnancy and infancy, and the development of children.Study subjects were participants in the INMA (Environment and Childhood) Project, a Spanish multicenter birth cohort study. Prenatal and postnatal use of indoor insecticides and other variables were obtained from personal interview during pregnancy and infancy. Mental and psychomotor development was assessed around 14 months using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. The associations …

Risk gene variants for nicotine dependence in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 cluster are associated with cognitive performance

2010

Recent studies strongly support an association of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene cluster CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 with nicotine dependence (ND). However, the precise genotype-phenotype relationship is still unknown. Clinical and epidemiological data on smoking behavior raise the possibility that the relevant gene variants may indirectly contribute to the development of ND by affecting cognitive performance in some smokers who consume nicotine for reasons of "cognition enhancement." Here, we tested seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs684513, rs637137, rs16969968, rs578776, rs1051730, rs3743078, rs3813567 from the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene cluster for association with ND, me…

A psychopathological study of a group of schizophrenic patients after attempting suicide. Are there two different clinical subtypes?

2003

AbstractFifty-six schizophrenic patients at the moment of their suicidal attempt were compared to a control group of 60 patients. Schizophrenic suicidal attempters showed an identifiable clinical profile at the acute phase. Two main groups could be differentiated in regard to their reasons (depressive or psychotic) for attempting suicide.

Depression in the community: a comparison of treated and non-treated cases in two non-referred samples.

1992

Family studies in non-patient samples may help to clarify whether or not treatment-seeking behaviour is substantially determined by clinical features of depression. Life-time risks of depression were investigated by structured clinical interviews (SADS-LA) in both a high-risk sample of depressed patients' first-degree relatives and an unscreened control sample of the general population: 34.6% of the high-risk sample versus 23.1% of controls were cases of depression, with a female preponderance in both groups. The rates of treated depression were 17.0% versus 8.5%. Female sex, greater age, higher severity of episodes, manic or hypomanic episodes recurrent course, and introverted and anancast…

[Anxiety, depression and risk consumption of alcohol in a sample of university students].

2018

The university student is vulnerable to the adverse effects of many stress factors that can lead to depressive symptoms, anxiety and alcohol abuse, causing an increase in the burden of illness in young people. The aim of the study was to measure depressive symptoms, anxiety levels, and harmful alcohol consumption within the student population of the University of Palermo.An online questionnaire was sent by e-mail to the 8500 students enrolled in the (ERSU) Regional Office for the Right to University Study's mailing list in Palermo. It was evaluated the severity of depressive symptoms through the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report, anxiety symptoms using the Beck Anxiet…

Induced not just right and incompleteness experiences in OCD patients and non-clinical individuals: An in vivo study

2016

Abstract Background and objectives Research on incompleteness and not-just right experiences, (INC/NJREs) indicate that some OCD symptom dimensions are motivated by these experiences rather than by anxiety. Most published data are correlational, using non-clinical individuals. This study sought to examine INC/NJREs in vivo in non-clinical and OCD individuals. Methods Study 1: Ninety-three undergraduates were randomly assigned to a INC/NJREs induction (n=44) or non-induction task (n=47). Scores on self-reports assessing INC, NJREs, OCD, Anxiety, and Depression were also recorded. Study 2: Twenty adults with OCD performed the induction task and completed the same questionnaire-packet as the n…

Smoking Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess the Dimensionality of the Brief Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives and Identify Di…

2014

Introduction The present study aims to investigate the dimensionality of the brief version of the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (B-WISDM) and identify different smoking motivational profiles among young daily smokers (N = 375). Methods We tested 3 measurement models of the B-WISDM using confirmatory factor analysis, whereas cluster analysis was used to identify the smokers' motivational profiles. Furthermore, we compared clusters toward dependence level and the number of cigarettes smoked per day using analysis of variance tests. Results The results confirmed that the B-WISDM measures 11 first-order intercorrelated factors. The second-order model, originally proposed for…