Search results for "SCOPE"

showing 10 items of 2420 documents

Spin scattering and spin-polarized hybrid interface states at a metal-organic interface

2011

Spin scattering at the interface formed between metallic Fe and Cu-phthalocyanine molecules is investigated by spin-polarized scanning tunneling spectroscopy and spin-resolved photoemission. The results are interpreted using first-principles electronic structure theory. The combination of experimental and theoretical techniques allows us to shed light on the role of hybrid interface states for the spin scattering. We show that Cu-phthalocyanine acts, via hybrid interface states, as a local spin filter up to room temperature both below and above the Fermi energy, ${E}_{\mathrm{F}}$. At the same time, the molecule behaves as a featureless scattering barrier in a region of about 1 eV around ${…

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsScatteringbusiness.industryScanning tunneling spectroscopyFermi energy02 engineering and technologyElectronic structure021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionSemiconductorlaw0103 physical sciencesMoleculeCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsScanning tunneling microscope010306 general physics0210 nano-technologybusinessSpin-½Physical Review B
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Spatial distribution and statistical properties of small-scale convective vortex-like motions in a quiet-Sun region

2011

High-resolution observations of a quiet Sun internetwork region taken with the Solar 1-m Swedish Telescope in La Palma are analyzed. We determine the location of small-scale vortex motions in the solar photospheric region by computing the horizontal proper motions of small-scale structures on time series of images. These plasma convectively-driven swirl motions are associated to: (1) downdrafts (that have been commonly explained as corresponding to sites where the plasma is cooled down and hence returned to the interior below the visible photospheric level), and (2) horizontal velocity vectors converging into a central point. The sink cores are proved to be the final destination of passive …

PhysicsConvectionScale (ratio)Series (mathematics)Astronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsPlasmaSpatial distributionlaw.inventionVortexTelescopeSpace and Planetary SciencelawQUIETAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
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ESTREMO/WFXRT: Extreme phySics in the TRansient and Evolving COsmos

2006

We present a mission designed to address two main themes of the ESA Cosmic Vision Programme: the Evolution of the Universe and its Violent phenomena. ESTREMO/WFXRT is based on innovative instrumental and observational approaches, out of the mainstream of observatories of progressively increasing area, i.e.: Observing with fast reaction transient sources, like GRB, at their brightest levels, thus allowing high resolution spectroscopy. Observing and surveying through a X-ray telescope with a wide field of view and with high sensitivity extended sources, like cluster and Warm Hot Intragalactic Medium (WHIM). ESTREMO/WFXRT will rely on two cosmological probes: GRB and large scale X-ray structur…

PhysicsCosmic VisionAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenamedia_common.quotation_subjectDark matterAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomyX-ray telescopeAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsCosmologyUniverselaw.inventionTelescopeSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia e AstrofisicalawX-ray instruments Cosmology Gamma-Ray Bursts Clusters of galaxiesDark energyGamma-ray burstmedia_common
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A Study of Gravitational Lens Chromaticity using Ground-based Narrow Band Photometry

2011

We present observations of wavelength-dependent flux ratios for four gravitational lens systems (SDSS~J1650+4251, HE~0435$-$1223, FBQ 0951+2635, and Q~0142$-$100) obtained with the Nordic Optical Telescope. The use of narrowband photometry, as well as the excellent seeing conditions during the observations, allows us to study their chromatic behavior. For SDSS~J1650+4251, we determine the extinction curve of the dust in the $z_L=0.58$ lens galaxy and find that the 2175 \AA \ feature is absent. In the case of HE~0435$-$1223, we clearly detect chromatic microlensing. This allows us to estimate the wavelength-dependent size of the accretion disk. We find an R-band disk size of $r^{R}_s=13\pm5$…

PhysicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)010308 nuclear & particles physicsFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsGravitational microlensing01 natural sciencesNordic Optical TelescopeGalaxyPhotometry (astronomy)Gravitational lensThin diskSpace and Planetary Science0103 physical sciencesExponentChromatic scale010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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New limits on Early Dark Energy from the South Pole Telescope

2011

We present new limits on early dark energy (EDE) from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) using data from the WMAP satellite on large angular scales and South Pole Telescope (SPT) on small angular scales. We find a strong upper limit on the EDE density of Omega_e < 0.018 at 95% confidence, a factor of three improvement over WMAP data alone. We show that adding lower-redshift probes of the expansion rate to the CMB data improves constraints on the dark energy equation of state, but not the EDE density. We also explain how the small-scale CMB temperature anisotropy constrains EDE.

PhysicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)010308 nuclear & particles physicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectCosmic microwave backgroundCosmic background radiationAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciencesCMB cold spotUniverseCosmologySouth Pole TelescopeSpace and Planetary Science0103 physical sciencesDark energyBaryon acoustic oscillations010303 astronomy & astrophysicsmedia_commonAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Dark matter scattering on electrons: Accurate calculations of atomic excitations and implications for the DAMA signal

2016

We revisit the WIMP-type dark matter scattering on electrons that results in atomic ionization and can manifest itself in a variety of existing direct-detection experiments. Unlike the WIMP-nucleon scattering, where current experiments probe typical interaction strengths much smaller than the Fermi constant, the scattering on electrons requires a much stronger interaction to be detectable, which in turn requires new light force carriers. We account for such new forces explicitly, by introducing a mediator particle with scalar or vector couplings to dark matter and to electrons. We then perform state-of-the-art numerical calculations of atomic ionization relevant to the existing experiments.…

PhysicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringPhysics beyond the Standard ModelDark matterScalar (mathematics)FOS: Physical sciencesElectron01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentPhysics - Atomic PhysicsComputational physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Ionization0103 physical sciencesAtomic physics010306 general physicsRelativistic quantum chemistryAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsFermi Gamma-ray Space TelescopePhysical Review D
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LONG-TERM MONITORING, TIME DELAY, AND MICROLENSING IN THE GRAVITATIONAL LENS SYSTEM Q0142-100

2013

We present twelve years of monitoring of the gravitational lens Q0142-100 from the Teide Observatory. The data, taken from 1999 to 2010, comprise 105 observing nights with the IAC80 telescope. The application of the delta2-method to the dataset leads to a value of the time delay between both components of the system of 72+/-22 days (68 per cent confidence level), consistent within the uncertainties with the latest previous results. With this value in mind a possible microlensing event is detected in Q0142-100.

PhysicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Event (relativity)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsGravitational microlensinglaw.inventionTelescopeGravitational lensSpace and Planetary ScienceObservatorylawLong term monitoringAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsThe Astrophysical Journal
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A measurement of the tau lifetime

1993

The tau lepton lifetime is measured using four different methods with the DELPHI detector. Three measurements using one prong decays are combined, accounting for correlations, resulting in tau(tau) = 298 +/- 7 (stat.) +/- 4 (syst.) fs while the decay length distribution of three prong decays gives tau(tau) = 298 +/- 13 (stat.) +/- 5 (syst.) fs. The combined result is tau(tau) = 298 +/- 7 fs. The ratio of the Fermi coupling constant from tau decay relative to that from muon decay is found to be 0.985 +/- 0.013, compatible with lepton universality.

PhysicsCoupling constantParticle physicsArgusNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMuonPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)010308 nuclear & particles physicsElectron–positron annihilation01 natural sciences7. Clean energyNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesDecay lengthLEPTONS[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]High Energy Physics::ExperimentFísica nuclearCombined result010306 general physicscomputerParticle Physics - ExperimentFermi Gamma-ray Space TelescopeLeptoncomputer.programming_language
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CONSTRUCTION OF METASTABLE STATES IN QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS

2004

In this paper, we construct metastable states of atoms interacting with the quantized radiation field. These states emerge from the excited bound states of the non-interacting system. We prove that these states obey an exponential time-decay law. In detail, we show that their decay is given by an exponential function in time, predicted by Fermi's Golden Rule, plus a small remainder term. The latter is proportional to the (4+β)th power of the coupling constant and decays algebraically in time. As a result, though it is small, it dominates the decay for large times. A central point of the paper is that our remainder term is significantly smaller than the one previously obtained in [1] and as…

PhysicsCoupling constantStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsExponential functionsymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsMetastabilityExcited stateBound statesymbolsFermi's golden ruleRemainderMathematical PhysicsFermi Gamma-ray Space TelescopeReviews in Mathematical Physics
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Calibration and Simulation of the GRB trigger detector of the Ultra Fast Flash Observatory

2013

The UFFO (Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory) is a GRB detector on board the Lomonosov satellite, to be launched in 2013. The GRB trigger is provided by an X-ray detector, called UBAT (UFFO Burst Alarm & Trigger Telescope), which detects X-rays from the GRB and then triggers to determine the direction of the GRB and then alerts the Slewing Mirror Telescope (SMT) to turn in the direction of the GRB and record the optical photon fluxes. This report details the calibration of the two components: the MAPMTs and the YSO crystals and simulations of the UBAT. The results shows that this design can observe a GRB within a field of view of ±35° and can trigger in a time scale as short as 0.2 – 1.0 s af…

PhysicsDetectorGeneral EngineeringAstronomy and AstrophysicsField of viewAstrophysicslaw.inventionTelescopeFlash (photography)Space and Planetary SciencelawObservatoryCalibrationSatelliteGamma-ray burst
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