Search results for "SCOPE"

State and Politics in Religious Peacebuilding in Kenya, Zanzibar and Rwanda

2016

In this chapter, Steen-Johnsen argues that the question how do the political strategies of the state to regulate to the civil sphere and the enactment of these strategies influence the scope of opportunity for religious actors to build peace is relevant in contexts beyond Ethiopia. Steen-Johnsen presents three different African contexts: Kenya, Zanzibar and Rwanda, where political strategies to regulate the civil and religious spheres exist in different forms. Steen-Johnsen outlines how state authorities in these contexts, through different means, have launched political strategies to curb, or to some extent control, conflicts with religious dimensions. This, she argues, prompts the questio…

Introduction: Border Memories

2019

This chapter introduces the context of the book. It first argues that the public debate about refugees and border crossing in Europe tends to be ahistorical, treating the situation as a sudden emergency appearing from nowhere. Thinking in terms of bordering, as a verb, underlines that borders require continuous symbolic and material construction and that borders have consequences. The perspective of bordering calls for attention to temporality. This volume adds the analytical lenses of memory and temporality to the critical and political project to think beyond the oppressive bordering taking place in Europe. By doing so, the book broadens the scope of border studies, which tend to focus on…

1977: Hopes Fulfilled—Building Democracy in Turbulent Economic Times

2020

This chapter offers an analysis of the main economic and institutional transformations in Spain from 1977 onwards. The severe economic and financial crisis that hit Spain in the mid-1970s coincided with the arrival of democracy after Franco’s death and shaped the nature and scope of the implemented reforms (Pactos de la Moncloa). While the crisis and political instability limited the possibility of making a more radical adjustment, the consensus among different social actors, unions and political parties was fundamental to the reforms. This time hopes were fulfilled and although some reforms were left pending, those that were adopted played a seminal role in putting the Spanish economy and …

State–Religious Relationships in Ethiopia

2016

In this chapter, Steen-Johnsen depicts how the Ethiopian regime uses fear tactics in order to keep the religious peacebuilders in accordance with their political strategies. She presents rich empirical material describing how religious leaders engaged in peacebuilding fear sanctions if they do not adhere to the strategies of the regime. She finds that processes of securitization as well as historical patterns of state–religious interactions affect how political strategies are enacted in Ethiopia. She argues that these findings make a strong argument of considering how the enactment of political strategies influences the scope of opportunities of religious peacemakers.

Analysis of Pollutant Emissions on City Arteries—Aspects of Transport Management

2021

The aim of the study is to present a methodology for analyzing pollution emissions in a medium-sized city using modern traffic simulations in the aspect of minimizing exhaust emissions. The scope of the research and the methods of analysis used differ from those applied in big cities projects that can be found in the literature, Therefore the progressive elaboration model has been applied methodically to formulate and carry out the feasibility study. To perform microscopic traffic simulations, the software Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO—German Aerospace Center (DLR), Berlin, Germany) was applied. Thanks to the simulations, changes in traffic organization were accurately identified in th…

Book review

2008

Plasma Polymer Membranes for Immobilising Metalloporphyrins

2013

Atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge formation of organosilicon thin films loaded with zinc 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (Zn(TPP)) was investigated for different deposition conditions. UV–visible spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed the effects of the metalloporpyhrins injection parameters and the plasma polymerisation conditions can affect the dispersion of the metalloporphyrins and the morphology of the coatings. The stability of the embedded Zn(TPP) molecules was investigated by orbitrap mass spectrometry.

Aroma behaviour during steam cooking within a potato starch-based model matrix.

2012

To help understand the organoleptic qualities of steam cooked foods, the kinetics of aroma release during cooking in a potato starch based model matrix was studied. Behaviour of components having a major impact in potato flavour were studied using solid phase micro extraction-gas chromatography (SPME-GC). Evolution of microstructure of potato starch model-matrix during steam cooking process was analyzed using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). Both aroma compounds that are naturally present in starch matrix and those that were added were analyzed. Both the aroma compounds naturally presented and those added had different behaviour depending on their physico-chemical properti…

Diffusion in concentrated colloidal suspensions and glasses

1998

The well established analogy between colloidal suspensions and atomic fluids has been extended to the glass transition problem in the past few years. Colloids have become the ideal test case for checking glass transition theories; this was due to the possibility of modeling hard spheres with colloidal dispersions. Significant progress has also been made in instrumentation, especially in the development of light-scattering techniques allowing moderately turbid and nonergodic samples to be analyzed. Mode coupling theory has become a paradigm not only for the glass transition, but also for the understanding of dynamics in highly concentrated colloidal dispersions where crystallization is suppr…

Surface-relief gratings in halogen-bonded polymer-azobenzene complexes A concentration-dependence study

2017

In recent years, supramolecular complexes comprising a poly(4-vinylpyridine) backbone and azobenzene-based halogen bond donors have emerged as a promising class of materials for the inscription of light-induced surface-relief gratings (SRGs). The studies up to date have focused on building supramolecular hierarchies, i.e., optimizing the polymer–azobenzene noncovalent interaction for efficient surface patterning. They have been conducted using systems with relatively low azobenzene content, and little is known about the concentration dependence of SRG formation in halogen-bonded polymer–azobenzene complexes. Herein, we bridge this gap, and study the concentration dependence of SRG formation…