Search results for "SCOPE"

Social capital, public expenditure and the quality of provision. The Sicilian experience

2013

L'articolo si inserisce all’interno del dibattito sul divario nella qualità dei servizi fra Nord e Sud d’Italia che recentemente è tornato a concentrarsi sul tema del capitale sociale, con lo scopo di ricostruire i processi attraverso i quali il capitale sociale influenza i rendimenti istituzionali, di qualificare la natura del nesso esistente, la sua variabilità nel tempo e fra diversi settori di intervento. A questo scopo l'articolo sviluppa una analisi fra i settori della sanità e della formazione professionale negli ultimi dieci anni in Sicilia. Questo articolo si inserisce all'interno del dibattito sul divario nella qualità dei servizi fra Nord e Sud d'Italia che recentemente è tornato…

2020

In Bone Tissue Engineering (BTE), autologous bone-regenerative cells are combined with a scaffold for large bone defect treatment (LBDT). Microporous, polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds showed good healing results in small animals. However, transfer to large animal models is not easily achieved simply by upscaling the design. Increasing diffusion distances have a negative impact on cell survival and nutrition supply, leading to cell death and ultimately implant failure. Here, a novel scaffold architecture was designed to meet all requirements for an advanced bone substitute. Biofunctional, porous subunits in a load-bearing, compression-resistant frame structure characterize this approach. An o…

A facile method to determine pore size distribution in porous scaffold by using image processing

2015

Abstract Image processing permits scientists to investigate morphological properties of three-dimensional structures starting from their bi-dimensional gray-scale representation. In many cases porous structure with complex architecture has to be designed in order to attempt specific properties such in the case of scaffold for tissue engineering. Traditional morphological characterization, like scanning electron microscopy, should be coupled with quantitative information such as pore size distribution (PSD) in order to get a deeper understanding of the influence of the porous structure on tissue regeneration processes and on other related applications, it is remarkable to study a quantitativ…

Photocrosslinkable polyaspartamide/polylactide copolymer and its porous scaffolds for chondrocytes

2017

With the aim to produce, by a simple and reproducible technique, porous scaffolds potentially employable for tissue engineering purposes, in this work, we have synthesized a methacrylate (MA) copolymer of α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-dl-aspartamide (PHEA) and polylactic acid (PLA). PHEA-PLA-MA has been dissolved in organic solvent at different concentrations in the presence of NaCl particles with different granulometry, and through UV irradiation and further salt leaching technique, various porous scaffolds have been prepared. Obtained samples have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy and their porosity has been evaluated as well as their degradation profile in aqueous medium in…

Reflection scanning microscopy.

1992

To image nontransparent samples we have utilized a special type of scanning-probe microscope that is referred to here as a reflection scanning microscope. The reflection scanning microscope provides a method for producing a scanned point light source as well as a system for collecting the light that is reflected by the sample. The system, which uses an optical fiber coupler, is easily installed on an existing photon scanning tunneling microscope. A calculation of the coupling coefficient between the natural propagation mode of the optical fiber and the light that is reflected by the sample is presented along with a comparison between calculated and measured values of the intensity of the li…

Imaging of surface plasmon propagation and edge interaction using a photon scanning tunneling microscope

1994

We report the direct imaging of surface plasmon propagation on thin silver films using the photon scanning tunneling microscope. It is found that the surface plasmon remains tightly confined in the original launch direction with insignificant scattering to other momentum states. A propagation length of 13.2 \ensuremath{\mu}m is measured at \ensuremath{\lambda}=632.8 nm. We also present images showing the interaction of a surface plasmon with the edge of the metal film supporting it. The most remarkable feature is the absence of specularly reflected beam.

Magnetic Domain Imaging with a Photoemission Microscope

1997

ABSTRACTPhotoelectron emission microscopy (PEEM) has proven to be a versatile analytical technique in surface science. When operated with circularly polarized light in the soft x-ray regime, however, photoemission microscopy offers a unique combination of magnetic and chemical information. Exploiting the high brilliance and circular polarization available at a helical undulator beamline, the lateral resolution in the imaging of magnetic domain structures may be pushed well into the sub-micrometer range. Using a newly designed photoemission microscope we show that under these circumstances not only domains, but also domain walls can be selectively investigated. The high sensitivity of the te…

A computer controlled patterning system for scanning probe microscopes

1999

Abstract A pattern generator system for lithography based on scanning force microscopes has been developed. Patterns to be miniaturized onto a chip can be scanned or drawn by any common graphical program. The pattern file is used to control a voltage simultaneously with the microscope probe scanning the surface of the substrate. The voltage can be used in numerous different ways to manipulate the substrate, depending on the lithographic method preferred. We have demonstrated the system by adding this voltage to the z -piezo voltage of the scanner, in order to make the probe plow the pattern into a film spinned on the sample. To maintain linearity in zooming in and rotating the scanning dire…

Enhanced photocatalytic performance of novel electrospun BN/TiO 2 composite nanofibers

2017

International audience; High activity boron nitride/titanium dioxide (BN/TiO2) composite nanofiber photocatalysts were synthesized for the first time via the electrospinning technique. The as-spun nanofibers with a controlled ratio of boron nitride nanosheets (BN) were calcined under air at 500 °C for 4 hours. Their morphological, structural and optical properties were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), BET surface area, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectrophotometry and room temperature photoluminescence (PL). The effect of loading different BN sheet amounts on the photocat…

XRMA analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis of dental enamel from human permanent teeth exposed to hydrogen peroxide of varying pH

2019

Background This in vitroinvestigation shows how 3.3% H2O2, at different pH-values affects the enamel. Material and Methods A number of fifteen human premolars were used. The enamel of the coronal half in six of the teeth, were exposed by H2O2. Nine teeth were prepared to enamel powder. The enamel was exposed to 3.3% H2O2, at six different pH-values (pH range 4.5 - 7.0). Analyses of the topography of enamel performed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the chemical composition of enamel by X-ray microanalysis (XRMA). X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysed the crystallinity in enamel powder. Results The exposure to H2O2 at pH5.5 resulted in a decrease of O in the exposed enamel, and ch…