Search results for "SHM"
showing 10 items of 400 documents
Principi di diritto penale: parte generale. Nona edizione riveduta e aggiornata
2020
Nona edizione della Parte generale dei Principi di diritto penale, di Antonio Pagliaro, riveduta e aggiornata da Vincenzo Militello, Manfredi Parodi Giusino e Alessandro Spena Ninth edition of Antonio Pagliaro' Principles of criminal law, General part, revised and updated by Vincenzo Militello, Manfredi Parodi Giusino e Alessandro Spena
Decreased presence of Langerhans cells is a critical determinant for Indian Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis.
2015
Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is the dermal sequel of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and occurs after apparent cure or alongside with VL. It is confined to South Asia (India, Nepal and Bangladesh) and East Africa (mainly Sudan), the incidence being 5-10% and 50-60% respectively. In South Asia, as the transmission of VL is anthroponotic, PKDL patients are the proposed disease reservoir, thus assuming epidemiological significance, its eradication being linked to the control of leishmaniasis. In the absence of an animal model and its low incidence, factors contributing towards the immunopathogenesis of PKDL remain an open-ended, yet pertinent question. This study delineated the lesio…
Proposer des révisions intersessions aux étudiants de 1ère année : quelles relations avec la réussite aux examens ?
2013
This paper assesses a revision programme proposed to unsuccessful students between the two examination sessions within the framework of the "Plan réussite en Licence" in first year at the University of Burgundy, both in terms of student participation and links with achievement. The low participation of students is not associated with particular student profiles. An analysis of the students' future shows that student participation in the revision programme led to a lower drop-out risk during the second examination session and greater success, but only as regards the examinations of the 2nd semester. It should also be noted that student participation also has positive effects in the mid-term …
A Hyaluronic acid-pentamidine bioconjugate as macrophage mediated drug targeting delivery system for the treatment of Leishmaniasis
2015
Leishmaniasis is still a serious public health problem worldwide, especially in tropical areas where this infectious disease is endemic. The most severe form of the disease (i.e. visceral) can claim victims if left untreated and the few accessible drugs have several drawbacks including major side effects and parenteral administration. In this context, the investigation of new delivery modalities which might reduce the toxicity and increase the bioavailability of the drugs currently on the market represents a valid strategy to counter these problems. Herein we present the development of a macrophage mediated drug targeting delivery system by conjugating the anti-leishmanial drug pentamidine …
Health sector spending and spending on HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria, and development assistance for health: progress towards Sustainable Devel…
2020
BACKGROUND: Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 aims to "ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages". While a substantial effort has been made to quantify progress towards SDG3, less research has focused on tracking spending towards this goal. We used spending estimates to measure progress in financing the priority areas of SDG3, examine the association between outcomes and financing, and identify where resource gains are most needed to achieve the SDG3 indicators for which data are available. METHODS: We estimated domestic health spending, disaggregated by source (government, out-of-pocket, and prepaid private) from 1995 to 2017 for 195 countries and territories. For …
The effectiveness of rural versus urban nonprofit organisations in the Democratic Republic of Congo
2017
The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is a country with high natural resources, but it has suffered from decades of civil wars and social turmoil, being heavily aid-dependent. In the DRC, several Nonprofit Organisations (NPOs) are major players in fighting poverty and enhancing welfare. This research aims to analyse the effectiveness of small NPOs in improving poor peoples’ lives through health, education, and economic activities. Two NPOs working in the DRC, one in a rural and the other in an urban area, are compared by researching the aid sites and surveying 201 households (aid beneficiaries). Our case observations and the survey results facilitate analysing the mission accomplishment, e…
Damned If You Do and Damned If You Don’t: Two Masters
2018
Available online: 05 June 2018 We study common agency problems in which two principals (groups) make costly commitments to incentives that are conditioned on imperfect signals of the agent's action. Our framework allows for incentives to be either rewards or punishments. For our basic model we obtain a unique equilibrium, which typically involves randomization by both principals. Greater similarity between principals leads to more aggressive competition. The principals weakly prefer punishment to rewards, sometimes strictly. With rewards an agent voluntarily joins both groups with punishment it depends on whether severe punishments are feasible and cheap for the principals. We study whether…
Coordinated Punishment and the Evolution of Cooperation
2015
In this paper, we analyze a team trust game with coordinated Q1 punishment of the allocator by investors and where there is also a final stage of peer punishment. We study the effect of punishment on the reward and the investment decisions, when the effectiveness and cost of coordinated punishment depend on the number of investors adhering to this activity. The interaction takes place in an overlapping-generations model with heterogeneous preferences and incomplete information. The only long-run outcomes of the dynamics are either a fully cooperative culture (FCC) with high levels of trust and cooperation and fair returns or a non-cooperative culture with no cooperation at all. The basin of…
Establishment size and task-specific wages: Evidence from historical contract data
2014
This study examines whether task-specific jobs are rewarded differently across establishments of different sizes and whether these rewards vary across distinct technologies. We found that the aggregate premium estimates on the impact of size on wages conceal significant differences between tasks and technologies and that these differences reflect unobserved individual heterogeneity. The role of self-selection of more productive workers into larger establishments is particularly substantial in the case of abstract tasks. peerReviewed
Blind justice: An experimental analysis of random punishment in team production
2010
We study the effect of blind punishment in a team production experiment, in which subjects choose non-observable effort levels. In this setting, a random exclusion mechanism is introduced, linked to the normalized group performance (R, from 0 to 1). Every round, each subject is non-excluded from the collective profit with probability R (and with probability 1 ! R gets no benefit from the group account). Punishment does not depend on the individual behavior, but the probability of being punished reflects collective performance. As the exclusion probability is computed at the group level, no individual information is needed to implement exclusion. However, the probabilistic punishment risks t…