Search results for "SHM"

2015

Characterization of host-pathogen interactions is a fundamental approach in microbiological and immunological oriented disciplines. It is commonly accepted that host cells start to change their phenotype after engulfing pathogens. Techniques such as real time PCR or ELISA were used to characterize the genes encoding proteins that are associated either with pathogen elimination or immune escape mechanisms. Most of such studies were performed in vitro using primary host cells or cell lines. Consequently, the data generated with such approaches reflect the global RNA expression or protein amount recovered from all cells in culture. This is justified when all host cells harbor an equal amount o…

Bienes públicos mundiales / Bienes comunes de la humanidad

2003

Ejemplar dedicado al XXV Aniversario de la Constitución Española

The IFN-γ-Inducible GTPase, Irga6, Protects Mice against Toxoplasma gondii but Not against Plasmodium berghei and Some Other Intracellular Pathogens

2011

Clearance of infection with intracellular pathogens in mice involves interferon-regulated GTPases of the IRG protein family. Experiments with mice genetically deficient in members of this family such as Irgm1(LRG-47), Irgm3(IGTP), and Irgd(IRG-47) has revealed a critical role in microbial clearance, especially for Toxoplasma gondii. The in vivo role of another member of this family, Irga6 (IIGP, IIGP1) has been studied in less detail. We investigated the susceptibility of two independently generated mouse strains deficient in Irga6 to in vivo infection with T. gondii, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Leishmania mexicana, L. major, Listeria monocytogenes, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Plasmodium …

The effects of collaboration and punishment on prospective memory performance in a group setting

2020

Contains fulltext : 225210.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Remembering to perform a delayed intention is termed prospective memory (PM). Often delayed intentions are shared by more than one person; however, there is a dearth of studies examining PM in social settings. We aimed to investigate whether the potential consequences of one's behavior across diverse group settings influence PM performance in event- and time-based tasks. A total of 207 participants were randomly allocated to either an individual, collaborative, or collaborative plus penalty motivation condition and were tested in a 2- or 3-person setting. For the time-based PM task, participants responded less timely in the…

IL-17 promotes progression of cutaneous leishmaniasis in susceptible mice.

2009

Abstract Resistance to leishmaniasis in C57BL/6 mice depends on Th1/Tc1 cells. BALB/c mice preferentially develop Th2 immunity and succumb to infection. We now assessed the role of IL-17 in cutaneous leishmaniasis. During the course of Leishmania major infection, BALB/c CD4 cells and neutrophils produced increased amounts of IL-17 as compared with cells from C57BL/6 mice. This increase was associated with significantly increased IL-23 release from L. major-infected BALB/c dendritic cells (DC), whereas IL-6 and TGF-β1 production by BALB/c and C57BL/6 DC were comparable. Interestingly, lesion sizes in infected IL-17-deficient BALB/c mice were dramatically smaller and failed to progress as com…

Establishment of a commercial organic hopyard in a Mediterranean environment: Production attributes and their relationship with soil texture

2023

The cultivated hops are recently moving towards new growing areas in Southern Europe, boosted by the increasing number of craft breweries and by the higher vulnerability to climate change observed, for this crop, in the traditional growing regions. Despite this clear market and geographic trend, there is a lack of knowledge about pedoclimatic needs and agronomic performances of hops grown in the Mediterranean environment. Particularly, the agronomic potential of a new hopyard during its establishment period is poorly studied even in traditional growing zones. Moreover, a restricted number of plants were usually sampled to gather the few data available, thus leading to a probable overestimat…

Peer Discipline and Incentives Within Groups

2014

We investigate how a collusive group can sustain non-Nash actions by enforcing internal discipline through costly peer punishment. We give a simple and tractable characterization of schemes that minimize discipline costs while preserving incentive compatibility. We apply the model to a public goods contribution problem. We find that if the per-capita benefit from the public good is low, then regardless of whether peer discipline is feasible or not only small groups will contribute to the good. If the public good benefit is significant but peer discipline is infeasible it remains the case that only small groups contribute. On the other hand, if the public good benefit is significant but peer…

Leishmaniasis mucocutánea labial, las apariencias pueden engañar.

2019

espanolLa leishmaniasis es una infeccion endemica en nuestro medio. Dentro de sus presentaciones, la forma mucocutanea es la menos frecuente. A pesar de ello se ha de tener en cuenta incluso en casos clinicamente sugestivos de patologia tumoral, como el que presentamos. EnglishLeishmaniasis is an endemic disease in the mediterranean region. Although mucocutaneous presentation is not frequent, we should considerate it in the differential diagnosis of tumoral pathology.

Las cuentas secuestradas

2004

Rapid quantitative method for measuring phagocytosis of Leishmania promastigotes using a double radiolabelling method.

1990

A double radiolabelling method is described for the measurement of phagocytosis of Leishmania major promastigotes in cultures of murine resident peritoneal macrophages. L. major promastigotes were radiolabelled during exponential growth in RPMI supplemented with [125I]5-iodo-2-deoxyuridine. They were used to infect sodium [51Cr]chromate-labelled macrophages. Phagocytosis was evaluated by measuring the radioactivity of the 125IUdR-labelled parasites detectable inside 51Cr-labelled macrophages by a Beckmann gamma 5500 counting system. This was able to count simultaneously, in two different windows the radioactivity of (a) the parasites and (b) the cells. The technique compares favorably with …