Search results for "SIMILARITY"

showing 10 items of 474 documents

Processing of a spoken narrative in the human brain is shaped by family cultural background

2020

ABSTRACTUsing neuroimaging, we studied influence of family cultural background on processing of an audiobook in human brain. The audiobook depicted life of two young Finnish men, one with the Finnish and the other with the Russian family background. Shared family cultural background enhanced similarity of narrative processing in the brain at prelexical, word, sentence, and narrative levels. Similarity was also enhanced in brain areas supporting imagery. The cultural background was further reflected as semantic differences in word lists by which the subjects described what had been on their minds when they heard the audiobook during neuroimaging. Strength of social identity shaped word, sent…

media_common.quotation_subject05 social sciencesHuman brain050105 experimental psychologyLinguisticsCultural background03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicine.anatomical_structureNeuroimagingMulticulturalismSimilarity (psychology)medicine0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesNarrativePsychologySocial identity theory030217 neurology & neurosurgerySentencemedia_common
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Semantics driven interaction using natural language in students tutoring

2007

The aim of this work is to introduce a semantic integration between an ontology and a chatbot in an Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) to interact with students using natural language. The interaction process is driven by the use of a purposely defined ontology. In the ontology two types of conceptual relations are defined. Besides the usual relations, which are used to define the domain's structure, another type of relation is used to define the navigation schema inside the ontology according to the need of managing uncertainty. Uncertainty level is related to student knowledge level about the involved concepts. In this work we propose an ITS for the Java programming language called TutorJ…

Ontology Inference LayerComputer sciencecomputer.internet_protocolOntology (information science)Semanticscomputer.software_genreOWL-SIntelligent tutoring systemsLatent semantic analysisNatural language dialogueSemantic driven interactionSemantic navigationSemantic similaritySemantic computingSchema (psychology)Upper ontologySemantic integrationSemantic compressionSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle Informazionisemantic navigationLatent semantic analysisbusiness.industryOntology-based data integrationKnowledge levelIntelligent Tutoring SystemsOntologylatent semantic analysisArtificial intelligencesemantic driven interactionbusinesscomputernatural language dialogueNatural language processing
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Operator (Quasi-)Similarity, Quasi-Hermitian Operators and All that

2016

Motivated by the recent developments of pseudo-Hermitian quantum mechanics, we analyze the structure generated by unbounded metric operators in a Hilbert space. To that effect, we consider the notions of similarity and quasi-similarity between operators and explore to what extent they preserve spectral properties. Then we study quasi-Hermitian operators, bounded or not, that is, operators that are quasi-similar to their adjoint and we discuss their application in pseudo-Hermitian quantum mechanics. Finally, we extend the analysis to operators in a partial inner product space (pip-space), in particular the scale of Hilbert space s generated by a single unbounded metric operator.

symbols.namesakeInner product spacePure mathematicsSimilarity (geometry)Operator (computer programming)Bounded functionMetric (mathematics)Hilbert spacesymbolsUnitary operatorHermitian matrix
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A methodology for assessing the effect of correlations among muscle synergy activations on task-discriminating information

2013

Delis, Ioannis | Berret, Bastien | Pozzo, Thierry | Panzeri, Stefano; International audience; ''Muscle synergies have been hypothesized to be the building blocks used by the central nervous system to generate movement. According to this hypothesis, the accomplishment of various motor tasks relies on the ability of the motor system to recruit a small set of synergies on a single-trial basis and combine them in a task-dependent manner. It is conceivable that this requires a fine tuning of the trial-to-trial relationships between the synergy activations. Here we develop an analytical methodology to address the nature and functional role of trial-to-trial correlations between synergy activation…

Fine-tuningComputer scienceInformation TheoryNeuroscience (miscellaneous)COMMUNICATIONInformation theorylcsh:RC321-571NATURAL MOTOR BEHAVIORSTask (project management)MOVEMENT03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neurosciencetask decoding0302 clinical medicinecorrelationsmuscle synergiesMATRIX FACTORIZATIONMotor systemSimilarity (psychology)NOISE CORRELATIONSOriginal Research ArticleSet (psychology)lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry030304 developmental biologysingle-trial analysis0303 health sciencesINDEPENDENCEbusiness.industry[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/NeuroscienceMATHEMATICAL-THEORYSIGNAL (programming language)CORTICAL-NEURONSINDEPENDENCE''Pattern recognitionNEURAL POPULATION[ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience''NATURAL MOTOR BEHAVIORSArtificial intelligenceNoise (video)SPINAL-CORDbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscience
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Harmonized benchmark labels of the hippocampus on magnetic resonance: The EADC-ADNI project

2015

Abstract Background A globally harmonized protocol (HarP) for manual hippocampal segmentation based on magnetic resonance has been recently developed by a task force from European Alzheimer's Disease Consortium (EADC) and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Our aim was to produce benchmark labels based on the HarP for manual segmentation. Methods Five experts of manual hippocampal segmentation underwent specific training on the HarP and segmented 40 right and left hippocampi from 10 ADNI subjects on both 1.5 T and 3 T scans. An independent expert visually checked segmentations for compliance with the HarP. Descriptive measures of agreement between tracers were intraclass cor…

MaleInservice TrainingEpidemiologyIntraclass correlationNeuroimagingHippocampusCellular and Molecular Neuroscienceddc:616.89Imaging Three-DimensionalDevelopmental NeuroscienceNeuroimagingSimilarity (network science)Alzheimer DiseasemedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansSegmentationCognitive DysfunctionHARPAgedAged 80 and overmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryHealth PolicyReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingPattern recognitionOrgan SizeMagnetic Resonance ImagingConfidence intervalPsychiatry and Mental healthBenchmark (computing)FemaleNeurology (clinical)Artificial intelligenceGeriatrics and GerontologyAtrophybusinessPsychologyNeuroscience
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Experimental Study of the Stage-Discharge Relationship for an Upstream Inclined Grid with Longitudinal Bars

2013

AbstractIn this paper, the outflow process of an upstream inclined grid with longitudinal bars is studied by using the dimensional analysis and the incomplete self-similarity theory. Next, the theoretical analysis shows that a power equation can be used for establishing the stage-discharge equation. The coefficient and an exponent of the power equation depend on the slope angle and the void ratio. Finally, this new stage discharge is tested by using measurements obtained by laboratory runs conducted in this investigation.

Slope angleEngineeringEfflusso griglieSelf-similaritybusiness.industryMechanicsGridAgricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)ExponentSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-ForestaliUpstream (networking)OutflowStage (hydrology)Grid systembusinessSimulationWater Science and TechnologyCivil and Structural EngineeringJournal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
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Control Structures in Motivational Psychology

1996

Abstract Motivational processes in psychology have been interpreted from many different viewpoints. In the general case, they present an information feedback structure, with goals and disturbances, in a similar way most control systems behave. In this contribution, this similarity is analysed and examples of motivational processes corresponding to the most common control system structures are given. This comparison will be fruitful from both sides: to explore a new field of control theory application and to provide a new framework to the analysis of these complex processes.

Cognitive scienceControl theory (sociology)Structure (mathematical logic)business.industryControl systemField (Bourdieu)Similarity (psychology)Artificial intelligenceControl (linguistics)ViewpointsPsychologybusinessInformation feedbackIFAC Proceedings Volumes
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Translingual text mining for identification of language pair phenomena

2016

Translingual Text Mining (TTM) is an innovative technology of natural language processing for building multilingual parallel corpora, processing machine translation, contextual knowledge acquisition, information extraction, query profiling, language modeling, contextual word sensing, creating feature test sets and for variety of other purposes. The Keynote Lecture will discuss opportunities and challenges of this computational technology. In particular, the focus will be made on identification of language pair phenomena and their applications to building holistic language model which is a novel tool for processing machine translation, supporting professional translations, evaluation of tran…

Machine translationLanguage identificationComputer sciencebusiness.industry05 social sciencessimilarity metrics02 engineering and technologycomputer.software_genre050105 experimental psychologycomputational linguisticsmultilingual information retrievalUniversal Networking LanguageCache language modelLanguage technology0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringComputer-assisted translation020201 artificial intelligence & image processing0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesinformation extractionLanguage modelArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerLanguage industryNatural language processing2016 Sixth International Conference on Innovative Computing Technology (INTECH)
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Generalised stage-discharge relationship for rectangular weirs

2018

Rectangular weirs, which are very common hydraulic structures used in irrigation channels as water measuring devices, can be used for measuring very small discharges as well as high flow rates. From the practical point of view the availability of a unique stage-discharge formula that can be applied for the different types of the rectangular weirs would be of great practical importance. At first, in this paper the Buckingham’s Theorem of the dimensional analysis and the self-similarity theory are used to deduce the stage-discharge curve of different kinds of rectangular weirs such as slit and partially contracted ones. Then the proposed formula is calibrated using both the experimental data …

Sharp-crested weir Rectangular weir stage-discharge relationship dimensional analysis self-similaritySettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-Forestali
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Capturing gypsum rillenkarren morphometry by a 3D-photo reconstruction (3D-PR) technique

2020

Abstract Rillenkarren are small scale, straight, narrow solution channels that head at the crest of a bare rock slope and are extinguished downslope. In this paper the applicability of 3D-photo reconstruction technique of the rock surface is proposed for capturing the rillenkarren morphometry on gypsum. At first, the measurements are used to assess a relationship between the width/depth ratio and the depth of the rillenkarren. The exponent of this power relationship resulted different from the theoretical value - 0.5, confirming that the cross-section profiles of a rillenkarren can have a shape different from parabolic. The analysis developed for the cross-section area, the perimeter and th…

RillenkarrenSimilarity (geometry)010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesScale (ratio)Feature (archaeology)Close-range photogrammetryMorphometryGeometryRadius010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesErosionCrestPoint (geometry)3D-photo reconstructionGeology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEarth-Surface ProcessesDimensionless quantity
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