Search results for "SIMILARITY"
showing 10 items of 474 documents
Sobre el origen de la cognición
2008
El presente artículo se ocupa de examinar dos teorías sobre el origen de la cognición. La primera de ellas es una teoría neurobiológica de los autores V. Mountcastle y J. Hawkins, pero trabajando independientemente el uno del otro. La segunda teoría pertenece a la Psicología Cognitiva y es de D. Gentner. Es interesante comprobar la fuerte congruencia que existe entre ambas teorías a pesar de tener, naturalmente, metodologías totalmente diferentes. Por dos caminos distintos se llega a postular la analogía y sus mecanismos como el principal elemento de la cognición. El presente trabajo da razones para contemplar la analogía como la causa principal del origen del conocimiento en el niño/a. Ade…
APPLICATIONS OF DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS AND SIMILARITY THEORY IN HYDRAULICS
2018
Technological process, however complex, can be broken down into a succession of distinct component processes, in which the input materials undergo changes in shape (mechanical processes), pressure, temperature, concentration, state of aggregation (physical processes) or structure molecular (chemical and biochemical processes). The unitary operations of most process phases in process industries are based on three fundamental processes: pulse transfer, heat transfer, and mass transfer
Do Diacritical Marks Play a Role at the Early Stages of Word Recognition in Arabic?
2016
Published: 22 August 2016 A crucial question in the domain of visual word recognition is whether letter similarity plays a role in the early stages of visual word processing. Here we focused on Arabic because in this language there are various groups of letters that share the same basic shape and only differ in the number/location of diacritical points. We conducted a masked priming lexical decision experiment in which a target word was preceded by: (i) an identity prime; (ii) a prime in which the critical letter was replaced by a letter with the same shape that differed in the number of diacritics (e.g., ); or (iii) a prime in which the critical letter was replaced by a letter with differe…
Modelling of rotations by using matrix solutions of nonlinear wave equations
2007
A family of matrix solutions of nonlinear wave equations is extended and its application to modelling is given. It is shown that a similarity transformation, induced by the matrix solution, is equivalent to the rotation. Matrix solutions are used for modelling helical motions and vortex rings, simultaneous rotations and particles collision, mapping contraction and pulsating spheres. Geometrical interpretation of the doubling of rotation angle in each step of sequential mapping contraction is given. First Published Online: 14 Oct 2010
Processing of a spoken narrative in the human brain is shaped by family cultural background
2020
ABSTRACTUsing neuroimaging, we studied influence of family cultural background on processing of an audiobook in human brain. The audiobook depicted life of two young Finnish men, one with the Finnish and the other with the Russian family background. Shared family cultural background enhanced similarity of narrative processing in the brain at prelexical, word, sentence, and narrative levels. Similarity was also enhanced in brain areas supporting imagery. The cultural background was further reflected as semantic differences in word lists by which the subjects described what had been on their minds when they heard the audiobook during neuroimaging. Strength of social identity shaped word, sent…
Psychology of Gender
2013
Throughout the history of philosophy authors have used claims about women’s deficient psychological capacities in order to justify their inferior position in society. Likewise, male and female defenders of women have most often based their arguments on claims about psychological equality, if not similarity, between the sexes. This chapter traces the major developments and shifts in philosophical discussions about gendered aspects of the soul from Antiquity until the Enlightenment.
Culture and odor categorization : agreement between cultures depends upon the odors
2003
This study evaluated the effect of culture on the relationship between psychological dimensions underlying odor perception and odor categorization. In a first experiment, French, Vietnamese and American participants rated several perceptual dimensions of everyday odorants, and sorted these odorants on the basis of their similarity. Results showed that the three groups of participants differed in their perceptual judgments but agreed in categorizing the odors into four consensual groups (floral, sweet, bad, and nature). Three dimensions––pleasantness, edibility, cosmetic acceptability––discriminated these groups in the same way in the three countries. In a second experiment, the participants…
"Bad romance": Links between psychological and physical aggression and relationship functioning in adolescent couples
2015
Contains fulltext : 150442.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Assortative mating is an important issue in explaining antisocial, aggressive behavior. It is yet unclear, whether the similarity paradigm fully explains frequent displays of aggression in adolescents' romantic relationships. In a sample of 194 romantic partner dyads, differences between female and male partners' reports of aggression (psychological and physical) and different measures of relationship functioning (e.g., jealousy, conflicts, and the affiliative and romantic quality of the relationship) were assessed. A hierarchical cluster analysis identified five distinct subgroups of dyads based on male and female reports …
Data from: Propagule pressure increase and phylogenetic diversity decrease community’s susceptibility to invasion
2017
Invasions pose a large threat to native species, but the question of why some species are more invasive, and some communities more prone to invasions than others, is far from solved. Using ten different three-species bacterial communities, we tested experimentally if the phylogenetic relationships between an invader and a resident community and propagule pressure affect invasion probability. We found that greater diversity in phylogenetic distances between the resident community members and the invader lowered invasion success, and higher propagule pressure increased invasion success whereas phylogenetic distance had no clear effect. In the later stages of invasion phylogenetic diversity ha…
Data from: Gauging scale effects and biogeographical signals in similarity distance decay analyses: an Early Jurassic ammonite case study
2017
In biogeography, the similarity distance decay (SDD) relationship refers to the decrease in compositional similarity between communities with geographical distance. Although representing one of the most widely used relationships in biogeography, a review of the literature reveals that: (1) SDD is influenced by both spatial extent and sample size; (2) the potential effect of the phylogenetic level has yet to be tested; (3) the effect of a marked biogeographical structuring upon SDD patterns is largely unknown; and (4) the SDD relationship is usually explored with modern, mainly terrestrial organisms, whereas fossil taxa are seldom used in that perspective. Using this relationship, we explore…