Search results for "SIMILARITY"

showing 10 items of 474 documents

Assessing, measuring and modelling erosion in calanchi areas: A review

2016

Calanchi are erosion landforms characterised by a heavily dissected terrain with steep, unvegetated slopes and channels with a dendritic pattern, which rapidly incise and extend headwards. Recent literature focusing on badland systems highlights their similarity with other larger fluvial landforms, stating that these behave as a full size laboratory, due to their rapid development in space and time and to the diversity of geomorphic processes involved. In this paper, a brief review of the most important results on badland research is firstly presented. Then, the morphometric similarity between calanchi and other erosion landforms is discussed. Finally, models quantitatively relating the vol…

BadlandCalanchiDimensional analysi010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences0208 environmental biotechnologydimensional analysisFluvialTerrainBioengineering02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlcsh:AgricultureMorphometric analysiself-similarity.TributaryGeotechnical engineeringlcsh:Agriculture (General)Geomorphology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categorymorphometric analysisLandformMechanical Engineeringlcsh:Sbadlandslcsh:S1-972020801 environmental engineeringSelf-similarityMorphometric analysisErosionSoil erosionBadlands; Calanchi; Dimensional analysis; Morphometric analysis; Self-similarity; Soil erosion; Bioengineering; Mechanical Engineering; Industrial and Manufacturing EngineeringGeology
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Micro-investment perspective and the potential of the universal basic income

2018

In this article, we explore the prospects of Basic Income (BI) as a development policy tool. Our approach is to analyse the BI as a tool for promoting micro-investments and as a general development policy instrument, thus deliberately departing from the perception of cash transfers as targeted poverty reduction tools. As experiences in testing BI systems in developing country contexts are limited to local and regional experiments in Namibia and India (Haarmann et al., 2009; Haarmann & Haarmann, 2012; Davala et al., 2015), conclusive assessments about the impacts of the BI cannot be drawn. Therefore, we aim to estimate potential impacts of the BI by synthesising existing knowledge. This esti…

Basic incomeCash transfersEconomic growthinequalityInequalitypilot programmes050204 development studiesmedia_common.quotation_subjectGeography Planning and Developmentmicro-investmentsocial cash transfersDeveloping countryManagement Monitoring Policy and LawDevelopment0502 economics and businessSimilarity (psychology)Economicspilotointi050207 economicsmedia_commonEstimationPublic economicsperustulo05 social sciencesmikroinvestoinnitta5142kansalaispalkkaInvestment (macroeconomics)investoinnitbasic incomeCasheriarvoisuusDevelopment Policy Review
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Overland flow hydrodynamic characteristics in rough beds at low Reynolds numbers

2022

This paper considers overland flow resistance at low Reynolds numbers through analysis of experimental runs carried out using water only and water/glycerol mixtures. We first examined the power relationship between the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor f and the Reynolds number Re to obtain the values of the K coefficient and b exponent. These results confirmed the applicability of the values of b suggested in literature, while K required a specific calibration for laminar open-channel flows. The analysis revealed that transition from a laminar to turbulent flow regime for water only flows occurred at a threshold value of Re equal to 500 as described historically. The estimate of f by the powe…

Bed roughneSelf-similarityDimensional analysiMixed flowFlow resistanceVelocity profileSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-ForestaliWater Science and TechnologyJournal of Hydrology
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Matching beer with food : pairing principles, underlying mechanisms and a focus on aromatic similarity

2018

Pairing between beer and dishes emerges as a new trend in France. Beer promoters or gastronomy professionals need to offer high-quality advices in terms of beer and food pairing to their customers. Within this context, the objective of the research was to identify pairing principles and to better understand the underlying perceptual mechanisms. Determinants of food and beverage pairing were first analysed from experts’ discourses. Results showed that food and beverage pairings are governed by perceptual, conceptual and affective features, related to physio-chemical, perceptual and cognitive processes. Experts often mentioned “Aromatic Similarity” as one of the main pairing principles. This …

Beer and food pairingPrincipes d'association[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychologyaccord d'associationbièreSimilarité aromatiqueComplexité sensorielle[SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/PsychologyPsychologie (Sciences cognitives)metFood and Nutritiontheseprincipe de coexistenceharmonisationPairing principlesAromatic similarityHarmoniebeer and food pairing;pairing principles;aromatic similarity;harmony;sensory complexity;likingAppréciationAssociation bière et metsaccord aromatiqueHarmonySensory complexitytrouble sensoriel[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/PsychologyAlimentation et NutritionLiking[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
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Dissimilarity Application for Medical Imaging Classification

2005

In the traditional way of learning from examples of objects the classifiers are built in a feature space. However, alternative ways can be found by constructing decision rules on dissimilarity (distance) representations. In such a recognition process a new object is described by its distances to (a subset of) die training samples. The use of the dissimilarities is especially of interest when features are difficult to obtain or when they have a little discriminative power. Purpose of this work is the development of an automatic classification system which could be useful for radiologists in the investigation of breast cancer. The software has been designed in the framework of the MAGIC-5 col…

Breast cancerDissimilarityComputer assisted diagnosiComputer aided diagnosimammographyCo-occurrence matrixMedical image processingimage segmentationNeural network
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Investigating Centrality Measures in Social Networks with Community Structure

2021

Centrality measures are crucial in quantifying the influence of the members of a social network. Although there has been a great deal of work dealing with this issue, the vast majority of classical centrality measures are agnostic of the community structure characterizing many social networks. Recent works have developed community-aware centrality measures that exploit features of the community structure information encountered in most real-world complex networks. In this paper, we investigate the interactions between 5 popular classical centrality measures and 5 community-aware centrality measures using 8 real-world online networks. Correlation as well as similarity measures between both t…

Bridging (networking)Social networkExploitbusiness.industryComputer scienceNode (networking)Community structure02 engineering and technologyComplex networkData science[INFO.INFO-SI]Computer Science [cs]/Social and Information Networks [cs.SI][INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG]020204 information systemsSimilarity (psychology)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingbusinessCentralityComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Influence of Mitoxantrone on the Syntheses of Dna and Proteins of Mouse Tissues

1991

In view of the structural similarity of mitoxantrone to anthracyclines and its ability to intercalate into DNA, we studied its influence on the synthetic processes of DNA and proteins in CD-1 mice tissues. By studying at the DNA level the impairment of 2H-thymidine incorporation and its return to normal, it was found that bone marrow and spleen showed similar behavior, i.e., a rapid return to normal, which occurred before bone marrow cell number and spleen weight returned to basal values. At the cardiac level, the incorporation values of precursors into DNA, reduced by treatment with mitoxantrone, came back very slowly to the control ones. Hepatic DNA showed a lower sensitivity to mitoxant…

Cancer ResearchStructural similarityMuscle ProteinsSpleen030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingMice03 medical and health sciencesBasal (phylogenetics)chemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineBone MarrowmedicineAnimalsDoxorubicinMitoxantroneCumulative doseChemistryMyocardiumHeartDNAGeneral MedicineMolecular biologymedicine.anatomical_structureLiverOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisBone marrowMitoxantroneSpleenDNAmedicine.drugTumori Journal
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Experimental Study of Central Baffle Flume

2019

In this paper, the hydraulics of a central baffle flume (CBF) were experimentally studied. Extensive experimental runs were carried out to highlight the effects of different geometrical parameters such as baffle length, contraction ratio, and the length of upstream and downstream guide walls. Two different approaches, i.e., the Π theorem of dimensional analysis coupled with the incomplete self-similarity theory and the energy balance equation, were applied to deduce the stage–discharge formula of a CBF characterized by different geometrical parameters. The stage–discharge relationship deduced by the dimensional analysis approach was more accurate than that obtained by the energy approach. F…

Central baffle flumeHydraulicsOptimal design of CBFStage–discharge formula0207 environmental engineeringBaffle02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesAgricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)Buckingham’s theoremlaw.invention010309 opticsFlumelaw0103 physical sciencesSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-Forestali020701 environmental engineeringIncomplete self-similarityGeologyWater Science and TechnologyCivil and Structural EngineeringMarine engineering
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On the approximation of the similarity-transformed Hamiltonian in single-reference and multireference coupled cluster theory

2012

Abstract We consider the recursive single commutator (RSC) approximation of the Baker–Campbell–Hausdorff expansion introduced by Yanai and Chan [T. Yanai, G.K.-L. Chan, J. Chem. Phys. 124 (2006) 194106] and apply it in order to approximate the similarity transformation of the Hamiltonian in both traditional and unitary coupled cluster theory. The equilibrium bond distance, harmonic vibrational frequency, and anharmonic constant of H2, HF, N2, CuH, and Cu2 were computed using the coupled cluster approach with single and double excitations (CCSD) and CCSD with the RSC approximation of the similarity-transformed Hamiltonian (CCSD-RSC). Our results demonstrate that the RSC approximation introdu…

ChemistryAnharmonicityGeneral Physics and AstronomyPotential energyMatrix similarityBond lengthsymbols.namesakeCoupled clusterQuantum mechanicsMolecular vibrationPotential energy surfacesymbolsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Chemical Physics
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An Optimized Design of Choice Experiments: A New Approach for Studying Decision Behavior in Choice Task Experiments

2014

In this paper, we present a new approach for the optimal experimental design problem of generating diagnostic choice tasks, where the respondent's decision strategy can be unambiguously deduced from the observed choice. In this new approach, we applied a genetic algorithm that creates a one-to-one correspondence between a set of predefined decision strategies and the alternatives of the choice task; it also manipulates the characteristics of the choice tasks. In addition, this new approach takes into account the measurement errors that can occur when the preferences of the decision makers are being measured. The proposed genetic algorithm is capable of generating diagnostic choice tasks eve…

Choice setOperationalizationSociology and Political Sciencebusiness.industryComputer scienceStrategy and ManagementGeneral Decision SciencesContrast (statistics)Space (commercial competition)Machine learningcomputer.software_genreTask (project management)Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Similarity (psychology)Genetic algorithmArtificial intelligenceSet (psychology)businesscomputerApplied PsychologyJournal of Behavioral Decision Making
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