Search results for "SIMULATION"

showing 10 items of 5095 documents

Diffusion of neutrons by a slab of moderating material: an application of the Monte Carlo Method

2004

An application of the Monte Carlo method to the diffusion of neutrons passing through a slab of a moderating material is presented. This method can be used as a tool to improve the student's comprehension of the statistical properties of many particle systems, showing the necessity of simulation procedures to obtain information on the expected results of real experiments. We have chosen a very simple example to illustrate it: the evaluation of the transmission, reflection and absorption probabilities of a monochromatic beam of neutrons diffusing through a slab of a moderator material. After a collision with a nucleus of the moderator the neutron may be either elastically scattered or captur…

PhysicsParticle systembusiness.industryMonte Carlo methodGeneral Physics and AstronomyComputational physicsOpticsTransmission (telecommunications)SIMULATIONReflection (physics)SlabNeutronDiffusion (business)Nuclear ExperimentAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)business
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Synchronized rotation in swarms of magnetotactic bacteria.

2017

Self-organizing behavior has been widely reported in both natural and artificial systems, typically distinguishing between temporal organization (synchronization) and spatial organization (swarming). Swarming has been experimentally observed in systems of magnetotactic bacteria under the action of external magnetic fields. Here we present a model of ensembles of magnetotactic bacteria in which hydrodynamic interactions lead to temporal synchronization in addition to the swarming. After a period of stabilization during which the bacteria form a quasiregular hexagonal lattice structure, the entire swarm begins to rotate in a direction opposite to the direction of the rotation of the magnetic …

PhysicsPeriodicityMagnetotactic bacteriaRotationMovementSwarming (honey bee)Swarm behaviourRotationBacterial Physiological Phenomena01 natural sciencesModels BiologicalQuantitative Biology::Cell Behavior010305 fluids & plasmasMagnetic fieldMagnetic Fields0103 physical sciencesArtificial systemsHydrodynamicsHexagonal latticeComputer SimulationTemporal organization010306 general physicsBiological systemPhysical review. E
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Transparent Boundary Condition for Oseen-Frank Model. Application for NLC Cells With Patterned Electrodes

2015

In the present work a novel application of Transparent Boundary Conditions (TBC) to nematic liquid crystal cells (NLCC) with planar alignment and a patterned electrode is studied. This device is attracting great interest since it allows soliton steering by optically and externally induced waveguides. We employ the continuum Oseen-Frank theory to find the tilt and twist angle distributions in the cell under the one-constant approximation. The electric field distribution takes into account the whole 2D permittivity tensor for the transverse coordinates. Standard finite difference time domain methods together with an iterative method is applied to find an approximate solution to our coupled pr…

PhysicsPermittivityHistorySPATIAL SOLITONSIterative methodCONSTANTSWAVESFinite-difference time-domain methodSoliton (optics)Computer Science ApplicationsEducationClassical mechanicsPlanarLIGHTLiquid crystalDIRECTORElectric fieldSIMULATIONSCHRODINGER-EQUATIONBoundary value problemNEMATIC LIQUID-CRYSTALSMATEMATICA APLICADA
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Comparison between observation and simulation of sodium LGS return flux with a 20W CW laser on Tenerife

2016

We report on the comparison between observations and simulations of a completed 12-month field observation campaign at Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife, using ESO's transportable 20 watt CW Wendelstein laser guide star system. This mission has provided sodium photon return flux measurements of unprecedented detail regarding variation of laser power, polarization and sodium D2b repumping. The Raman fiber laser and projector technology are very similar to that employed in the 4LGSF/AOF laser facility, recently installed and commissioned at the VLT in Paranal. The simulations are based on the open source LGSBloch density matrix simulation package and we find good overall agreement with experim…

PhysicsPhoton010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesComputer simulationbusiness.industryPolarization (waves)Laser01 natural scienceslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeLaser guide starOpticslawFiber laser0103 physical sciencessymbolsLaser power scalingbusinessRaman spectroscopy010303 astronomy & astrophysics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesAdaptive Optics Systems V
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Acoustic Wave Properties in Footpoints of Coronal Loops in 3D MHD Simulations

2021

Acoustic waves excited in the photosphere and below might play an integral part in the heating of the solar chromosphere and corona. However, it is yet not fully clear how much of the initially acoustic wave flux reaches the corona and in what form. We investigate the wave propagation, damping, transmission, and conversion in the lower layers of the solar atmosphere using 3D numerical MHD simulations. A model of a gravitationally stratified expanding straight coronal loop, stretching from photosphere to photosphere, is perturbed at one footpoint by an acoustic driver with a period of 370 seconds. For this period acoustic cutoff regions are present below the transition region (TR). About 2% …

PhysicsPhotosphere010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaSolar physics Solar atmosphere Solar oscillations Solar coronal waves Solar chromosphere Solar coronal loops Magnetohydrodynamical simulations MagnetohydrodynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAcoustic waveCoronal loop01 natural sciencesCoronaComputational physicsStanding waveAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary Science0103 physical sciencesCutoffAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsMagnetohydrodynamics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsChromosphereSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)0105 earth and related environmental sciencesThe Astrophysical Journal
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Modelling systems of classical/quantum identical particles by focusing on algorithms

2012

A procedure modelling ideal classical and quantum gases is discussed. The proposed approach is mainly based on the idea that modelling and algorithm analysis can provide a deeper understanding of particularly complex physical systems. Appropriate representations and physical models able to mimic possible pseudo-mechanisms of functioning and having predictive validity are developed.

PhysicsPhysical modelIdeal (set theory)Quantum gasSettore FIS/08 - Didattica E Storia Della FisicaMonte Carlo methodPhysical systemGeneral Physics and AstronomysimulationModellingclassical/quantum identical particleStatistical physicsQuantumAlgorithmEnergy (signal processing)Identical particlesEuropean Journal of Physics
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A multiscale approach to liquid flows in pipes I: The single pipe

2012

Abstract In the present paper we study the propagation of pressure waves in a barotropic flow through a pipe, with a possibly varying cross-sectional area. The basic model is the Saint–Venant system. We derive two multiscale models for the cases of weak and strong damping, respectively, which describe the time evolution of the piezometric head and the velocity. If the damping is weak, then the corresponding first-order hyperbolic system is linear but contains an additional integro-differential equation that takes into account the damping. In the case of strong damping, the system is nonlinear. The full and multiscale models are compared numerically; we also discuss results obtained by a lar…

PhysicsPipe flowWater hammerApplied MathematicsTime evolutionMechanicsPipe flow; Saint-Venant equations; multiscale analysis; water-hammer; pressure wavesmultiscale analysisPipe flowwater-hammerComputational MathematicsNonlinear systemHydraulic headFlow (mathematics)pressure wavesBarotropic fluidSaint-Venant equationsShallow water equationsSimulation
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Turbulence structure and budgets in curved pipes

2013

Abstract Turbulent flow in curved pipes was investigated by Direct Numerical Simulation. Three curvatures δ (pipe radius a /curvature radius c ) were examined: δ  = 0 (straight pipe), simulated for validation and comparison purposes; δ  = 0.1; and δ  = 0.3. The friction velocity Reynolds number (based on the pipe radius a ) was 500 in all cases, yielding bulk Reynolds numbers of ∼17,000, ∼15,000 and ∼12,000 for δ  = 0, 0.1 and 0.3, respectively. The computational domain was ten pipe radii in length and was resolved by up to 20 × 10 6 hexahedral finite volumes. The time step was chosen equal to a wall time unit; 1 Large Eddy TurnOver Time (LETOT) was thus resolved by 500 time steps and simul…

PhysicsPlug flowGeneral Computer ScienceTurbulenceDirect Numerical SimulationGeneral EngineeringDirect numerical simulationCurved pipeReynolds numberLaminar flowMechanicsCurved pipe;Direct Numerical Simulation;Turbulence budget;Turbulent flowCurvatureVortexTurbulent flowPhysics::Fluid Dynamicssymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsTurbulence budgetsymbolsShear velocitySettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti Nucleari
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Noise delayed decay of unstable states: theory versus numerical simulations

2004

We study the noise delayed decay of unstable nonequilibrium states in nonlinear dynamical systems within the framework of the overdamped Brownian motion model. We give the exact expressions for the decay times of unstable states for polynomial potential profiles and obtain nonmonotonic behavior of the decay times as a function of the noise intensity for the unstable nonequilibrium states. The analytical results are compared with numerical simulations.

PhysicsPolynomialStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyNoise intensityNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsFunction (mathematics)Nonlinear dynamical systemsnumerical simulationsBrownian motion modelStatistical physicsCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsMathematical PhysicsNoise (radio)
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Adiabatic quantum simulation with a segmented ion trap: Application to long-distance entanglement in quantum spin systems

2013

We investigate theoretically systems of ions in segmented linear Paul traps for the quantum simulation of quantum spin models with tunable interactions. The scheme is entirely general and can be applied to the realization of arbitrary spin-spin interactions. As a specific application we discuss in detail the quantum simulation of models that exhibit long-distance entanglement in the ground state. We show how tailoring of the axial trapping potential allows for generating spin-spin coupling patterns that are suitable to create long-distance entanglement. We discuss how suitable sequences of microwave pulses can implement Trotter expansions and realize various kinds of effective spin-spin int…

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsQuantum discordCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsQuantum sensorFOS: Physical sciencesQuantum simulatorQuantum entanglementQuantum imaging01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010305 fluids & plasmas3. Good healthQuantum mechanicsMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesQuantum metrologyQuantum algorithmQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsAmplitude damping channelquantum simulationPhysical Review A
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