Search results for "SIMULATION"
showing 10 items of 5095 documents
Scale-free relaxation of a wave packet in a quantum well with power-law tails
2013
We propose a setup for which a power-law decay is predicted to be observable for generic and realistic conditions. The system we study is very simple: A quantum wave packet initially prepared in a potential well with (i) tails asymptotically decaying like ~ x^{-2} and (ii) an eigenvalues spectrum that shows a continuous part attached to the ground or equilibrium state. We analytically derive the asymptotic decay law from the spectral properties for generic, confined initial states. Our findings are supported by realistic numerical simulations for state-of-the-art expansion experiments with cold atoms.
Monte Carlo dosimetry of the Buchler high dose rate 192Ir source.
2001
In this study a complete set of dosimetric data is presented for the high dose rate (HDR) source from Amersham used in the Buchler remote afterloading HDR unit. These data have been calculated by means of the Monte Carlo simulation code GEANT taking into account the detailed geometry of the source. Absolute dose rate distributions in water were calculated around this source and are presented as conventional 2D Cartesian look-up tables. All dosimetric quantities recommended by the AAPM Task Group 43 report have been calculated. Quantities determined are: dose rate constant, radial dose function, anisotropy function, anisotropy factor and anisotropy constant. The dose rate distributions of th…
KINETICS OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LIMITED BY RANDOM VELOCITY FIELDS
2008
A spherical growth process controlled by velocity fluctuations of particles of a saturated solution is investigated. Velocity fluctuations are modeled by a Gaussian random field. The interface evolution is determined by a Langevin-type equation with a multiplicative random field, which in the case of the quasi-homogeneous random Gaussian field is equivalent to Fokker–Planck dynamics. We analyze numerically the Fokker–Planck equation and compare growth kinetics in the case of noisy (i.e. space-independent) fluctuations. It is shown that for a large class of spatially correlated velocity fluctuations, the growth kinetics is universal, i.e. it does not depend on the details of statistics of f…
Energy loss measurement of protons in liquid water
2011
The proton stopping power of liquid water was, for the first time, measured in the energy range 4.7-15.2 MeV. The proton energies were determined by the time-of-flight transmission technique with the microchannel plate detectors, which were especially developed for timing applications. The results are compared to the literature values (from ICRU Report 49 (1993) and Janni's tabulation (1982 At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 27 147-339)) which are based on Bethe's formula and an agreement is found within the experimental uncertainty of 4.6%. Thus, earlier reported discrepancy between the experimental and literature stopping power values at lower energies was not observed at the energies considered …
Dosimetric characteristics of backscattered electrons in lead.
2000
In electron beam therapy, tissue overdose due to electrons backscattered from lead has been profusely studied. To quantify this dose enhancement effect, an electron backscatter factor (EBF) was defined as the ratio of dose at the tissue-inhomogeneity interface with and without the scatterer present. The dependence of the EBF on energy at the scatterer surface is not well known for energies lower than 3 MeV which is the most frequent clinical situation. In this work, we have done Monte Carlo calculations with the GEANT code to study EBF in lead at this energy range. The applicability of this code and the developed procedure for dose estimation has been experimentally verified. The dependence…
Instabilities of concentration stripe patterns in ferrocolloids
1999
Equations describing the kinetics of the phase separation in ferrocolloids in a Hele-Shaw cell under the action of a rotating magnetic field are proposed. Numerical simulation on the basis of a pseudospectral technique demonstrates that upon the action of a rotating field on a magnetic colloid which undergoes the phase separation a periodical system of stripes parallel to the plane of a rotating magnetic field stripes is created. The period of a structure found numerically satisfactorily corresponds to the one calculated on the basis of the energy minimum. Thus, the undulation instability leading to the formation of chevron structures takes place if the tangential component of a rotating ma…
Diffusion of magnetotactic bacterium in rotating magnetic field
2011
Swimming trajectory of a magnetotactic bacterium in a rotating magnetic field is a circle. Random reversals of the direction of the bacterium motion induces a random walk of the curvature center of the trajectory. In assumption of the distribution of the switching events according to the Poisson process the diffusion coefficient is calculated in dependence on the frequency of the rotating field and the characteristic time between the switching events. It is confirmed by the numerical simulation of the random walk of the bacterium in the rotating magnetic field.
Magnetic micro-droplet in rotating field: numerical simulation and comparison with experiment
2017
Magnetic droplets obtained by induced phase separation in a magnetic colloid show a large variety of shapes when exposed to an external field. However, the description of shapes is often limited. Here we formulate an algorithm based on three dimensional boundary-integral equations for strongly magnetic droplets in a high-frequency rotating magnetic field, allowing us to find their figures of equilibrium in three dimensions. The algorithm is justified by a series of comparisons with known analytical results. We compare the calculated equilibrium shapes with experimental observations and find a good agreement. The main features of these observations are the oblate-prolate transition, the flat…
Diffusion in active magnetic colloids
2013
Abstract Properties of active colloids of circle swimmers are reviewed. As a particular example of active magnetic colloids the magnetotactic bacteria under the action of a rotating magnetic field is considered. The relation for a diffusion coefficient due to the random switching of the direction of rotation of their rotary motors is derived on the basis of the master equation. The obtained relation is confirmed by the direct numerical simulation of random trajectory of a magnetotactic bacterium under the action of the Poisson type internal noise due to the random switching of rotary motors. The results obtained are in qualitative and quantitative agreement with the available experimental r…
Parametric excitation of bending deformations of a rod by periodic twist
2013
A model of a semiflexible magnetic filament with magnetization frozen in the direction perpendicular to the tangent of its center line is formulated. It is shown that if the rod is magnetized at its ends in opposite directions, an AC magnetic field causes parametric excitation of bending deformations. Neutral curves of parametric excitation are calculated both analytically and numerically. The shapes arising upon parametric excitation of bending deformations are chiral. Periodic rotation of the chiral filament due to nonhomogeneous twist in a nonhomogeneous AC field causes its unidirectional motion.