Search results for "SIP"
showing 10 items of 1280 documents
Cytotoxic effects of mycotoxin combinations in mammalian kidney cells
2011
The cytotoxicity of three Fusarium mycotoxins (beauvericin, deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin) has been investigated using the NR assay, after 24, 48 and 72h of incubation. The IC(50) values ranged from 6.77 to 11.08, 3.30 to 10.00 and 0.004 to 0.005 for beauvericin, deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin, respectively. Once the potential interaction has been detected, a quantitative assessment is necessary to ensure and characterize these interactions, that is, each mycotoxin contributes to the toxic effect in accord with its own potency. Combination of mycotoxins was determined in Vero cells after 24, 48 and 72h of exposure. Isobolograms and median effect method of Chou and Talalay were used to assess t…
Mitigation of enniatins in edible fish tissues by thermal processes and identification of degradation products.
2017
Emerging mycotoxins, such as enniatins and beauvericin, are common contaminants in vegetal matrices, but recently, the occurrence of mycotoxins in foodstuffs from animal origin has been also reported as they can be present in edible tissues of animals fed with contaminated feedstuffs. Sea bass, sea bream, Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout from aquaculture analyzed in the present survey showed contamination by emerging Fusarium mycotoxins enniatins (ENs). ENs were extracted from raw and cooked fish with acetonitrile and analyzed by Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry. In this study, the stability of ENs was evaluated during food processing by the application of different cooki…
Occurrence, toxicity, bioaccessibility and mitigation strategies of beauvericin, a minor Fusarium mycotoxin.
2017
Emerging Fusarium mycotoxins include the toxic secondary metabolites fusaproliferin, enniatins, beauvericin (BEA), and moniliform. BEA is produced by some entomo- and phytopathogenic Fusarium species and occurs naturally on corn and corn-based foods and feeds infected by Fusarium spp. BEA has shown various biological activities (antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal) and possesses toxic activity, including the induction of apoptosis, increase cytoplasmic calcium concentration and lead to DNA fragmentation in mammalian cell lines. Cereals food processing has an important effect on mycotoxin stability, leading to less-contaminated food compared to the raw materials. Different industrial…
Beauvericin-induced cytotoxicity via ROS production and mitochondrial damage in Caco-2 cells.
2013
The cytotoxicity of beauvericin (BEA) on human colon adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells was studied as a function of time. Moreover, the oxidative damage and cell death endpoints were monitored after 24, 48 and 72 h. After BEA exposure, the IC₅₀ values ranged from 1.9 ± 0.7 to 20.6 ± 6.9 μM. A decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH; 31%) levels, as well as an increase in oxidized glutathione (GSSG, 20%) was observed. In the presence of BEA, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was highly increased at an early stage with the highest production of 2.0-fold higher than the control that was observed at 120 min. BEA induced cell death by mitochondria-dependent apoptotic process with loss of the mitochon…
Korpusavusteinen diskurssintutkimus (CADS): analyysiesimerkki homouden ja heterouden digitaalisista diskursseista
2018
The article aims at combining two methodological approaches, namely corpus linguistics and discourse studies. Both of these approaches are present in corpus-assisted discourse studies (CADS) which makes use of both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. First, an attempt is made to discuss the differences and similarities of these two traditions based on Leech’s (2000) listing. However, it turns out that this listing does not include all necessary viewpoints, and those are further discussed. In the empirical section of the paper, the Suomi24 corpus is analysed in order to provide an example of CADS. The analysis was carried out through collocation and discourse prosody analyses. The re…
Thermodynamics of computation and linear stability limits of superfluid refrigeration of a model computing array
2019
We analyze the stability of the temperature profile of an array of computing nanodevices refrigerated by flowing superfluid helium, under variations in temperature, computing rate, and barycentric velocity of helium. It turns out that if the variation in dissipated energy per bit with respect to temperature variations is higher than some critical values, proportional to the effective thermal conductivity of the array, then the steady-state temperature profiles become unstable and refrigeration efficiency is lost. Furthermore, a restriction on the maximum rate of variation in the local computation rate is found.
Light-Induced Renormalization of the Dirac Quasiparticles in the Nodal-Line Semimetal ZrSiSe
2020
In nodal-line semimetals linearly dispersing states form Dirac loops in the reciprocal space, with high degree of electron-hole symmetry and almost-vanishing density of states near the Fermi level. The result is reduced electronic screening and enhanced correlations between Dirac quasiparticles. Here we investigate the electronic structure of ZrSiSe, by combining time- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy with ab initio density functional theory (DFT) complemented by an extended Hubbard model (DFT +U +V). We show that electronic correlations are reduced on an ultrashort timescale by optical excitation of high-energy electrons-hole pairs, which transiently screen the Coulomb interac…
Mitochondrial Dna Variation in Rhopalosiphum padi (Homoptera: Aphididae) Populations from four Spanish Localities
1992
In total, 35 clones of the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) established from samples collected in four distant localities of Spain during fall 1989 and spring 1990 were examined for mitochondrial DNA variation using 20 restriction endonucleases. Individual parthenogenetic adults were used to establish clonal lines on wheat (‘Talento’) seedlings. Restriction site polymorphism was detected only with endonuclease Rsa I, but no statistical treatment of data could be done until more polymorphic endonucleases are found. Length variation of the mitochondrial DNA molecule, however, was extensive among R. padi clones. Distribution among populations of this size polymorphism was used to…
Coat colours in the Massese sheep breed are associated with mutations in the agouti signalling protein (ASIP) and melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) genes
2012
Massese is an Italian dairy sheep breed characterized by animals with black skin and horns and black or apparent grey hairs. Owing to the presence of these two coat colour types, this breed can be considered an interesting model to evaluate the effects of coat colour gene polymorphisms on this phenotypic trait. Two main loci have been already shown to affect coat colour in sheep: Agouti and Extension coding for the agouti signalling protein (ASIP) and melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) genes, respectively. The Agouti locus is affected by a large duplication including the ASIP gene that may determine the Agouti white and tan allele (A(Wt)). Other disrupting or partially inactivating mutations ha…
Identification and characterization of circadian clock genes in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum
2010
The molecular basis of circadian clocks is highly evolutionarily conserved and has been best characterized in Drosophila and mouse. Analysis of the Acyrthosiphon pisum genome revealed the presence of orthologs of the following genes constituting the core of the circadian clock in Drosophila: period (per), timeless (tim), Clock, cycle, vrille, and Pdp1. However, the presence in A. pisum of orthologs of a mammal-type in addition to a Drosophila-type cryptochrome places the putative aphid clockwork closer to the ancestral insect system than to the Drosophila one. Most notably, five of these putative aphid core clock genes are highly divergent and exhibit accelerated rates of change (especially…