Search results for "SITU"
showing 10 items of 1824 documents
Prevalence of human papillomavirus types in women screened by cytology in Germany.
2007
Incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer are higher in Germany than in other Western European countries. Type-specific human papillomavirus (HPV) distribution was investigated for the first time in Germany in an epidemiological study including 8,101 women. Women above the age of 30 years, self-referring for cervical cancer screening, were enrolled in two study centers in Hannover (Northern Germany) and Tubingen (Southern Germany). Participants were screened by the Pap smear and the hybrid capture 2 (HC2) test using the high-risk probe. All samples that were positive by the HC2 test were genotyped using the prototype PGMY09/11 PCR line blot assay. Most women in the study population h…
Women With and Without Metabolic Disorder Differ in Their Gut Microbiota Composition
2012
The aim of this study was to investigate whether overweight/obese women in metabolic disorder group (MDG, n = 27) differ in their gut microbiota composition from overweight/obese women in non-metabolic disorder group (NMDG, n = 47) and normal weight women group (NWG, n = 11). Gut microbiota was profiled from fecal samples by 16S rRNA fluorescence in situ hybridization and flow cytometry in 85 premenopausal women. Body composition was measured by bioimpedance, and dietary intakes were collected via food diaries. Standard procedures were used to assess plasma glucose, serum insulin, lipids, and inflammatory status. We found that the proportion of bacteria belonging to Eubacterium rectale-Clos…
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis by fluorescence in situ hybridization: clinical possibilities and pitfalls.
2003
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis using the fluorescence in situ hybridization technique (FISH) is being used widely to prevent the transmission of sex-linked diseases, to screen for translocations, and for aneuploidy screenng in specific invitro fertilization (IVF) patient groups, along with FISH analysis of spematozoa in intertile men. In this study, we aim to critically analyze our clinical results in patients at risk of transmitting sex-linked diseases (n = 55), in carriers of translocations (n = 43), in women who have recurent miscarriage (two or more miscarriages) (n = 128), recurrent IVF failure (three or more failed IVF attempts) (n = 47), and patients of advanced maternal age (37 y…
Impact of chromosomal abnormalities on preimplantation embryo development.
2007
Objectives To evaluate the influence of numerical chromosomal abnormalities on preimplantation embryo development. Methods This study includes 6936 embryos from 1245 women undergoing preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). Indications for aneuploidy screening were: recurrent miscarriages, implantation failure, severe male factor, advanced maternal age, and mixed causes. Embryo biopsy was performed on day 3, and embryos were co-cultured until day 5, when embryo transfer was performed. Results In the aneuploidy screening regimen, normal euploid embryos showed significantly higher blastocyst rates (68.2%) compared to chromosomally abnormal (42.8%, p < 0.0001) and mosaic (53.7%, p < 0.0001) em…
Femtosecond laser versus mechanical keratome LASIK for myopia.
2005
To assess efficacy, safety, predictability, stability, and changes in corneal higher-order aberrations (CHOAs) and contrast sensitivity (CS) after a femtosecond laser for LASIK and standard LASIK for myopia.Prospective, randomized, comparative clinical study.Two hundred eyes of 100 consecutive patients who underwent LASIK treatment using the VISX S2 laser system. A femtosecond laser for flap creation was used in 100 eyes (50 patients; spherical equivalent [SE], -2.85+/-1.79 diopters [D]), and a mechanical microkeratome was used in 100 eyes (50 patients; SE, -2.90+/-1.63 D).Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), manifest refraction, CS by means of t…
Chromoscopy-Guided Endomicroscopy Increases the Diagnostic Yield of Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Ulcerative Colitis
2007
Background & Aims: Because of the large number of biopsy specimens, surveillance colonoscopy in ulcerative colitis (UC) is currently time consuming and significant flat lesions still may be missed. In this study we assessed the value of combined chromoscopy and endomicroscopy for the diagnosis of intraepithelial neoplasias in a randomized controlled trial. Methods: A total of 161 patients with long-term UC in clinical remission were randomized at a 1:1 ratio to undergo conventional colonoscopy or chromoscopy with endomicroscopy. Eight patients were excluded because of insufficient bowel preparation. In the conventional colonoscopic group (n = 73), random biopsy examinations and targeted bio…
Contrast sensitivity after LASIK flap creation with a femtosecond laser and a mechanical microkeratome
2007
ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To compare the effects on contrast sensitivity of the IntraLase femtosecond laser for flap creation (IntraLASIK) and standard LASIK for myopia. METHODS: Two hundred eyes of 100 consecutive patients underwent LASIK treatment using the VISX S2 laser system. The femtosecond laser (15 kHz IntraLase) was used for flap creation in 100 eyes (50 patients) and a mechanical microkeratome (Carriazo-Barraquer) was used in 100 eyes (50 patients). Best spectacle-corrected contrast sensitivity was measured before and 6 months postoperatively in the IntraLASIK and mechanical LASIK groups. The IntraLASIK and mechanical LASIKinduced changes in contrast sensitivity were compared under photop…
A high oocyte yield for intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment is associated with an increased chromosome error rate.
2009
Objective To compare the chromosome error rate among oocytes from stimulated ovaries after retrieval of 1–5 oocytes, 6–10 oocytes, and >10 oocytes. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting A university-based human genetic institute in collaboration with a private fertility center. Patient(s) Nine hundred thirty-three women undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with a poor prognosis. Intervention(s) Oocyte collection with ovarian stimulation. Polar body testing of ICSI oocytes for common chromosome errors. Main Outcome Measure(s) Chromosome error rate in oocytes, as determined by five-color fluorescence in situ hybridization. Result(s) In women less than 35 years and women bet…
A53T-Alpha-Synuclein Overexpression Impairs Dopamine Signaling and Striatal Synaptic Plasticity in Old Mice
2010
BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most frequent neurodegenerative disorder at old age, can be caused by elevated expression or the A53T missense mutation of the presynaptic protein alpha-synuclein (SNCA). PD is characterized pathologically by the preferential vulnerability of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal projection neurons. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here, we used two mouse lines overexpressing human A53T-SNCA and studied striatal dysfunction in the absence of neurodegeneration to understand early disease mechanisms. To characterize the progression, we employed young adult as well as old mice. Analysis of striatal neurotransmitter content demonstrated that dopamine (DA…
Influence of gene action across different time scales on behavior.
2002
Genes can affect natural behavioral variation in different ways. Allelic variation causes alternative behavioral phenotypes, whereas changes in gene expression can influence the initiation of behavior at different ages. We show that the age-related transition by honey bees from hive work to foraging is associated with an increase in the expression of the foraging ( for ) gene, which encodes a guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cGMP)–dependent protein kinase (PKG). cGMP treatment elevated PKG activity and caused foraging behavior. Previous research showed that allelic differences in PKG expression result in two Drosophila foraging variants. The same gene can thus exert different types of influe…