Search results for "SLEEP"
showing 10 items of 982 documents
The calculation of the first positive Lyapunov exponent in sleep EEG data
1993
To help determine if the EEG is quasiperiodic or chaotic we performed a new analysis by calculating the first positive Lyapunov exponent L1 from sleep EEG data. Lyapunov exponents measure the mean exponential expansion or contraction of a flow in phase space. L1 is zero for periodic as well as quasiperiodic processes, but positive in case of chaotic processes expressing the sensitive dependence on initial conditions. We calculated L1 for sleep EEG segments of 15 healthy male subjects corresponding to sleep stages I, II, III, IV and REM (according to Rechtschaffen and Kales). Our investigations support the assumption that EEG signals are neither quasiperiodic waves nor simple noise. Moreover…
Randomized study comparing two tongue base surgeries for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
2009
To compare the effectiveness and morbidity of the tongue base radiofrequency and tongue base suspension techniques combined with uvulopalatopharyngoplasty for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea.Prospective and randomized surgical trial at a university hospital.In total, 57 patients received either tongue base radiofrequency reduction (n = 29) or tongue base suspension (n = 28). Apnea-hypopnea index, lowest oxygen saturation (polysomnography), Epworth score, and side effects were assessed. Success was defined as aor =50 percent reduction and final apneahypopnea index15/h, and an Epworth score11.The success rates of the two procedures were 57.1 percent and 51.7 percent, respectively (…
Daily modulation of the speed–accuracy trade-off
2017
International audience; Goal-oriented arm movements are characterized by a balance between speed and accuracy. The relation between speed and accuracy has been formalized by Fitts’ law and predicts a linear increase in movement duration with task constraints. Up to now this relation has been investigated on a short-time scale only, that is during a single experimental session, although chronobiological studies report that the motor system is shaped by circadian rhythms. Here, we examine whether the speed–accuracy trade-off could vary during the day. Healthy adults carried out arm-pointing movements as accurately and fast as possible toward targets of different sizes at various hours of the …
Desmopressin in the Treatment of Nocturia: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
2007
Objectives: To investigate efficacy, safety, and impact on quality of sleep of desmopressin in the treatment of nocturia. Methods: Adults aged >= 18 yr with nocturia (>= 2 voids/night) received desmopressin tablets (0.1, 0.2, or 0.4 mg) during a 3-wk dose-titration period. Patients should show sufficient response during the dose-titration period (>= 20% reduction in nocturnal diuresis) and a return of nocturnal diuresis to >= 80% of baseline levels during washout. Eligible patients then entered a 3-wk double-blind treatment period and received either desmopressin or placebo. Results: 127 patients were randomised to either desmopressin (n = 61) or placebo (n = 66). Twenty (33%) desmopressin-…
Plasticity of brain wave network interactions and evolution across physiologic states
2015
Neural plasticity transcends a range of spatio-temporal scales and serves as the basis of various brain activities and physiologic functions. At the microscopic level, it enables the emergence of brain waves with complex temporal dynamics. At the macroscopic level, presence and dominance of specific brain waves is associated with important brain functions. The role of neural plasticity at different levels in generating distinct brain rhythms and how brain rhythms communicate with each other across brain areas to generate physiologic states and functions remains not understood. Here we perform an empirical exploration of neural plasticity at the level of brain wave network interactions repre…
Factors related to cognitive reserve among caregivers of severe acquired brain injury.
2020
Stroke is one of the severe cause of motor and cognitive disabilities. These type of disabilities occurred a strong impact on whole family system. Caregiver burden may determine in relatives of patients with brain injury a decreasement of mental and physical health. The present study aims to better clarify the mechanism through which chronic stress influence caregivers' cognitive functioning and how the psychological and cognitive resources may represent as a predictive factor. Caregivers were submitted to neuropsychological tests that evaluated level of mental health ad level of burden. Our results showed a significant correlation between cognitive reserve and self-efficacy skills in healt…
Subchronic Effects of Olanzapine on Sleep EEG in Schizophrenic Patients with Predominantly Negative Symptoms
2004
Background It is well known that sleep disturbance is an integral symptom of schizophrenia. In recent studies, a deficit of delta sleep has been observed in schizophrenic patients. Antipsychotic drugs with serotonin (5-HT2) receptor-antagonistic properties are considered to have delta sleep promoting effects. We have investigated the effects of subchronic olanzapine treatment on sleep EEG in schizophrenic patients. Methods The effects of administration of olanzapine (15 to 20 mg) on sleep were studied for four weeks in 10 male, drug-free patients suffering from schizophrenia with predominantly negative symptoms. Conventional sleep EEG parameters were investigated at baseline and after treat…
Nocturnal oxygen enrichment in sleep apnoea.
2000
We hypothesized that a modest oxygen enrichment, rather than 100% oxygen supplementation as used in previous trials, could result in improvement in ventilatory and cardiac symptoms, in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), without jeopardizing the chemostimulant ventilatory drive. This hypothesis was tested in five male patients with OSA in a single-blinded trial consisting of one night spent sleeping in control room air (control night), followed by one night spent sleeping while exposed to air with a 9% enriched oxygen content (oxygen-enriched night). Oxygen enrichment resulted in a significant shift in the oxygen saturation profile towards values of ≥ 95% and to decrease desatura…
Gender differences in variables associated with sleep quality in chronic tension type headache
2018
We aimed to evaluate gender differences in the relationships between headache features, sleep quality, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and burden of headache in 193 patients (73 percent women) with chronic tension type headache (CTTH). Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Headache features were collected with a four-week diary. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to assess anxiety/depressive symptoms. Headache Disability Inventory was used to evaluate the burden of headache. In men with CTTH, sleep quality was positive correlated with headache frequency (r = 0.310; p = .018), emotional (r = 0.518; p < .001) and physical (r = 0.468; p < .001) burde…
Primordial Prevention of High Blood Pressure in Childhood
2020
Hypertension is a condition with increased risk for subsequent adverse events, and treatment of hypertension is prescribed for primary prevention of adverse events. Primordial prevention is a concept that precedes primary prevention and focuses on risk factor prevention. Primordial prevention of hypertension consists of strategies to maintain blood pressure in a normal range and prevent development of elevated blood pressure or hypertension. Childhood is a period in which primordial prevention could be effective and if sustained throughout childhood could contribute to a healthier young adulthood. Targets for primordial prevention in childhood include preventing and reducing childhood obesi…