Search results for "SME"
showing 10 items of 11064 documents
COVID-19 Crisis - A Test for European Union’s Solidarity
2020
Abstract The crises the European Union has gone through over time have called into question the Union’s legitimacy and efficiency. The 2008-2009 financial crisis, the European debt crisis, the migration crisis and Brexit, have all tested the solidarity between member states. The COVID-19 pandemic is without a doubt the most drastic crisis in the EU’s history, with very severe socioeconomic consequences. The EU leaders were strongly criticized for not reacting quickly and efficiently enough to mitigate the impact of the virus, reduce suffering, and ward off the economic crisis. In this context, the questions that arise are: Is the Union a modern-day Titanic? Will it sink or it will sustain i…
Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search with a Constant-Time Feasibility Test for the Dial-a-Ride Problem
2019
In the dial-a-ride problem, user-specified transport requests from origin to destination points have to be served by a fleet of homogeneous vehicles. The problem variant we consider aims at finding a set of minimum-cost routes satisfying constraints on vehicle capacity, time windows, maximum route duration, and maximum user ride times. We propose an adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) for its solution. The key novelty of the approach is an exact amortized constant-time algorithm for evaluating the feasibility of request insertions in the repair steps of the ALNS. In addition, we use two optional improvement techniques: a local-search-based intraroute improvement of routes of promisin…
Using a hazard-independent approach to understand road-network robustness to multiple disruption scenarios
2021
Abstract A range of predictable and unpredictable events can cause road perturbations, disrupting traffic flows and more generally the functioning of society. To manage this threat, stakeholders need to understand the potential impact of a multitude of predictable and unpredictable events. The present paper adopts a hazard-independent approach to assess the robustness (ability to maintain functionality despite disturbances) of the Sioux Falls network to all possible disruptions. This approach allows understanding the impact of a wide range of disruptive events, including random, localised, and targeted link failures. The paper also investigates the predictability of the link combinations wh…
Socio-demographic, personal, environmental and behavioral correlates of different modes of transportation to work among Norwegian parents
2016
Abstract Background Cycling and brisk-walking to work represents an opportunity to incorporate sustainable transport related moderate- to- vigorous physical activity (MVPA) into daily routine among adults, and thus, may make an important contributing to health. Despite the fact that walking and cycling is an option for many commuters and also brings a number of benefits, a considerable proportion of commuters choose to use other means of transport when cycling and walking would be a highly appropriate transport mode. The object of this study was to assess the associations between modes of commuting to the workplace among parental adults; taking socio-demographic, personal, environmental and…
"In der Mathematik ist ein Streit mit Sicherheit zu entscheiden". Perspektiven einer Soziologie der Mathematik
2000
Die Mathematik wird in diesem Aufsatz als ein empirisches Beispiel präsentiert, an dem sich die Voraussetzungen eines "rationalen Dissenses" exemplarisch untersuchen lassen. Denn im Gegensatz zu anderen epistemischen Kulturen gibt es in der Mathematik weder interpretative Flexibilität noch unentscheidbare Kontroversen. Auf der Basis einer medientheoretischen Perspektive und einer Feldstudie in einem internationalen Mathematikinstitut geht der Aufsatz der Frage nach, ob die Soziologie im Falle der Mathematik nicht auf eine prinzipielle Grenze stößt. In einem ersten Teil wird die These einer epistemischen Besonderheit der Mathematik präzisiert und in Auseinandersetzung mit zwei programmatisch…
Etre reconnu : droit ou fantasme ?
2008
Valoriser la notion de reconnaissance, n’est-ce pas ceder a ce mouvement tres contemporain de revendication generalisee de l’individualisme ? Tout le monde en effet desire etre reconnu. L’interet de la notion n’apparait d’abord que negativement : a partir de l’indignation devant une injustice. Mais comment entendre ce sentiment d’injustice et le convertir en processus politique ?
Les trajectoires des footballeurs africains à la lumière de la mondialisation.
2010
Depuis la promulgation de l’arrêt « Bosman » en 1995, le nombre de joueurs expatriés recensés dans les principaux championnats européens a considérablement augmenté. Cet article montre que cette augmentation a surtout concerné les joueurs originaires d’Afrique et d’Amérique latine. Leur mobilité intervient dans un contexte très spéculatif au sein duquel de nombreux intermédiaires interagissent pour construire les canaux migratoires permettant aux joueurs de circuler à travers différents pays. Les trajectoires idéales — typiques de joueurs africains en Europe — permettent d’illustrer les logiques sociales, géographiques et économiques à la base de ces flux. Since the “Bosman” law in 1995, t…
El periodista adaptativo. Consultores y directores de innovación analizan las cualidades del profesional de la comunicación
2016
Desde 2014 los medios de comunicación ya no luchan sólo por sobrevivir. Fundan departamentos de innovación y organizan hackatones para desarrollar nuevos productos, iniciativas que demuestran que el periodismo está mudando su piel, y vive un momento de oportunidades. Atraviesan un proceso de transición, y requieren de perfiles profesionales proactivos y flexibles que conversan con la audiencia, producen informaciones multimedia con sus móviles, utilizan puntualmente drones e incluso realizan documentales informativos con realidad aumentada. En este artículo una decena de consultores y directores de innovación que ejercen su actividad en España, Estados Unidos y Latinoamérica analizan las nu…
CAN I TELL JUST BY MYSELF? DISCUSSING A PARENTAL MENTAL DISORDER WITH A CHILD IN A RESEARCH INTERVIEW
2016
In this single-case study, we focus on how to have a dialogue in a research interview with a child whose parent has been diagnosed with a mental disorder. The interactional context and the interviewer’s role in co-constructing the child’s accounts have been largely neglected in the qualitative psychological research on this subject. Stigma related to mental disorders is increasingly being recognized as a central issue for the entire mental health field. It is considered to have far-reaching effects on the social interaction of the stigmatized person and also to contaminate the interactions of those around that person. We examine how the stigma of a parental mental disorder arises and is neg…
Assessment Capacity, Cultural Validity and Consequential Validity in PISA
2016
La evaluaciones internacionales de estudiantes han desempeñado un papel cada vez más importante en la política educativa. Estas comparaciones internacionales basadas en pruebas generan información valiosa sobre el rendimiento del estudiantado de cada país participante y los factores sociales y contextuales asociados. Una imagen compleja de los factores culturales, económicos y sociales que dan forma a la participación de PISA empieza a emerger. Nuestro objetivo es entender la relación entre la capacidad evaluative nacional y la forma en que los países participan en estas comparaciones internacionales. Proponemos un marco conceptual para examinar la capacidad evaluativa como clave para abord…