Search results for "SMIS"

showing 10 items of 2316 documents

Investigation and management of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnancy and infancy: a prospective study.

2011

Aim:Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy poses a serious risk to the fetus, therefore timely and accurate diagnosis is essential. The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of congenital infection via evaluating mother's immunological status and the possibility to improving the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.Methods:Eighty five mothers with Toxoplasma seroconversion and their offspring were enrolled (among them, 2 spontaneous abortions were documented in the first trimester). Prenatal PCR diagnosis was carried out on 50 patients (60%), with 7 positive cases (14%). Morphological ultrasound scanning revealed anomalies in one fetus. Long-term follow-up included general …

medicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/17 - Malattie InfettiveOffspringToxoplasmosis gondiineurological prognosiToxoplasmosis CongenitalSerologySettore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale E SpecialisticaPregnancyPrenatal DiagnosismedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)Prospective StudiesSeroconversionProspective cohort studyChildPharmacologyFetusPregnancybiologybusiness.industryObstetricsSettore MED/30 - Malattie Apparato Visivoocular prognosiPregnancy OutcomeToxoplasma gondiiGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationToxoplasmosisInfectious Disease Transmission Verticalcongenital infectionWestern blot analysisprenatal screeningChild PreschoolPregnancy Complications ParasiticImmunologyserological responseFemaleOriginal ArticlebusinessFollow-Up StudiesActa pharmacologica Sinica
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Antibiotic resistance among Shigella serogroups isolated in Tehran, Iran (2002-2004)

2009

Shigellosis, one of the most common bacterial diarrhoeal diseases, is endemic throughout the world. It is one of the major causes of morbidity in children with diarrhoea in Iran [1-4]. Antibiotic therapy is useful and effective for shigellosis. Treatment is critical for persons with severe disease, particularly children and immunosuppressed patients. Use of an appropriate antibiotic therapy can shorten the duration of symptoms, significantly reduce the risk of transmission, and also prevent potentially lethal complications [5-7]. However, high frequencies of resistance in

medicine.medical_specialtyShigellosisSevere diseaseIranSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicatamedicine.disease_causeMicrobiologyMicrobiologyAntibiotic resistanceVirologyAntibiotic therapyInternal medicineDrug Resistance BacterialmedicineHumansShigellaChildDysentery BacillaryShigella Antibiotic resistance IranTransmission (medicine)Diarrhoeal diseasebusiness.industryGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseAnti-Bacterial AgentsInfectious DiseasesChild PreschoolParasitologyShigellabusinessThe Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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FRI0628 DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF OPTICAL SPECTRAL TRANSMISSION IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: CORRELATIONS WITH DISEASE ACTIVITY, EPIDEMIOLOGIC AN…

2019

Background Valid assessment of disease activity leads to improvement of long-term outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (1). Clinical disease activity assessment tools such as the Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) are partially subjective and do not always depict the real inflammatory burden. Ultrasound (US) and Hand-MRI are important diagnostic modalities which can nevertheless be time consuming (US, MRI), expensive (MRI) or usually performed unilaterally (MRI). Thus, further diagnostic tools are needed. Optical spectral transmission (OST) is a new modality able to assess the blood-specific absorption of light transmitted through a tissue promising quantification of inflammat…

medicine.medical_specialtySpectral transmissionbusiness.industryConfoundingAnthropometrymedicine.diseaseSerologyDisease activityRheumatoid arthritisInternal medicineEpidemiologyMedicineIn patientbusinessDiagnostics and imaging procedures
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Modulatory action of acetylcholine on cerebrovascular sympathetic neurotransmission

1991

1. Acetylcholine (10 micrograms/min) diminished the electrically-induced cerebral blood flow reductions. Atropine (1-2 mg) partially blocked this inhibitory effect. 2. Exogenously administered noradrenaline (1-10 micrograms) and tyramine (50-500 micrograms) reduced cerebral blood flow but this effect was unchanged by acetylcholine infusion. 3. Acetylcholine inhibited the nonadrenergic component of the electrically-induced contraction at a concentration greater than or equal to 10(-6) M and potentiated the adrenergic component at a concentration greater than or equal to 10(5) M. Atropine 10(-7) M) inhibited both of these effects. In addition, acetylcholine (10(-4) M) enhanced the electricall…

medicine.medical_specialtySympathetic Nervous SystemContraction (grammar)Cerebral arteriesTyramineAdrenergicTetrodotoxinIn Vitro TechniquesSynaptic TransmissionMuscle Smooth VascularNorepinephrinechemistry.chemical_compoundIsometric ContractionInternal medicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptormedicineAnimalsPharmacologyChemistryGoatsMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3Cerebral ArteriesTyramineAcetylcholineElectric StimulationAtropineEndocrinologyCerebrovascular CirculationFemaleAcetylcholinemedicine.drugGeneral Pharmacology: The Vascular System
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Activity-dependent endogenous taurine release facilitates excitatory neurotransmission in the neocortical marginal zone of neonatal rats.

2014

In the developing cerebral cortex, the marginal zone (MZ), consisting of early-generated neurons such as Cajal-Retzius cells, plays an important role in cell migration and lamination. There is accumulating evidence of widespread excitatory neurotransmission mediated by γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the MZ. Cajal-Retzius cells express not only GABAA receptors but also α2/β subunits of glycine receptors, and exhibit glycine receptor-mediated depolarization due to high [Cl(-)]i. However, the physiological roles of glycine receptors and their endogenous agonists during neurotransmission in the MZ are yet to be elucidated. To address this question, we performed optical imaging from the MZ using …

medicine.medical_specialtyTaurinemicrodialysisNeurotransmissionBiologylcsh:RC321-571Cellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundGABAInternal medicinemedicineNKCC1Channel blockerOriginal Research ArticleGlycine receptorGABA Agonistslcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryGABAA receptorGlutamate receptorGABAA receptorDepolarizationEndocrinologychemistryExcitatory postsynaptic potentialBiophysicsmarginal zoneglycine receptortaurineNeuroscienceFrontiers in cellular neuroscience
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Telemedicine Online Visits in Urology During the COVID-19 Pandemic-Potential, Risk Factors, and Patients' Perspective.

2020

The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has placed considerable strain on hospital resources. We explored whether telemedicine (defined as a videoconference) might help. We undertook prospective structured phone interviews of urological patients (n = 399). We evaluated their suitability for telemedicine (judged by a panel of four physicians) and their risks from COVID-19 (10 factors for a poor outcome), and collected willingness for telemedicine and demographic data. Risk factors for an adverse outcome from COVID-19 infection were common (94.5% had one or more) and most patients (63.2%) were judged suitable for telemedicine. When asked, 84.7% of patients wished for a teleme…

medicine.medical_specialtyTelemedicineUrologic NeoplasmsCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)UrologyPneumonia Viral030232 urology & nephrologyUrologySubgroup analysisTelehealthMedical Oncology03 medical and health sciencesBetacoronavirus0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsPandemicOutpatientsDisease Transmission InfectiousMedicineHumansMedical diagnosisPandemicsRemote Consultationbusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2Remote ConsultationCOVID-19Odds ratioTelemedicine030220 oncology & carcinogenesisbusinessCoronavirus InfectionsEuropean urology
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Alterations of Neuromuscular Function After Prolonged Running, Cycling and Skiing Exercises

2004

It is well known that impairment of performance resulting from muscle fatigue differs according to the types of contraction involved, the muscular groups tested and the exercise duration/intensity. Depending on these variables, strength loss with fatigue can originate from several sites from the motor cortex through to contractile elements. This has been termed 'task dependency of muscle fatigue'. Only recently have studies focused on the origin of muscle fatigue after prolonged exercise lasting 30 minutes to several hours. Central fatigue has been shown to contribute to muscle fatigue during long-distance running by using different methods such as the twitch interpolation technique, the ra…

medicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsContraction (grammar)Neuromuscular transmissionPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationPhysical exerciseElectromyographyNervous SystemRunningContractilityPhysical medicine and rehabilitationSkiingmedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineMuscle fatiguemedicine.diagnostic_testElectromyographybusiness.industryBicyclingBiomechanical PhenomenaPeripheralmedicine.anatomical_structureMuscle FatiguePhysical therapybusinessMotor cortexSports Medicine
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Processing Sperm Samples in HIV-Positive Patients

2013

Human immunodeficiency virus is an important public health problem; about 40 million people around the world are actually infected with HIV type 1 virus. Furthermore, prolonged survival of patients under highly active antiretroviral therapy has given rise to a new demand from SDC couples who wish to have children. HIV serodiscordant couples with the male infected wish to make use of assisted reproduction techniques in combination with semen washing in order to decrease the risk of transmission to the partner or to the newborn. Thus it is essential to test the effectiveness of techniques aimed at reducing HIV and HCV loads in infected semen using molecular biology tests. Nevertheless, its ef…

medicine.medical_specialtyTransmission (medicine)business.industryPublic healthImmunologySerodiscordantSperm washingMedicineSemenbusinessViral loadSpermVirus
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Integrative transnational analysis to dissect tuberculosis transmission events along the migratory route from Africa to Europe

2021

páginas, 4 figuras, 3 tablas

medicine.medical_specialtyTuberculosisGenotypeDisease clusterlaw.inventionMycobacterium tuberculosis03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinelawEpidemiologyTrans-nationalMedicineCluster AnalysisHumansTuberculosisTransmission030212 general & internal medicine0303 health sciencesbiology030306 microbiologybusiness.industryStrain (biology)transmissionGeneral MedicineMycobacterium tuberculosisbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseasetrans-nationalEuropeTransmission (mechanics)Horn of AfricaAfricabusinessDemography
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Isolation and confirmation of viral nervous necrosis (VNN) disease in golden grey mullet (Liza aurata) and leaping mullet (Liza saliens) in the Irani…

2016

The present study was conducted on 428 moribund mullet fish samples to isolate and identify the causative agent of a mysterious acute mortality which recently occurred in wild mullets in Iranian waters of Caspian Sea, suspected to be due to viral nervous necrosis (VNN) disease. Disease investigation was carried out employing various diagnostic procedures such as virology, bacteriology, parasitology, haematology, histopathology, IFAT, IHC and nested RT-PCR. Brain and eye samples of affected fishes were collected in sterile conditions and then kept at -80 °C for cell culture isolation and nested RT-PCR detection of the causative agent. Other tissue samples were also collected and fixed for hi…

medicine.medical_specialtyVeterinary medicinePathology040301 veterinary sciencesCaspian sea; Golden grey mullet (Liza aurata); Iran; Leaping mullet (Liza saliens); Viral nervous necrosisOceans and SeasViral nervous necrosisBetanodavirusSettore BIO/05 - ZoologiaBiologyIranMicrobiologyPolymerase Chain ReactionMulletCell Line0403 veterinary scienceTissue cultureFish DiseasesRNA Virus InfectionsMicroscopy Electron TransmissionmedicineCaspian seaAnimalsNodaviridaeFluorescent Antibody Technique IndirectGeneral VeterinaryOutbreak04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationImmunohistochemistrySurvival AnalysisSmegmamorphaParasitology040102 fisheries0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesHistopathologyGolden grey mullet (Liza aurata)Leaping mullet (Liza saliens)Golden grey mulletLeaping mulletVeterinary microbiology
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