Search results for "SNi"
showing 10 items of 444 documents
Structure of rat behavior in hole-board: I) multivariate analysis of response to anxiety
2008
Aim of present paper was to carry out an analysis of rat behavior in hole-board following different multivariate approaches. Thirty male Wistar rats were observed in a hole-board apparatus and their behavior recorded for 10 min through a digital videocamera for a following frame-by-frame analysis. Both descriptive and multivariate analyses were used. Descriptive analysis showed that roughly 85% of the whole behavioral structure encompassed six patterns appearing during the first minute of observation: walking, climbing, rearing, immobile-sniffing, edge-sniff and head-dip. As to multivariate approach, cluster analysis showed three main dyadic associations: [edge-sniff/head-dip], [walking/cli…
Multivariate analysis of the modifications induced by an environmental acoustic cue on rat exploratory behavior.
2007
The aim of the present paper is to study by means of a multivariate analysis the modifications induced by an environmental acoustic cue on the structure of rat exploratory behavior. Adult male Wistar rats were observed during the exploration of a soundproof observation box. Each rat was acoustically stimulated after 150 s from the beginning of the experimental session, lasting 300 s, and recorded through a digital videocamera. A frame by frame analysis was thereafter carried out using a professional video-recording system. Thirteen behavioral patterns were selected: immobility, immobile-sniffing, walking, rearing, climbing, chewing, paw-licking, face-grooming, body-grooming, head-turning, t…
The effects of diazepam on the behavioral structure of the rat's response to pain in the hot-plate test: Anxiolysis vs. pain modulation
2011
The aim of the present study was to evaluate, by means of quantitative and multivariate analyses, the effects of diazepam on the behavioral structure of the rat's response to pain in the hot-plate test as well as whether such changes are associated with drug-induced effects on anxiety and/or nociception. To this purpose, ten groups of male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with saline, diazepam (0.25, 0.5 and 2 mg/kg), FG-7142 (1, 4 and 8 mg/kg) or morphine (3, 6 and 12 mg/kg). The mean number and mean latency to first appearance were calculated for each behavioral component. In addition, multivariate cluster and adjusted residual analyses based on the elaboration of transition ma…
Learning influence on the behavioral structure of rat response to pain in hot-plate
2011
Aim of the research was to study, by means of descriptive and multivariate analyses, whether, and how, learning influences the behavioral structure of rat response to pain. To this purpose, a hot-plate test daily repetition procedure was carried out on male Wistar rats for five days. A 6-day interval without stimulation elapsed before last test was carried out on day 12. After composition of an ethogram, descriptive (number, latency, per cent distribution) and multivariate analyses (cluster, stochastic) were carried out for each scheduled test day. One-way ANOVA and Newman-Keuls post-hoc test for multiple comparisons revealed significant changes for climbing, jumping, front-paw licking and …
Effects of Substantia Nigra pars compacta lesion on the behavioral sequencing in the 6-OHDA model of Parkinson’s disease
2019
The basal ganglia circuitry plays a crucial role in the sequential organization of behavior. Here we studied the behavioral structure of the animals after 21 days of 6-OHDA-induced lesion of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system. Frequencies and durations of individual components of the behavioral repertoire were calculated; moreover, whether a temporal organization of the activity was present, it was investigated by using T-pattern analysis, a multivariate approach able to detect the real-time sequential organization of behavior. Six sham-depleted and six rats with unilateral 6−OHDA-lesion of the Substantia Nigra pars compacta were used. As to quantitative evaluations, the comparison betwe…
Norwegian version of the Nutritional Form for the Elderly: sufficient psychometric properties for performing institutional screening of elderly patie…
2009
The objective of this study was to test if the Norwegian version of the nutritional screening instrument entitled Nutritional Form for the Elderly (NUFFE-NO) demonstrates sufficient evidence of reliability and validity, including sensitivity and specificity, when applied to a select group of elderly hospital patients. The hypothesis was that NUFFE-NO has sufficient psychometric properties to be used as a screening instrument. The model used for the testing procedure was designed to test reliability (homogeneity and stability) and validity (criterion-related, concurrent validity, and construct validity) including sensitivity and specificity in a cross-sectional study. One-hundred fifty-eight…
Effects of the benzodiazepine inverse agonist FG7142 on the structure of anxiety-related behavior of male Wistar rats tested in hole board
2016
Little is known about the structural characteristics of the behavior of rats with enhanced anxiety level. To fill this gap, a study was undertaken where effects of an anxiogenic drug were examined on behavioral structure of rats tested in hole board.This study investigates effects of increased anxiety level on the structure of the behavior of rats tested in hole board METHODS: Different doses of FG7142 (1, 4, 8 mg/kg IP), a potent anxiety-inducing drug, were administered to three groups of male Wistar rats. A further group was administered saline. Experiments were recorded through a digital camera. Quantitative and multivariate approaches were applied.Percent distributions and durations sho…
Molecular, genetic, and functional analysis of homozygous C8 beta-chain deficiency in two siblings.
1998
Abstract C8 deficiency is associated with an increased susceptibility to neisserial infections. We present a case of an 11 year old boy who suffered from infection with Neisseria meningitidis . Medical history of the patient and his family ( n = 5) did not indicate any previous immunodeficiency symptoms. Results from the analysis of phagocyte and lymphocyte functions were within the normal range. No hemolytic activities of the classical (CH50) and the alternative (APH50) pathways of complement were measurable, and SC5b-9 protein complexes could not be detected in the patient's plasma. Further analysis by highly sensitive ELISA and functional assays revealed a complete deficiency of C8. Upon…
Effects of fluoxetine on behavioral deficits evoked by chronic social stress in rats.
2006
Recently, we described an advanced model of chronic social stress in male rats based on the resident intruder paradigm. In this model, rats subjected to daily social stress for 5 weeks showed behavioral changes resembling anhedonia and motivational deficits in humans. In the present study, male Wistar rats were subjected to 5 weeks of daily social defeat by an aggressive conspecific and concomitant treatment with the antidepressant drug fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) after the first week of stress. Compared with controls, rats exposed to chronic stress had significantly reduced locomotor and exploratory activity (rearing and sniffing) and diminished preference for sucrose solution. These effects wer…
The effects of different basal levels of anxiety on the behavioral shift analyzed in the central platform of the elevated plus maze.
2015
The aim of the present research was to study the effects of different basal levels of anxiety on the behavioral shift studied in the central platform of the elevated plus maze. To this purpose, quantitative and multivariate analyses, the latter based on transition matrix elaboration, were carried out on Wistar and on DA/Han rats the latter belonging to a strain characterized by different reactivity to anxiogenic stimuli. Wistar rats spent 74.11 ± 5.11 s in the central platform, whereas DA/Han significantly more: 127.08 ± 9.87. Per cent distributions evidenced a clear-cut difference in walking activities (46.25% in Wistar, 28.4% in DA/Han rats) and in the sniffing activities (45.82% in Wista…