Search results for "SODIUM CHLORIDE"

showing 10 items of 122 documents

NonclassicalPschorr andSandmeyer Reactions in Pyrazole Series

2005

The diazonium salt derived from 4-amino-N,1,3-trimethyl-N-(3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (14) was reacted with a mixture of CuSO4 and NaCl, with ascorbic acid as an initiator to afford the planar derivative 4,6-dihydro-1,4,6,8-tetramethyl-3-phenyldipyrazolo[3,4-b:4′,3′-d]pyridin-5(3H)-one (16) and its unexpected isomer 4,6-dihydro-3,4,6,8-tetramethyl-1-phenyldipyrazolo[4,3-b:4′,3′-d]pyridin-5(1H)-one (17), as well as the epimers (3S,4S)- (or (3S,4R)-) and (3S,4R)- (or (3S,4S)-) 4-chloro-2,4-dihydro-1′,3′,5,5′-tetramethyl-2-phenylspiro[pyrazole-3,4′(1′H)-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol]-6′(5′H)-one (18a and b, respectively). Epimers 18a and b were converted under basic c…

chemistry.chemical_classificationStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryIntercalation (chemistry)Pyrazole series Carboxylic acids Copper compounds DNA Isomers Mixtures Salts Sodium chlorideSalt (chemistry)PyrazoleAscorbic acidLinear dichroismBiochemistryCatalysisInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryDrug DiscoverySandmeyer reactionEpimerPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDerivative (chemistry)Helvetica Chimica Acta
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The effect of osmo-induced stress on product formation by Zymomonas mobilis on sucrose

2000

The intensification of biosynthesis of fructooligosaccharides in the presence of high salt concentrations was observed during sucrose (10%) fermentation by Zymomonas mobilis 113S. A 0.6 M NaCl concentration led to an increase of oligosaccharide productivity by 3.5-fold. Sorbitol formation was increased in the presence of 0.16 M NaCl and was inhibited at highest salt concentrations. In a medium with high (65%, w/w) sucrose content the salts gave inhibitory effects on fructooligosaccharide production by lyophilised Z. mobilis cells. Influence of salts on gluconic acid and sorbitol formation under these conditions was studied. The ratio of oligosaccharides and gluconic acid productivity (Qolig…

chemistry.chemical_classificationSucroseZymomonasSucrosebiologyOsmotic shockFructooligosaccharideOligosaccharidesGeneral MedicineSodium ChlorideOligosaccharidebiology.organism_classificationMicrobiologyZymomonas mobilischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBiochemistryOsmotic PressureGluconic acidSorbitolFermentationSorbitolFood scienceFood ScienceInternational Journal of Food Microbiology
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Intra-individual variability in TSH levels of healthy women during the first half of pregnancy

2017

TSH is the parameter most widely accepted to assess thyroid function, especially in pregnant women. The aim of this current study was to analyze intra-individual changes in TSH during the first half of pregnancy in women with TSH levels higher than 2.5mIU/L in early pregnancy.An observational, prospective study was conducted on 243 healthy pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy. Thyroid function was assessed by testing TSH and free T4 levels. A subgroup of women with TSH levels2.5mIU/L underwent additional tests (TSH, free T4, peroxidase antibodies). Information on dietary iodine intake and/or iodine supplements was also recorded.Mean TSH level was 1.89mIU/L (range 0.024-6.48mIU…

endocrine system diseasesEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismThyrotropinPhysiologyEarly pregnancy factor0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyPregnancyReference ValuesProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineYoung adultProspective cohort studyNutrition and Dieteticsbiologymedicine.diagnostic_testObstetricsMiddle AgedIntra individualParityIodised saltFemaleThyroid functionhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsIodineAdultendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentchemistry.chemical_element030209 endocrinology & metabolismIodineThyroid function testsYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineHumansSodium Chloride DietaryAutoantibodiesPregnancybusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseDietPregnancy Trimester FirstThyroxineFirst trimesterEndocrinologyBiological Variation PopulationchemistryDietary Supplementsbiology.proteinPrimer (molecular biology)businessEndocrinología, Diabetes y Nutrición
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Evidence that water transmits Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 infections to eels

1995

Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 is classically considered an obligate eel pathogen. However, it has recently been associated with one human septicemic case. In this paper, the opportunistic behavior of this pathogen is discussed. The bacterium can survive alone in brackish water or attached to eel surfaces for at least 14 days. It is able to spread through water and infect healthy eels by using skin as a portal of entry. These results suggest that water and infected eels may act as reservoirs of infection. A capsule seems to be essential for waterborne infectivity, which would explain why cells recovered from naturally diseased eels give rise to pure cultures of opaque colonies. The spread of t…

endocrine systemDisease reservoiranimal structuresVibrio vulnificusSodium ChlorideApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBacterial AdhesionMicrobiologyFish DiseasesAnguillidaeVibrio InfectionsAnimalsHumansPathogenBacterial CapsulesDisease ReservoirsSkinVibrioInfectivityEelsVirulenceEcologybiologyObligateTemperaturebiology.organism_classificationVibrioMucusVibrio InfectionsWater MicrobiologyResearch ArticleFood ScienceBiotechnologyApplied and Environmental Microbiology
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The influence of backslopping on lactic acid bacteria diversity in tarhana fermentation

2020

Tarhana is produced at batch systems in which the microbiota has changed accordingly to the microbial load from ingredients. In order to stabilize the microbiota, the effects of backslopping carried out under different temperature regimes (25 and 30 °C), pH (3.70 and 4.00) and inoculation rates (5, 10 and 15%) on lactic acid bacteria (LAB) diversity were determined in tarhana dough. LAB and Total Aerobic Mesophilic Bacteria (TAMB) numbers increased in all tarhana dough samples subjected to backslopping. Temperature and pH significantly affected the microbiological diversity of tarhana whereas the different inoculation rates did not. Tarhana dough showed complex tarhana microbiota following …

genomic DNAtomatochemistry.chemical_compoundCereal fermentationpepperLactobacillalesLactococcusFermented Foods and BeveragesLactic acid bacteriageneticsFood scienceyoghurtfermentationonionbiodiversity0303 health sciencesbiologyLactobacillus brevisBacksloppingpHMicrobiotaTemperaturefermented productGeneral MedicineBreadHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationLactobacillus brevisLactic acidStarter cultureclassificationBatch Cell Culture TechniquesTarhana microbiotasodium chlorideFermented Foodsmicrobial communityMesophilelactic acid bacteriumRNA 16Sgene sequenceArticlewheat flour03 medical and health sciencesinoculationproceduresacidity030304 developmental biologydoughnonhuman030306 microbiologyisolation and purificationmicrobiologyStreptococcusbiology.organism_classificationLactobacilluschemistrymicrobial diversityWeissellaCarnobacteriumFermentationpolymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresismicrofloraLactobacillus alimentariusbatch cell culturemetabolismLactobacillus alimentariusLactobacillus plantarumBacteriaEnterococcusLeuconostocSettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia AgrariaFood ScienceLactobacillus plantarum
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Salt release monitoring with specific sensors in "in vitro" oral and digestive environments from soft cheeses

2012

International audience; The objective of the present work is to demonstrate the interest and the feasibility of the measurement of NaCl concentrations in soft cheeses and in particular an in vitro digestion process by the use of chemical sensors. The analyzed matrices were the commercial Italian mozzarella cheeses and domestic cheese base models. The classification of mozzarellas was performed according to their salinity, while the breakdown of cheese base models has been followed both at initial steps of digestion in artificial mouth dispositive mimicking the oral sphere and in a gut-imitating digester (TIM-1). During the breakdown of soft cheese in the digester, the estimated values for N…

in vitro digestion processBase (chemistry)SodiumAnalytical chemistrySalt (chemistry)chemistry.chemical_elementSodium Chloridein vitro mouth processSodium detectionSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica01 natural sciencesChlorideChemistry Techniques AnalyticalAnalytical ChemistrySoft cheesesSalt release0404 agricultural biotechnologyBiomimetics[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringCalibrationmedicine[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringIntestinal MucosaSensor arraychemistry.chemical_classificationMouthChromatographyIonic chromatographySettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici delle Tecnologie010401 analytical chemistry04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040401 food science0104 chemical sciencesSalinitychemistrySalt release in vitro mouth process in vitro digestion process Sensor array Sodium detection Soft cheesesDigestionDairy ProductsDigestionmedicine.drug
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Nitrous oxide emissions in a membrane bioreactor treating saline wastewater contaminated by hydrocarbons

2016

The joint effect of wastewater salinity and hydrocarbons on nitrous oxide emission was investigated. The membrane bioreactor pilot plant was operated with two phases: i. biomass acclimation by increasing salinity from 10 gNaCl L−1 to 20 gNaCl L−1 (Phase I); ii. hydrocarbons dosing at 20 mg L−1 with a constant salt concentration of 20 gNaCl L−1 (Phase II). The Phase I revealed a relationship between nitrous oxide emissions and salinity. During the end of the Phase I, the activity of nitrifiers started to recover, indicating a partial acclimatization. During the Phase II, the hydrocarbon shock induced a temporary inhibition of the biomass with the suppression of nitrous oxide emissions. The r…

inorganic chemicalsSalinityEnvironmental Engineering0208 environmental biotechnologyBiomassBioengineering02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesSodium ChlorideWastewaterMembrane bioreactor01 natural sciencesWaste Disposal FluidEnvironmental protectionGreenhouse gas emissionchemistry.chemical_compoundBioreactorsBiomassWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental scienceschemistry.chemical_classificationNitrous oxideSettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistryEnvironmental engineeringGeneral MedicineNitrous oxideequipment and suppliesHydrocarbons020801 environmental engineeringSalinity and hydrocarbonSalinityHydrocarbonPilot plantBiodegradation EnvironmentalWastewaterEnvironmental chemistryMembrane bioreactorAerationWater Pollutants ChemicalEnvironmental protection; Greenhouse gas emissions; Membrane bioreactors; Nitrous oxide; Salinity and hydrocarbon; Bioengineering; Environmental Engineering; Waste Management and Disposal
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Bile Duct Warmer in Hepatic Cryosurgery—A Pig Liver Model

1998

Freezing of the common bile duct resulted in injury, stenosis, or perforation of the bile duct in a dog model. Biliary cutaneous fistulas and bile leaks are reported as complications of hepatic cryosurgery in man. In an ex vivo pig liver model we compared freezing close to the bile duct with and without warming the bile duct with warmed saline solution via an inserted catheter ("bile duct warmer"). The recorded temperatures at the outer wall of the bile duct were -50 degrees C after 10 min of freezing without and 5. 8 degrees C with the use of the warmer (P0.001, two-way ANOVA). The bile duct warmer system may be a simple and inexpensive device in reducing perioperative morbidity after hepa…

medicine.medical_specialtyHot TemperatureSwinemedicine.medical_treatmentPerforation (oil well)Sodium ChlorideCryosurgeryModels Biologicaldigestive systemGastroenterologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCryosurgeryCatheterizationDogsPostoperative ComplicationsInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsHumansSalineCommon bile ductBile ductbusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseStenosisCathetermedicine.anatomical_structureLiverEvaluation Studies as TopicBiliary tractBile DuctsGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesbusinessCryobiology
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Magnesium metabolism in hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

2007

The increasing evidence for the clinical relevance of altered magnesium metabolism to states of altered insulin resistance confirms the role of magnesium deficit as a possible underlying common mechanism of the "insulin resistance" of hypertension and altered glucose tolerance. The pioneer work of Lawrence M. Resnick and his group using the cellular ion-based approach that we are only partially presenting here has consistently contributed to the progress of the field, demonstrating (a) the critical importance of magnesium metabolism in regulating insulin sensitivity as well as vascular tone, and blood-pressure homeostasis; (b) that magnesium deficiency, defined on the basis of intracellular…

medicine.medical_specialtyMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopychemistry.chemical_elementEssential hypertensionInsulin resistancePre-EclampsiaPregnancyMagnesium deficiency (medicine)Diabetes mellitusInternal medicinemedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)MagnesiumSodium Chloride DietaryPharmacologyCalcium metabolismMagnesiumbusiness.industryType 2 Diabetes MellitusGeneral MedicineSyndromemedicine.diseaseEndocrinologychemistryDiabetes Mellitus Type 2HypertensionCalciumFemaleInsulin ResistancebusinessMagnesium DeficiencyHomeostasisAmerican journal of therapeutics
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The metabolic syndrome in hypertension: European society of hypertension position statement.

2008

The metabolic syndrome considerably increases the risk of cardiovascular and renal events in hypertension. It has been associated with a wide range of classical and new cardiovascular risk factors as well as with early signs of subclinical cardiovascular and renal damage. Obesity and insulin resistance, beside a constellation of independent factors, which include molecules of hepatic, vascular, and immunologic origin with proinflammatory properties, have been implicated in the pathogenesis. The close relationships among the different components of the syndrome and their associated disturbances make it difficult to understand what the underlying causes and consequences are. At each of these …

medicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologySodium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsAdrenergic beta-AntagonistsPhysical exerciseAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsType 2 diabetesBioinformaticsInsulin resistanceWeight lossInternal medicineInternal MedicinemedicineHumansThiazideAntihypertensive AgentsMetabolic Syndromebusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseCalcium Channel BlockersObesityExercise TherapyEndocrinologyBlood pressureHypertensionmedicine.symptomMetabolic syndromeCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersRisk Reduction Behaviormedicine.drugDiet TherapyJournal of hypertension
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