Search results for "SOI"

High rates of short-term dynamics of forest ecosystem services

2021

Currently, the main tools for assessing and managing ecosystem services at large scales are maps providing snapshots of their potential supply. However, many ecosystems change over short timescales; thus, such maps soon become inaccurate. Here we show high rates of short-term dynamics of three key forest ecosystem services: wood production, bilberry production and topsoil carbon storage. Almost 85% of the coldspots and 65% of the hotspots for these services had changed into a different state over a ten-year period. Wood production showed higher rates of short-term dynamics than bilberry production and carbon storage. The high rates of dynamics mean that static snapshot ecosystem service map…

Effects of Biochar Addition on Rill Flow Resistance

2021

The development of rills on a hillslope whose soil is amended by biochar remains a topic to be developed. A theoretical rill flow resistance equation, obtained by the integration of a power velocity distribution, was assessed using available measurements at plot scale with a biochar added soil. The biochar was incorporated and mixed with the arable soil using a biochar content BC of 6 and 12 kg m−2. The developed analysis demonstrated that an accurate estimate of the velocity profile parameter Гv can be obtained by the proposed power equation using an exponent e of the Reynolds number which decreases for increasing BC values. This result pointed out that the increase of biochar content dump…

Determining Soil Hydraulic Properties Using Infiltrometer Techniques: An Assessment of Temporal Variability in a Long-Term Experiment under Minimum- …

2020

Conservation agriculture is increasingly accepted by farmers, but the modeling studies on agro-environmental processes that characterize these agricultural systems require accurate information on the temporal variability of the soil&rsquo

Soil Moisture Retrieved From a Combined Optical and Passive Microwave Approach

2016

Abstract With the current remote sensing technology developments, and in particular those at L-band (1.2–1.4 GHz) frequencies such as the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity and the Soil Moisture Active and Passive missions, new approaches concerning passive microwave and its combination with existing optical technologies have become of special interest for the estimation of surface soil moisture. One of these new approaches is the combination of optical and passive microwave data based on a semiempirical approach derived from the general radiative transfer equation. The objective of this chapter is to present some applications of the combined optical-passive microwave approaches over several …

Development of the One Centimeter Accuracy Geoid Model of Latvia for GNSS Measurements

2015

There is an urgent necessity for a highly accurate and reliable geoid model to enable prompt determination of normal height with the use of GNSS coordinate determination due to the high precision requirements in geodesy, building and high precision road construction development. Additionally, the Latvian height system is in the process of transition from BAS- 77 (Baltic Height System) to EVRS2007 system. The accuracy of the geoid model must approach the precision of about ~1 cm looking forward to the Baltic Rail and other big projects. The use of all the available and verified data sources is planned, including the use of enlarged set of GNSS/levelling data, gravimetric measurement data and…

Impacts of land‐use changes on soil fertility in Okomu Forest Reserve, Southern Nigeria

2021

Soil Biology as Related to Land-Use Practices (Eighth International Colloquium on Soil Zoology), held in Syracuse, New York, USA, during 30 July-3 Au…

1979

Long-Term Observations of Soil Mesofauna

2010

General problems connected with planning, sampling, and data processing of long-term research of soil mesofauna are discussed, based on two case studies: (i) the Bremen study of predatory mites (Gamasina) covering 20 years of secondary succession on a ruderal site in northern Germany and (ii) the Mazsalaca study of the effects of climate warming on Collembola of coniferous stands in the North Vidzeme Biosphere Reserve, Latvia, covering 11 years. The findings from both sites are embedded in an array of environmental data. The results from Bremen document the asynchrony of different biota in successional dynamics. The long-lasting increase of the species numbers of soil predatory mites (Gamas…

The Mathematical Modeling of Ca And Fe Distribution In Peat Layers

2015

Bogs have been formed by an accumulation of peat - a light brown-to-black organic material, built up from partial decomposition of mosses and other bryophytes, sedges, grasses, shrubs, or trees under waterlogged conditions. The total peatlands area in Latvia covers 698 918 ha or 10.7% of the entire territory. Knowledge’s of peat metals content are important for any kind of peat using. Experimental determination of metals in peat is very long and expensive work. Using experimental data mathematical model for calculation of concentrations of metals in different points for different layers can help to very easy and fast to find approximately concentration of metals or trace elements. The resul…

Hydrocarbons removal from real marine sediments: Analysis of degradation pathways and microbial community development during bioslurry treatment

2022

In this study, real marine sediments polluted by petroleum compounds were treated by means of a bioslurry pilot scale reactor. The treatment performance was evaluated by measuring the removal of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), coupled to further analyses required to understand the mechanisms involved in the biodegradation process. The maximum TPH-removal efficiency reached 86 % at the end of experiments. Moreover, high throughput 16S RNA gene sequencing was used to describe the microbiome composition in sediment prior to, and after, bioslurry treatment, in order to identify the taxa mostly entailed in the TPH removal process. The raw sediment was mostly colonized by members of Sulfurimon…