Search results for "SOIL FERTILITY"
showing 10 items of 77 documents
Analyze and simulation a dynamic of soil indicators fertility under different agricultural management practices in cotton area of Togo
2011
Using data observed during 20 to 40 years in different agro-ecosystems of Togo, we analyzed soil fertility dynamic under different agricultural management practices. Tree soil C models of varying complexity were tested, and the most accurate in terms of soil C dynamics description in these tropical soils was associated with the QUEFTS model and with nutrient partial balance to analyze the effect of each agricultural management practice. Results indicated that, although fertilizers N, P and K were continuously applied at a recommended rate by the research (RR) or at this rate increased in 50% (1.5RR), initial cotton and cereals yields of 1.5 to 2 t ha˗1 and 2 to 3 t ha˗1, respectively, decre…
Soil DNA evidence for altered microbial diversity after long-term application of municipal wastewater
2010
International audience; Water resources constitute a social, agricultural and economic problem in most countries of the southern Mediterranean Basin. Alternative strategies have been developed such as the reuse of municipal wastewater for irrigation in agriculture. Despite numerous advantages for soil fertility and crop productivity, recycling wastewater in soils also has several ecotoxicological and sanitary problems. Few investigations have assessed the risk by evaluating the impact of wastewater irrigation on soil microbes. Here, we report for the first time the short- and long-term effects of treated municipal wastewater irrigation on the density and genetic structure of bacterial and f…
Ecomic - RMQs : Cartographie de la diversité microbienne des sols à l'échelle de la France
2009
aeres : C-AFF; National audience; no abstract
Légumineuses et prairies temporaires : des fournitures d'azote pour les rotations
2015
Intervention présentée aux Journées de l'AFPF, "La fertilité des sols dans les systèmes fourragers", les 8 et 9 avril 2015; Les atouts des légumineuses (fixation symbiotique, diversité fonctionnelle...) leur permettent de contribuer à la fertilité des sols, à l'amélioration de la durabilité de l'agriculture et de l'autonomie protéique des systèmes alimentaires. Il convient donc de mieux connaître leurs rôles, directs et indirects, dans les flux d'azote des rotations.Les légumineuses fourragères (en culture pure ou dans des couverts multispécifiques) représentent une grande part des apports azotés symbiotiques. Il existe une grande diversité d'implication des légumineuses dans les rotations.…
Relationship between microbial diversity and soil organic matter turnover
2011
International audience
A core microbiota of plant and earthworm interaction? Phylogenetic and functional aspects
2017
International audience; The core microbiota concept has been proposed to describe the subset of a microbiota (e.g. the rhizosphere microbial community) associated with a given host (e.g. a plant) going beyond macroenvironment differences (e.g. soil type), and characterized by taxonomic markers (e.g. 16S rRNA gene sequences). Its existence has been questioned by geographical studies, showing the overruling soil type effect in shaping microbial communities. As far as biotic determinants are concerned, several “hosts” or macroorganisms are impacting a given habitat and its specific microbial community. In soils, there is an overlap between the so-called rhizosphere and the drilosphere, defined…
Vineyard design supported by GPS application
2021
The innovative technologies of precision agriculture offer nowadays new applications in line with the needs of the wine sector. In hillside viticulture, within the same plot there are areas with different physical and chemical characteristics (lying, pH, active limestone, nutrients, etc.). This variability consequently influences the vigor of the vine which translates into a different production per single plant in terms of both yield and quality of the grapes. The aim of this study was to realize geo-referenced thematic maps by GPS application on a hilly plot covering about 6 hectares to be planted in a hedgerow trained vineyard for the production of quality grapes. The experimental tests …
Soil microbial biomass and activity under different agricultural management systems in a semiarid Mediterranean agroecosystem
2010
Abstract A field experiment was carried out in a semiarid agricultural Mediterranean area located at the “El Teularet” experimental field in the Enguera Sierra (Valencia, southeast Spain) to assess the influence of different agricultural management systems on indicators of soil biological quality and activity (microbial biomass C, basal respiration, C mineralization coefficients, metabolic quotient (qCO2), respiratory quotient (RQ: moles CO2 evolved/moles O2 consumed), soluble C and dehydrogenase, urease, protease-BAA, phosphatase and β-glucosidase activities), one year after treatment establishment. The management practices assayed were as follows: application of the herbicides paraquat, g…
Effects of soil compaction, rain exposure and their interaction on soil carbon dioxide emission
2012
Soils release more carbon, primarily as carbon dioxide (CO2), per annum than current global anthropogenic emissions. Soils emit CO2 through mineralization and decomposition of organic matter and respiration of roots and soil organisms. Given this, the evaluation of the effects of abiotic factors on microbial activity is of major importance when considering the mitigation of greenhouse gases emissions. Previous studies demonstrate that soil CO2 emission is significantly affected by temperature and soil water content. A limited number of studies have illustrated the importance of bulk density and soil surface characteristics as a result of exposure to rain on CO2 emission, however, none exami…
Reversing agriculture from intensive to sustainable improves soil quality in a semiarid South Italian soil
2010
Intensive agriculture (IA) is widespread in South Italy, although it requires frequent tillage, large amounts of fertilizers and irrigation water. We have assessed the efficacy of reversing IA to sustainable agriculture (SA) in recovering quality of a typical South Italy soil (Lithic Haploxeralf). This reversion, lasting from 2000 to 2007, replaced 75% of nutrients formerly supplied inorganically by farmyard manuring and reduced the tillage frequency. Several chemical and biochemical properties, functionally related to C and N mineralisation–immobilisation processes and to P and S nutrient cycles, were monitored annually from 2005 to 2007 in the spring. Reversing IA to SA decreased soil bul…