Search results for "SOLIDS"
showing 10 items of 159 documents
Effects of different levels of nitrogen on production and quality of strawberries from fresh "plug plants"
2012
Nitrogen is an essential element, not only for its influence on the vegetativeproductive activity of the plants but also on fruit quality (color, shelf life, etc.). To achieve high production and quality standards, reducing environment impact, the S.Ag.A Department of Palermo carried out some researches to identify the most suitable fertilization to maximize the productive potential of fresh plug plants of two cultivars of strawberry widespread in the Sicilian area, 'Sabrosa®Candonga' and 'Nora', reducing Nitrogen inputs. The experimental design adopted was a splitplot, in which the main plot was the different doses of nitrogen, 120, 170, 220, 270, 320 kg/ha and the secondary one the cultiv…
An interlaboratory study as useful tool for proficiency testing of chemical oxygen demand measurements using solid substrates and liquid samples with…
2009
In 2008, the first Proficiency Testing Scheme of Chemical Oxygen Demand (1stCOD-PTADG) was conducted to assess the results obtained for different research groups whose field work is mainly anaerobic digestion. This study was performed using four samples, two solid samples as raw materials and two solid samples to prepare high concentration suspended solid solutions. Invitations were sent to a large number of laboratories, mainly to anaerobic digestion research groups. Finally, thirty labs from sixteen countries agreed to participate, but for different reasons four participants could not send any data. In total, twenty-six results were reported to the COD-PT coordinator. This study showed th…
Preliminary evaluation of sixPrunusrootstocks for peach in Italy
2018
In Italy, the evaluation of rootstocks is supported by the Ministry of Agriculture and carried out in a network of trials along the Country. This study evaluated growth and yield performance of ‘Big Top’ nectarine and ‘Rome Star’ peach grafted on six rootstocks of different origin and vigor, namely GF677 (the most widespread in Italy), Garnem, Adesoto, RootPac®20, RootPac®40, and RootPac®90, in three different locations, Castelvetrano (Sicily), Forlì and Cesena (Emilia-Romagna). Yield, number of fruits, trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA), average fruit weight, flesh firmness, soluble solids content (SSC) and titratable acidity (TA) were determined at the third leaf (2015). In all sites, tree…
CHEMICAL AND SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS OF FIVE LOQUAT CULTIVARS
2015
Fruit quality can be evaluated by combining chemical-physical and sensory analyses. In this trial, both instrumental and sensory analyses were carried out on fruit of 5 loquat cultivars (âNespolone di Trabiaâ, âSanfilipparaâ, âVirticchiaraâ, âMarcenA²â and âGolden Nuggetâ), with the aim of assessing their commercial quality. Fruit weight, transversal and longitudinal diameter, total soluble solid content (TSS), and titratable acidity (TA) were measured. In addition, a sensory profile of each cultivar was defined by a trained panel, which generated 16 attributes. The highest fruit weight was found in âGolden Nuggetâ and âSanfilipparaâ; the latter exhibited also th…
Foliar Applications with SUNRED® Biostimulant Advance and Uniform Fruit Ripening in Orange and Olive
2015
This study evaluated the effect of foliar biostimulants on fruit quality of adult 'Valencia' orange and 'Biancolilla' olive trees. Half of the selected orange and olive trees were sprayed twice before harvest with the SUNRED® commercial mix containing phenylalanine, methionine, mono-saccharides and oxylipins from plant extracts as well as potassium salts and urea. Orange and olive yields and fruit quality were measured at harvest, and fruit peel color was determined by digital image analysis. Phenolic and sensory profiles were also determined in the olive oil. In orange, the foliar spray increased TSS:acid ratio and peel color uniformity, while in olive, it increased peel color uniformity, …
Quality changes in fresh-cut mango cubes submitted to different gas partial pressure of active MAPs
2018
The study was performed to assess chemical-physical and sensory quality changes in 4±1°C stored fresh-cut mangos and to test the effect of active modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) with different gas partial pressures. Sicilian fruits of ‘Keitt’ mango (Mangifera indica L.) were immerged in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) after being peeled. Next, the flesh was cut in cubes and dipped in citric acid (0.5%, w/v) and ascorbic acid (0.5%, w/v). Treated fruits were placed in a non-perforated high density polyethylene package flushing different gas mixtures and kept at 4°C for 21 days. We used four different gas partial pressures: a) 60 kPa N2, 30 kPa CO2 and 10 kPa O2; b) 30 kPa CO2 and 70 kPa N2; c) …
Effect of Sunred metabolic promoter and deficit irrigation on fruit quality of 'Valencia' oranges
2012
This study evaluated the effect of deficit irrigation and Sunred foliar metabolic promoter on fruit quality of adult 'Valencia' orange trees. Three irrigation strategies were imposed in spring 2011: Irrigation with volumes corresponding to 100% of crop evapotranspiration applied to entire root-zone (CI), partial root-zone drying (PRD) with 50% of CI water applied to one alternated side of the root-zone, and continuous deficit irrigation (DI) with 50% of CI water applied to both sides of the root-zone. Four trees in each irrigation treatment were sprayed 30 and 20 days before harvest with Sunred metabolic promoter containing phenylalanine, methionine, mono-saccharides and oxylipins from plan…
Vegetative and reproductive behavior of 'conference' and 'williams' pear trees trained to v-shape system
2007
V-shape systems represent an efficient and popular option to increase yields and fruit quality. Here we present a detailed study on canopy and root system growth and conformation, yields, fruit quality and dry matter partitioning of 'Conference' (C) and 'Williams' (W) pear trees trained to V-shape system. Digital images were used to determine total stem and root length, mean diameter and surface area; canopy and root system spread area, shape index and volume, canopy height and root depth. Dry weights were used to calculate dry matter partitioning. Stems of W trees were longer and thinner than those of C, which resulted in similar stem dry weights for the two cultivars, whereas root dry wei…
Quality Changes of Tropical and Subtropical Fresh-Cut Fruits Mix in Modified Atmosphere Packaging
2017
Application of passive modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) for shelf life extension of mixed pineapple slices, mango pieces and orange segments, was evaluated. Fruits of Ananas cv ‘Gold’, Mango cv ‘Keitt’ and Orange cv ‘Washington Navel’ were washed, sanitized, peeled and cut. Minimal processed fruits were packed under 2 different atmospheres, passive (air) and active MAP (70% N2, 10 %O2, 20 %CO2), and stored at 10±1 °C with 85±5% RH for 12 days. Changes in package atmosphere composition, weight loss, color, texture, pH, soluble solids, sensory attributes, were evaluated after cutting and at three subsequent stages of storage (the 3 day, 6d, 9d, and the 12 day). Color parameters L* and b* s…
CFD Simulation of Particle Suspension Height in Stirred Vessels
2004
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation capabilities for stirred solid–liquid dense systems are explored. These systems may give rise to the formation of a thick and well defined clear liquid layer in the upper part of the vessel, whose extension progressively reduces with increasing impeller speed. Experimental measurements of the suspension height (the height of the particle laden layer) were carried out at various agitation speeds for a variety of solid–liquid systems in a fully baffled transparent tank. A clear layer of liquid was actually observed in all runs, with the suspension height almost linearly dependent on agitation speed. CFD simulations of the above described systems w…