Search results for "STATISTICS"

showing 10 items of 7671 documents

Sample size in the monitoring of benthic macrofauna in the profundal of lakes: evaluation of the precision of estimates

1996

We discuss here the influence of sample size (number of replicates) on the accuracy and precision of the results when sampling profundal benthos with an Ekman grab according to the Finnish standard, SFS 5076, which is equivalent to the Swedish and Norwegian standards. The aim was to find criteria for choosing a sample size which would avoid any powerful influence of chance on the results without entailing an unreasonable amount of work for monitoring purposes.

Accuracy and precisionBenthosEcologyBenthic zoneSample size determinationStatisticsEnvironmental scienceSampling (statistics)Profundal zoneDeep water
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Experimental and robust modeling approach for lead(II) uptake by alginate gel beads: influence of the ionic strength and medium composition.

2014

Abstract Systematic kinetic and equilibrium studies on the lead ions removal ability by Ca-alginate gel beads have been performed by varying several internal parameters, namely, number of gel beads, nature and composition of the ionic medium and pH, which allowed us to model a wastewater in order to closely reproduce the composition of a real sample. Moreover, the effects brought about the different ionic species present in the reacting medium have been evaluated. Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (DP-ASV), has been systematically used to perform kinetic and equilibrium measurements over continuous time in a wide range of concentration. Kinetic and equilibrium data have been q…

Accuracy and precisionChemistryAnalytical chemistryIonic bondingKinetic energySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsIonBiomaterialsAnodic stripping voltammetryColloid and Surface ChemistryIonic strengthAlginate gel beads Robust statistics Metal adsorption Wastewater treatment Ionic strength Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry Adsorption isotherms Adsorption kinetics Lead Heavy metalmedicineComposition (visual arts)Settore CHIM/01 - Chimica AnaliticaSwellingmedicine.symptomJournal of colloid and interface science
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Information content of data and variables and types of weighting in least-squares regression methods

1990

Abstract Algorithms are given for evaluating the relative amount of useful information related to a particular parameter which is carried by individual data points and intervals of the variables. The algorithms provide an efficient means of using the information contained in a set of data. Applications to the optimization of weighting in regression methods are described. Several informational and combined informational-statistical types of weighting are studied as a means of improving the accuracy and precision of the parameters obtained by non-linear regression.

Accuracy and precisionChemistryRegression analysisStatistical weightBiochemistryRegressionAnalytical ChemistryWeightingSet (abstract data type)Content (measure theory)StatisticsEnvironmental ChemistryNonlinear regressionSpectroscopyAnalytica Chimica Acta
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Multivariate standardisation for non-linear calibration range in the chemiluminescence determination of chromium.

2006

Multivariate standardisation is proposed for the successful chemiluminescence determination of chromium based on luminol-hydrogen peroxide reaction. In an extended concentration range, non-linear calibration model is needed. The studied instrumental situations were different detection cells, instruments, assemblies, time and their possible combinations. Chemiluminescence kinetic registers have been transferred using piecewise direct standardisation (PDS) method. The optimisation of transfer parameters has been carried out based on the prediction residual error criteria. Non-linear principal component regression (NL-PCR) and non-linear partial least square regression (NL-PLS) were chosen for…

Accuracy and precisionMultivariate statisticsChemistrylawDirect methodPartial least squares regressionLinear regressionCalibrationAnalytical chemistryPrincipal component regressionAnalytical ChemistryChemiluminescencelaw.inventionTalanta
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Water content of latent fingerprints - Dispelling the myth.

2016

Abstract Changing procedures in the handling of rare and precious documents in museums and elsewhere, based on assumptions about constituents of latent fingerprints, have led the author to an examination of available data. These changes appear to have been triggered by one paper using general biological data regarding eccrine sweat production to infer that deposited fingerprints are mostly water. Searching the fingerprint literature has revealed a number of reference works similarly quoting figures for average water content of deposited fingerprints of 98% or more. Whilst accurate estimation is difficult there is no evidence that the residue on fingers could be anything like 98% water, even…

Accurate estimationEccrine sweat010401 analytical chemistryFingerprint (computing)Forensic SciencesWater01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesPathology and Forensic Medicine03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineStatisticsEnvironmental scienceHumans030216 legal & forensic medicineDermatoglyphicsSweatLawWater contentForensic science international
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Impact of viewing distance on relative depth judgements for stimuli in physical space

2019

In natural viewing, numerous depth cues are available to the visual system, but their significance varies considerably depending on the viewing distance. How is it reflected in the outcome of depth judgements? We have designed a psychophysical experiment with a limited number of depth cues to examine distance-related changes in the correct response rate and time. Twenty young adults evaluated relative depth of stimuli in physical space. Each time four constant angular size achromatic stimuli were presented on a volumetric multi-planar display. One of these stimuli was demonstrated closer to the observer comparing to others. The experiment followed the four-interval forced-choice procedure. …

Achromatic lenslawAngular diameterPhysical spaceStatisticsRelative depthResponse timeVolumetric displayDepth perceptionCorrect responselaw.inventionMathematicsLight in Nature VII
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Archetypal analysis: an alternative to clustering for unsupervised texture segmentation

2019

Texture segmentation is one of the main tasks in image applications, specifically in remote sensing, where the objective is to segment high-resolution images of natural landscapes into different cover types. Often the focus is on the selection of discriminant textural features, and although these are really fundamental, there is another part of the process that is also influential, partitioning different homogeneous textures into groups. A methodology based on archetype analysis (AA) of the local textural measurements is proposed. AA seeks the purest textures in the image and it can find the borders between pure textures, as those regions composed of mixtures of several archetypes. The prop…

Acoustics and UltrasonicsComputer scienceMaterials Science (miscellaneous)General MathematicsComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION02 engineering and technologylocal granulometriesMathematical morphology01 natural sciencesTexture (geology)archetypeImage (mathematics)010104 statistics & probability0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSegmentationmathematical morphology0101 mathematicsCluster analysisInstrumentationimage segmentationtexture analysislcsh:R5-920business.industrylcsh:MathematicsPattern recognitionImage segmentationlcsh:QA1-939DiscriminantSignal Processing020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligenceFocus (optics)businesslcsh:Medicine (General)Biotechnology
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Estimation of fibre orientation from digital images

2001

In this paper, estimation of fibre orientation is studied for fibre systems observable as a blurred greyscale image. The estimation method is based on scaled variograms observed along a set of sampling lines in different directions. The parameters of the orientation distribution are obtained numerically. Simulated data are used to study the statistical properties of the method.

Acoustics and UltrasonicsMaterials Science (miscellaneous)General MathematicsGrayscaleSet (abstract data type)Digital imageimage analysisRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer visionInstrumentationMathematicslcsh:R5-920Boolean modelbusiness.industryOrientation (computer vision)lcsh:MathematicsSampling (statistics)Boolean modelObservablesimulationlcsh:QA1-939Distribution (mathematics)fibre orientationdigitizationComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSignal ProcessingstereologyComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinesslcsh:Medicine (General)Biotechnology
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Three-dimensional ultrasound radiance mode imaging of a uterine lipoleiomyoma.

2016

In this case report the diagnosis of a uterine lipoleiomyoma is depicted by means of a three-dimensional radiance mode. The advent of radiance or silhouette mode as a new tool in ultrasound diagnosis is intended to assist by generating additional realistic image visualization and a better distinction among different tissues.

Acoustics and UltrasonicsSilhouetteDiagnosis DifferentialImaging Three-DimensionalHumansMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer vision3D ultrasoundUterine NeoplasmUltrasonographyThree dimensional ultrasoundLeiomyomaRadiological and Ultrasound Technologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryUterusUltrasoundMode (statistics)Middle AgedVisualizationUterine NeoplasmsRadianceFemaleLipomaArtificial intelligencebusinessMedical Ultrasonography
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Subjective ranking of concert halls substantiated through orthogonal objective parameters.

2015

[EN] This paper studies the global subjective assessment, obtained from mean values of the results of surveys addressed to members of the audience of live concerts in Spanish auditoriums, through the mean values of the three orthogonal objective parameters (Tmid, IACCE3, and LEV), expressed in just noticeable differences (JNDs), regarding the best-valued hall. Results show that a linear combination of the relative variations of orthogonal parameters can largely explain the overall perceived quality of the sample. However, the mean values of certain orthogonal parameters are not representative, which shows that an alternative approach to the problem is necessary. Various possibilities are pr…

Acoustics and UltrasonicsStatistical methodsSample (statistics)Perceived qualityArchitectural acousticsArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)RankingAcoustical measurementsFISICA APLICADAStatisticsAcoustic analysisLinear combinationJust noticeableMATEMATICA APLICADAAcoustic modelingMathematicsThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
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