Search results for "STRESS"

Involvement of PAR-4 in Cannabinoid-Dependent Sensitization of Osteosarcoma Cells to TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis

2014

The synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 is a potent cannabinoid receptor agonist with anticancer potential. Experiments were performed to determine the effects of WIN on proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and programmed cell death in human osteosarcoma MG63 and Saos-2 cells. Results show that WIN induced G2/M cell cycle arrest, which was associated with the induction of the main markers of ER stress (GRP78, CHOP and TRB3). In treated cells we also observed the conversion of the cytosolic form of the autophagosome marker LC3-I into LC3-II (the lipidated form located on the autophagosome membrane) and the enhanced incorporation of monodansylcadaverine and acridine orange, two markers of t…

Autophagy is related to apoptosis in Paracentrotus lividus embryos cadmium exposed

2012

P. lividus embryo offers an excellent opportunity to investigate the adaptive response of cells exposed to different stress. We previously demonstrated that cadmium treatment triggers the accumulation of metal in embryonic cells and the activation of defense system depending on concentration and exposure time, through the synthesis of HSPs and/or the initiation of apoptosis. Analysing autophagy, by neutral red, acridine orange and LC3-detection, we demonstrated that Cd-exposed embryos adopt this process as an additional stratagem to safeguard the developmental program. We observed that embryos treated at subletal Cd concentration activate a massive autophagic response after 18h, which decre…

Autophagy and apoptosis regolate survival of mesoangioblast stem cells subjected to oxidative stress

2012

Efficacy of the antioxidant ebselen in experimental uveitis.

1999

Inflammation results in the production of free radicals. In a model of experimental uveitis upon subcutaneous injection of endotoxin to Lewis rats, i.e., endotoxin-induced experimental uveitis (EIU), we have evaluated the status of the antioxidant capacity of ocular tissues. EIU results in a decrease of glutathione (GSH) content and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in whole eye homogenates 24-h after endotoxin administration. Furthermore, an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) content was observed in these same samples, thus confirming the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of the process. In view of the ability of the antioxidant ebselen as GPx enzyme mimic, we teste…

Role of oxygen and nitrogen species in experimental uveitis: anti-inflammatory activity of the synthetic antioxidant ebselen.

2002

This study was aimed at examining the role of oxygen and nitrogen reactive species in a model of experimental uveitis upon intravitreal injection of bacterial endotoxin to albino New Zealand rabbits. The inflammatory response was evaluated in terms of: (i) the integrity of the blood aqueous barrier (protein and cell content in samples of aqueous humor), (ii) histopathological changes of the eyes, (iii) clinical evaluation (with a score index based on clinical symptoms), and (iv) the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), in aqueous humor, as a marker of oxidative stress. Betamethasone was used as reference treatment, superoxide dismutase as quencher of superoxide anion, L-N(G)-nitro-L-argi…

Single-dose ebselen does not afford sustained neuroprotection to rats subjected to severe focal cerebral ischemia

2004

Oxygen free radicals have been involved in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia, especially after spontaneous or thrombolytic reperfusion. In this study with rats, we have combined a severe focal ischemic insult (2 h) and a prolonged reperfusion time (7 days) to assess the possible sustained neuroprotective effect of ebselen (10 or 100 mg/kg), a small, lipophilic organoselenium compound which mimics glutathione peroxidase. Parietal cortical perfusion was measured by laser-Doppler flowmetry, and focal cerebral ischemia was carried out by the intraluminal thread method. We have measured plasma selenium levels, brain reduced glutathione levels, as a marker of oxidative stress, and infarct …

Ebselen prevents chronic alcohol-induced rat hippocampal stress and functional impairment

2007

Background: Most of the previously published data suggest a role for oxidative or nitrosative stress in ethanol-induced nervous system damage. Moreover, ethanol is able to impair learning abilities in adult mammalian brain, a process suggested to be directly related to hippocampal neurogenesis. Ebselen, a synthetic compound with antioxidant properties, is able to prevent ethanol-induced impairment of neurogenesis in adult rats. The aim of the present work was to further demonstrate the ability of ebselen to prevent biochemical alterations, and preserve long-term potentiation (LTP) and learning abilities, in the hippocampus of chronic alcoholic adult rats. Methods: Biochemical markers of oxi…

R-Baklofēna stress testējumi un to piemaisījumu noteikšanas metodes validācija

2018

R-Baklofēna stress testējumi un to piemaisījumu noteikšanas metodes validācija. Goliškina S.M., zinātniskie vadītāji: asoc. prof., Dr. ķīm. P. Mekšs, Dr.ķīm. A. Bolotin. Maģistra darbs, 61 lappuses, 25 attēli, 26 tabulas, 31 literatūras avoti. Latviešu valodā. Darbā ir apkopota literatūra par dažādām AEŠH metodēm, lai noteiktu baklofēnu un tā enantiomērus bioloģiskajos šķidrumos un gatavās zāļu formās, kā arī piemaisījumu noteikšanas metodi. Literatūras apskatā apkopotā informācija ietver laika periodu no 1985. līdz 2017. gadam. Eksperimentālajā daļā tika veikta baklofēna stresa testēšana, un rezultātus novērtēja, izmantojot izstrādātu AEŠH metodi baklofēna piemaisījumu noteikšanai. AEŠH-MS…

Multi-level responses of Mytilus galloprovincialis to environmental stressors

2019

TOXICITY OF B-N-OXALYLAMINO-L-ALANINE ANDB-N-METHYLAMINO-L-ALANINE IN NIH3T3 CELLS IS MEDIATED BY INHIBITIONOF THE XC¯ ANTIPORTER

2012

Beta-N-oxalylamino-L-alanine (BOAA) and beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) are two non-protein amino acids reported to induce neuronal degeneration. They have been involved in the pathogenesis of rare motor neuron diseases, as neurolathyrism or the ALS-Parkinson-Dementia complex of Guam. The mechanisms by which BOAA and BMAA toxicity is explicated is still unknown, but there is evidence that it might involve the inhibition of Xc¯ antiporter, that is the rate-limiting transporter of the synthesis of intracellular glutathione. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms of BOAA and BMAA toxicity in the non-neuronal NIH3T3 cells. First, we treated NIH3T3 cells with BOAA or BMAA at di…