Search results for "STRESS"
showing 10 items of 6278 documents
The Urban Built Environment, Walking and Mental Health Outcomes Among Older Adults: A Pilot Study
2020
The benefits of walking in older age include improved cognitive health (e.g., mental alertness, improved memory functioning) and a reduced risk of stress, depression and dementia. However, research capturing the benefits of walking among older people in real-time as they navigate their world is currently very limited. This study explores cognitive health and well-being outcomes in older people as they walk in their local neighborhood environment. Residents from an independent living facility for older people (mean age 65, n = 11) walked from their home in two dichotomous settings, selected on the basis of significantly different infrastructure, varying levels of noise, traffic and percentag…
Neuroendocrine indicators of allostatic load reveal the impact of environmental acidification in fish
2020
Abstract When mobilized from surrounding soils and binding to gills at moderately low pH, aluminum (Al) cations can adversely affect fish populations. Furthermore, acidification may lead to allostatic overload, a situation in which the costs of coping with chronic stress affects long-term survival and reproductive output and, ultimately, ecosystem health. The brain's serotonergic system plays a key role in neuroendocrine stress responses and allostatic processes. Here, we explored whether sublethal effects of Al in acidified water affects serotonergic neurochemistry and stress coping ability in a unique land-locked salmon population from Lake Bygelandsfjorden, in southern Norway. Fish were …
Comparison of thiol subproteome of the vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus from different Mid-Atlantic Ridge vent sites
2012
Deep-sea hydrothermal mussels Bathymodiolus azoricus live in the mixing zone where hydrothermal fluid mixes with bottom seawater, creating large gradients in the environmental conditions and are one of the most studied hydrothermal species as a model of adaptation to extreme conditions. Thiol proteins, i.e. proteins containing a thiol or sulfhydryl group (SH) play major roles in intracellular stress defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are especially susceptible to oxidation. However, they are not particularly abundant, representing a small percentage of proteins in the total proteome and therefore are difficult to study by proteomic approaches. Activated thiol sepharose (ATS) …
Effect of hypoosmotic stress by low salinity acclimation of Mediterranean mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis on biological parameters used for polluti…
2008
In the present study, we investigated the progressive acclimation of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis to different reduced seawater (SW) salinities and its effect on several biochemical markers and biotests. Mussels were purchased from a local mariculture facility during summer (SW temperature 27 degrees C, salinity 37.5 psu) and winter (13 degrees C, 37 psu) seasons, and transferred to the laboratory for acclimation to reduced SW salinities (37, 28, 18.5 and 11 psu). At the beginning and at the end of acclimation processes tests of mussel survival in air were provided. After 14 days of acclimation the DNA integrity, p38-MAPK activation, metallothionein induction, oxygen consumption rat…
Stress-70 proteins in marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis as biomarkers of environmental pollution: a field study.
2004
In the present work we have investigated levels of stress-70 proteins in the gills of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis collected seasonally from subtidal rocky shores at 6 different sites of the Rovinj coastal area (Northern Adriatic, Croatia). 1-D analysis (SDS-PAGE) using monoclonal mouse antibodies anti-HSP70 detected two bands of stress-70 proteins, 70 and 72 kDa constitutively present during the year. 2-D analysis (IEF+SDS-PAGE) proved that the antibodies used detected HSP70 (pI 5.7–5.9) and HSP72 (pI 5.5–5.6). The quantification of stress-70 proteins was possible using 200 ng of external HSP70 protein standard included on every blot. Maximal levels of HSP72 and HSP70 were observed in …
Concurrent environmental stressors and jellyfish stings impair caged European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) physiological performances
2016
9 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables
Chemical and biochemical responses to sub−lethal doses of mercury and cadmium in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)
2022
Specimens of Sparus aurata were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of Hg and Cd for 25 days and the levels of both metals were investigated in organs and tissues. Bioaccumulation of Hg decreased as follow: gills > kidney > liver > skin > muscle, while the order of Cd bioaccumulation was: liver > kidney > gills > skin > muscle. Immediately after exposure, both metals showed the highest bioaccumulation in gills and skin indicating that these organs are reliable targets for biomonitoring studies after short term exposure. Metals introduction caused a significant time-dependent concentrations increase in kidney and liver, while in the muscle a significant in-crease of …
Effects of repeated short episodes of environmental acidification on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from a landlocked population
2020
Abstract Chronic or repeated exposure to environmental contaminants may result in allostatic overload, a physiological situation in which the costs of coping affect long-term survival and reproductive output. Continuous measurements in Otra, the largest river in southern Norway, show the occurrence of repeated 24–48 h episodes of acidification. This work investigates the impact of repeated short acidification episodes on a unique land-locked population of normally anadromous Atlantic salmon (“Bleke”). This was done by recording physiological measures of stress and allostatic load in fish exposed for 7 days to continuous or repeated episodes of simulated environmental acidification or untrea…
The effects of treated effluents on the intensity of papillomatosis and HSP70 expression in roach.
2008
Epidermal papillomatosis in fish has been proposed as an indicator of environmental stress but experimental evidence of connection between contaminants and papillomatosis in fish is scarce. We studied changes in the intensity of epidermal papillomatosis and the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in roach, Rutilus rutilus, exposed to treated pulp mill and municipal effluents. In male roach, the increase in papillomatosis intensity was higher in fish exposed to 15% than in fish exposed to 1.5% concentration of municipal effluent. No differences were observed in papillomatosis development in females, or in HSP70 expression. In all the experiments conducted, the increasing effect of ef…
Impaired glutathione redox status is associated with decreased survival in two organophosphate-poisoned marine bivalves
2002
Biomonitoring organophosphate (OP) exposure in marine environments is generally achieved by the measurement of acetylcholinesterase activity in bivalves like mussels. However, there is evidence that indicates that oxidative stress may be implied in OP toxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between survival from the OP insecticide fenitrothion and glutathione levels in marine bivalves. Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam.) and scallops (Flexopecten flexuosus Poli) were exposed, in a time to death test, to their LC85 of fenitrothion for 96 h. OP-poisoned mussels showed reduced (GSH) and oxidised (GSSG) glutathione depletion in the digestive gland, muscle and gills…