Search results for "SVI"

Stochastic Episodes of Latent Cytomegalovirus Transcription Drive CD8 T-Cell “Memory Inflation” and Avoid Immune Evasion

2021

Acute infection with murine cytomegalovirus (mCMV) is controlled by CD8+ T cells and develops into a state of latent infection, referred to as latency, which is defined by lifelong maintenance of viral genomes but absence of infectious virus in latently infected cell types. Latency is associated with an increase in numbers of viral epitope-specific CD8+ T cells over time, a phenomenon known as “memory inflation” (MI). The “inflationary” subset of CD8+ T cells has been phenotyped as KLRG1+CD62L- effector-memory T cells (iTEM). It is agreed upon that proliferation of iTEM requires repeated episodes of antigen presentation, which implies that antigen-encoding viral genes must be transcribed du…

Rapid identification and sorting of viable virus-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells based on antigen-triggered CD137 expression

2008

Abstract Current methods for the detection and isolation of antigen-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cells require the availability of peptide/MHC multimers or are restricted to cells that produce cytokines after antigen contact. Here we show that de novo cell surface expression of the TNF-receptor family member CD137 (4-1BB) identifies recently activated, but not resting, human CD4 + and CD8 + memory T cells. Maximum CD137 expression level is uniformly observed in both T-cell subsets at 24h after stimulation with antigen. In experiments with CMV and EBV-reactive T cells, we confirmed the specificity of CD137 expression by co-staining with peptide/HLA tetramers. Substantial proportions of CD137 +…

Targeting the activation-induced antigen CD137 can selectively deplete alloreactive T cells from antileukemic and antitumor donor T-cell lines.

2006

AbstractIn HLA-incompatible hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, alloreactive donor T cells recognizing recipient mismatch HLA cause severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Strategies allowing the selective depletion of alloreactive T cells as well as the enhancement of graft-versus-malignancy immunity would be beneficial. We generated donor CD8 T-cell lines in vitro using allogeneic recipient cells mismatched at a single HLA class I allele or haplotype as stimulators. Recipient cells were obtained from acute myeloid leukemias, renal-cell carcinomas, and CD40L-induced B lymphoblasts. Resulting alloreactive T cells were activated by incubating day 21 T-cell cultures with HLA-mismatch tr…

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma

2008

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a rare and aggressive neoplasm clinically characterized by sudden onset of constitutional symptoms, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, frequent autoimmune phenomena, particularly hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. The lymph node histological picture is also distinctive, constituted by a polymorphic infiltrate, a marked proliferation of high endothelial venules, and a dense meshwork of dentritic cells. The neoplastic CD4+ T-cells represent a minority of the lymph node cell population; its detection is facilitated by the aberrant expression of CD10. Almost all cases arbor an EBV infected B-cell populatio…

Città Metropolitane: dall’eco-sistema funzionale al super-organismo di sviluppo

2014

La crisi strutturale entro cui siamo avviluppati da più di un lustro chiede di essere affrontata, non solo come una messa a punto dei modelli di sviluppo consolidati – che hanno generato la crisi – ma soprattutto come occasione fertile per una radicale metamorfosi dei protocolli di sviluppo, dei modelli insediativi e dei processi produttivi. Mentre in Europa molti paesi hanno avviato con decisione la revisione sia della architettura istituzionale che dei modelli di sviluppo locale, in Italia le politiche di governo del territorio hanno attuato interventi palliativi, quando non addirittura pro-ciclici rispetto alla crisi. Soprattutto nel Mezzogiorno, i territori rurali in declino, le città s…

Noise-induced behavioral change driven by transient chaos

2022

We study behavioral change in the context of a stochastic, non-linear consumption model with preference adjusting, interdependent agents. Changes in long-run consumption behavior are modelled as noise induced transitions between coexisting attractors. A particular case of multistability is considered: two fixed points, whose immediate basins have smooth boundaries, coexist with a periodic attractor, with a fractal immediate basin boundary. If a trajectory leaves an immediate basin, it enters a set of complexly intertwined basins for which final state uncertainty prevails. The standard approach to predicting transition events rooted in the stochastic sensitivity function technique due to Mil…

COSA PASSA NEL CUORE DEI BAMBINI: EMOZIONI, EDUCAZIONE FAMILIARE E VITA BUONA

2012

Employees' perceptions of relational communication in full-time remote work in the public sector.

2021

The global COVID-19 pandemic has led to numerous changes in society. This paper aims to understand how the abrupt transfer to remote work is reflected in employees' perceptions of relational communication at their work. Our research question is as follows: What kinds of perceptions and profiles regarding relational communication can be found among full-time remote workers? A sample of 1, 091 Finnish public sector employees with virtually no previous experience in remote work completed an open-ended survey during the first wave of the pandemic. The findings present 17 aspects of relational communication that the respondents mentioned as having changed because of moving to remote work. These …

SIA DeLaval apgrozījuma ietekmējošo faktoru novērtējums

2021

Bakalaura darba tēma “SIA DeLaval apgrozījuma ietekmējošo faktoru novērtējums”. Jebkura uzņēmējdarbība ir orientēta uz maksimālas peļņas iegūšanu, tirgus daļas saglabāšanu vai paplašināšanu, ilgstošu attīstības iespēju nodrošināšanu un uzņēmuma vērtības palielināšanu. Pastāv vairāki faktori, kas ietekmē mērķa sasniegšanu – tirgus tendences, tirgus kopējais apjoms, konkurence, ekonomiskie apstākļi, vide un uzņēmuma iekšējā politika. Bakalaura darba mērķis ir, pamatojoties uz SIA DeLaval apgrozījuma ietekmējošo faktoru analīzi, sniegt priekšlikumus apgrozījuma palielināšanai. Darbā iekļautas trīs nodaļas, kas secīgi pakārtotas izvirzītā mērķa sasniegšanai. Darba nozīmīgākie secinājumi - SIA D…

Stochastic sensitivity of bull and bear states

2021

We study the price dynamics generated by a stochastic version of a Day–Huang type asset market model with heterogenous, interacting market participants. To facilitate the analysis, we introduce a methodology that allows us to assess the consequences of changes in uncertainty on the dynamics of an asset price process close to stable equilibria. In particular, we focus on noise-induced transitions between bull and bear states of the market under additive as well as parametric noise. Our results are obtained by combining the stochastic sensitivity function (SSF) approach, a mixture of analytical and numerical techniques, due to Mil’shtein and Ryashko (1995) with concepts and techniques from th…