Search results for "Salt"

showing 10 items of 1157 documents

Convenient Synthesis of Biologically Important Retinoids

1995

The toxic and teratogenic effects caused by the highly biologically active (all-E)-retinoic acid and its derivatives prompted us to synthesize a number of retinoids. We developed synthetic approaches to (all-E)-retinyl β-D-glucuronide 3, methyl (retinoyl β-D-glucopyranoside)uronate 5, (all-E)-retinoic acid β-D-glucopyranosyl ester 8 and (all-E)-retinoyl β-D-glucuronide 6 in high purity and yield. Compound 3 was synthesized under Koenigs-Knorr conditions from (all-E)-retinol and an α-halogenose. Compounds 5 and 8 were prepared by esterification of a silver salt of (all-E)-retinoic acid with an α-glycosyl halide in pyridine. (all-E)-Retinoyl β-D-glucuronide 6 was prepared by reaction of (all-…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryOrganic ChemistryRetinoic acidHalideSalt (chemistry)Biological activityGeneral ChemistryKoenigs–Knorr reactionchemistry.chemical_compoundYield (chemistry)PyridineOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryFluorideLiebigs Annalen
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Configuration of Enolates of β-Ketocarboxylic Acid Esters — Carbocation-Carbanion Salts

1996

Deprotonation of (Z)- or (E)-3-hydroxy-2,3-dimesitylpropenoic acid methyl ester (1a) with tetrakis(dimethylamino)-methane (3) led to stable salt (E)-2a, which belongs to a very rare species of salts that consist of a heteroatom-stabilized carbocation and a heteroatom-stabilized carbanion. An analogous guanidinium salt (E)-2b was formed in the reaction of 3-oxo-2,3-diphenylpropanoic acid methyl ester (1b) and 3. The molecular structures of these enolates were studied by NMR spectroscopy and an X-ray analysis of (E)-2a {MC[N(CH3)2]3} and compared with those of the corresponding alkali enolates.

chemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryOrganic ChemistrySalt (chemistry)General ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyCarbocationAlkali metalMedicinal chemistryMethanechemistry.chemical_compoundDeprotonationOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryX ray analysisCarbanionLiebigs Annalen
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Counterion's Effect on the Catalytic Activity of Zn-Prolinamide Complexes in Aldol Condensations

2012

The catalytic activity of complexes involving organic ligands and Lewis acids can be modulated by changing any of their components. In this work we have studied the influence on the stereoselectivity and catalytic activity exerted by the counterion of zinc salts employed as cocatalysts of L-prolinamide in aldol condensations. The structures of the complexes have been determined both in solution and in the solid state.

chemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryOrganic ChemistrySolid-stateZinc saltschemistry.chemical_elementZincCatalysisAldol reactionPolymer chemistryOrganic chemistryStereoselectivityLewis acids and basesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCounterionEuropean Journal of Organic Chemistry
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Organo-phosphorus compounds—LXVI

1970

Abstract The recemization kinetics of (+)-methyl-n-propylphenylphosphine were studied in several solvents of widely varying polarity. The recemization followed first order kinetics in every solvent with approximately equal activation energies of 30 ±3 kcal/mole. The rate of racemization showed no dependence on solvent polarity and could not be correlated with any known solvent parameters. The unusually slow racemization in caproic acid and in tributyl borate were attributed to partial salt and adduct formation respectively.

chemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryPhosphorusOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistryKineticsSalt (chemistry)chemistry.chemical_elementBiochemistryCaproic AcidAdductSolventDrug DiscoveryBoronRacemizationTetrahedron
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Physico-chemical investigation of nanostructures in liquid phases: Nickel chloride ionic clusters confined in sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate…

2009

The confinement of finite amounts of nickel chloride in the hydrophilic core of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) reverse micelles dispersed in n-heptane has been investigated by FT-IR, UV-vis-NIR and fluorescence spectroscopies. The analysis of experimental data consistently leads to hypothesize that NiCl(2) forms small size ionic clusters stabilized by a monolayer of oriented surfactant molecules. Due to confinement and interfacial effects, these ionic clusters show peculiar photophysical properties, which are different from those possessed by the bulk material. From NiCl(2)/AOT/n-heptane solutions, by evaporation of the organic solvent, interesting salt/surfactant nanocomposi…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChemistrySodiumInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSalt (chemistry)ChlorideMicelleSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiomaterialsNickelColloid and Surface ChemistryPulmonary surfactantMonolayermedicineMoleculereverse micelles nanoparticlesmedicine.drugJournal of Colloid and Interface Science
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Bis(oxamato)palladate(II) complexes: synthesis, crystal structure and application to catalytic Suzuki reaction

2015

New bis(oxamato)palladate(II) complexes, [Pd(H2O)4][Pd(2,6-Me2pma)2]·2H2O (1), (n-Bu4N)2[Pd(2,6-Me2pma)2]·2H2O (2a), and (n-Bu4N)2[Pd(2,6-Me2pma)2]·2CHCl3 (2b) (2,6-Me2pma = N-2,6-dimethylphenyoxamate and n-Bu4N+ = tetra-n-butylammonium), have been synthesized and the structures of 1 and 2b characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 is a double salt constituted by tetraaquapalladium(II) cations and bis(oxamato)palladate(II) anions interlinked by hydrogen bonds. The palladium(II) ions in 1 are four-coordinate with two oxygens and two nitrogens from two fully deprotonated oxamate ligands (anion), and four water molecules (cation) building centrosymmetric square-planar surrou…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryStereochemistryArylIodidechemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structureMedicinal chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDouble saltDeprotonationSuzuki reactionBromideMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPalladium
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Isolation of enantiomerically pure organometallic palladium compounds: synthesis of the triangles prepared from enantiopure [cis-Pd2(C6H4PPh2)2(NCCH3…

2009

Reaction of the racemic [Pd(C(6)H(4)PPh(2))Br](4) () with the silver salt of 1R-(1alpha,2beta,3alpha)]-3-methyl-2-(nitromethyl)-5-oxocyclopentaneacetate, (R)-AgO(2)CR*, results in the formation of a mixture of diastereoisomers (RRR)- and (SRR)- of the formula Pd(2)(C(6)H(4)PPh(2))(2)(O(2)CR*)(2) that were separated by standard chromatographic methods. Each diastereoisomer was readily converted into the tetrametallic stereoisomers (SS)- and (RR)-, of the formula [Pd(C(6)H(4)PPh(2))Br](4) that were isolated and characterized by X-ray crystallography. The R enantiomer of the solvated cationic species [cis-Pd(2)(C(6)H(4)PPh(2))(2)(NCCH(3))(4)](2+), obtained from (RR)-, was reacted with ammonium…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryStereochemistryCationic polymerizationDiastereomerSalt (chemistry)chemistry.chemical_elementInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundEnantiopure drugAmmonium31p nmr spectroscopyEnantiomerPalladiumDalton Transactions
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ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of the Hydrofluoroborate Salts of Open-Chain Analogues of Reissert Compounds with Some α,β-Ethylenic Esters.

2010

The reaction of the hydrofluoroborate salt of an open-chain analogue of a Reissert compound with some α,β-ethylenic esters does not give a [4 + 2] cycloadduct, as previously described in the case of ethyl acrylate. The reaction starts with a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of a munchnone imine 5c, d. The [3 + 2] cycloadducts 13 evolve via a rearrangement–condensation sequence to give a substituted 2-pyridone derivative 18 or 19. The proposed mechanism has been verified by the isolation and structural X-ray analysis of some compounds of the reaction sequence.

chemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryStereochemistryImineSalt (chemistry)Sequence (biology)General MedicineMedicinal chemistryCycloadditionchemistry.chemical_compoundReaction sequenceChain (algebraic topology)Ethyl acrylateDerivative (chemistry)ChemInform
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Metallic Charge‐Transfer Salts of Bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene with Paramagnetic Tetrachloro(oxalato)rhenate(IV) and Tris(chloranilato)ferra…

2014

The synthesis, crystal structure and physical characterization of three radical salts of the donor bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (BEDT-TTF or ET) and tetrachloro(oxalato)rhenate(IV) {[ReCl4(C2O4)]2–} or tris(chloranilato)ferrate(III) {[Fe(C6O4Cl2)3]3–} anions are reported. The isolated salts with ReIV are (ET)[ReCl4(C2O4)] [1, monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 18.3409(3) A, b = 10.8414(2) A, c = 11.1285(3) A, β = 99.9714(7)°, V = 2179.38(8) A3, Z = 4] and (ET)4[ReCl4(C2O4)]·C6H5CN [2, monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 11.8549(2) A, b = 32.9079(5) A, c = 36.4154(5) A, β = 96.742(2)°, V = 14108.1(4) A3, Z = 8]. The salt with FeIII is (ET)6[Fe(C6O4Cl2)3]·(H2O)1.5·(CH2Cl2)0.5 […

chemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryStereochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSalt (chemistry)Crystal structureTriclinic crystal systemRheniumInorganic ChemistryMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumMoleculeTetrathiafulvaleneMonoclinic crystal systemEuropean Journal of Inorganic Chemistry
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ChemInform Abstract: Solution-, Solid-Phase, and Fluorous Synthesis of β,β-Difluorinated Cyclic Quaternary α-Amino Acid Derivatives: A Comparative St…

2008

The diastereoselective synthesis of cyclic β,β-difluorinated α-amino acid derivatives bearing a quaternary stereocenter is described. The process relies on the chemo- and diastereoselective addition of allylic organometallic reagents to fluorinated α-imino esters and a subsequent ring-closing metathesis reaction (RCM). Complete selectivity in the nucleophilic addition was achieved with (R)-phenylglycinol methyl ether as a chiral auxiliary. The resulting amino acids were introduced into peptide chains, which could facilitate the preparation of potentially bioactive dipeptide derivatives. In addition, the solution synthesis of these cyclic fluorinated α-amino acids was successfully adapted to…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChiral auxiliarychemistry.chemical_compoundAllylic rearrangementDipeptideNucleophilic additionchemistrySalt metathesis reactionEtherGeneral MedicineCombinatorial chemistryStereocenterAmino acidChemInform
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