Search results for "Sants"
showing 10 items of 262 documents
Evaluation of carbamazepine uptake and metabolization by Typha spp., a plant with potential use in phytotreatment
2011
Abstract Phytoremediation technologies such as constructed wetlands have shown higher efficiencies in removal of pharmaceuticals from wastewaters than conventional wastewater treatment processes, and plants seem to have an important role in the removal of some of those compounds. In this context, a study was conducted to assess tolerance, uptake, and metabolism of the epilepsy drug, carbamazepine, by the macrophyte Typha spp. This evaluation was conducted in hydroponic solutions with 0.5–2.0 mg/L of this pharmaceutical for a maximum period of 21 days. The removal of carbamazepine from nutrient solutions by the plants reached values of 82% of the initial contents. Furthermore, a metabolite (…
Metal complexes of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor methazolamide (Hmacm). Crystal structure of the Zn(macm)2 (NH3)2. Anticonvulsant properties of th…
1995
Complexes of Co(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) with deprotonated methazolamide and ammonia are synthesized and characterized. The complex Zn(macm)2(NH3)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group with a = 13.468(1), b = 6.759(1), c = 23.014(2) A, beta = 90.27(1), and Z = 4. The structure was refined to R = 0.049 (Rw = 0.053). The Zn(II) ion is coordinated to two deprotonated sulfonamido nitrogen atoms of the macm- ligand and two nitrogen atoms of the ammonia ligands in a distorted tetrahedron. The Zn(macm)2(NH3)2 complex is shown to be a simple model for the methazolamide inhibition of CA. EHMO calculations applied to fractional coordinates of the Zn(macm)2(NH3)2 complex indicate that the at…
Near Infrared Spectroscopy Detection and Quantification of Herbal Medicines Adulterated with Sibutramine.
2015
There is an increasing demand for herbal medicines in weight loss treatment. Some synthetic chemicals, such as sibutramine (SB), have been detected as adulterants in herbal formulations. In this study, two strategies using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy have been developed to evaluate potential adulteration of herbal medicines with SB: a qualitative screening approach and a quantitative methodology based on multivariate calibration. Samples were composed by products commercialized as herbal medicines, as well as by laboratory adulterated samples. Spectra were obtained in the range of 14,000-4000 per cm. Using PLS-DA, a correct classification of 100% was achieved for the external validatio…
Contributions of statistical modelling for the understanding of the nivo-glaciological dynamics of a small arctic glacial basin (Austre Lovén glacier…
2021
Since the middle of the 19th century, the Earth has experienced a climate shift marked by a high rise in temperature (+ 0.85 °C over the period 1880-2012). The Arctic is the region of the world that is warming the most rapidly, at a rate of 2 to 3 times faster than the global average. In this context, all components of the Arctic cryosphere are experiencing a change in their dynamics. Because of their direct links with the atmosphere, glaciers are among the best indicators of these climate variations. Like other glaciers on the globe, the glaciers of Svalbard, which cover 60% of the archipelago’s surface, have been retreating since the end of the Little Ice Age. This retreat, which is refle…
Use of amitriptyline for the treatment of chronic tension-type headache : review of the literature
2008
Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant, considered the treatment of choice for different types of chronic pain, including chronic myofascial pain. Its antinociceptive property is independent of its antidepressant effect. Although its analgesic mechanism is not precisely known, it is believed that the serotonin reuptake inhibition in the central nervous system plays a fundamental role in pain control. Although this medication is widely used in the prevention of chronic tension-type headache, few studies have investigated the efficacy of this treatment and the published results are contradictory. The objective of this article was to review the literature published on the use of amitripty…
Activation of glycine receptors modulates spontaneous epileptiform activity in the immature rat hippocampus
2014
While the expression of glycine receptors in the immature hippocampus has been shown, no information about the role of glycine receptors in controlling the excitability in the immature CNS is available. Therefore, we examined the effect of glycinergic agonists and antagonists in the CA3 region of an intact corticohippocampal preparation of the immature (postnatal days 4-7) rat using field potential recordings. Bath application of 100 μM taurine or 10 μM glycine enhanced the occurrence of recurrent epileptiform activity induced by 20 μM 4-aminopyridine in low Mg(2+) solution. This proconvulsive effect was prevented by 3 μM strychnine or after incubation with the loop diuretic bumetanide (10 …
The use of tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders: systematic review of the literature of the last 20 years
2009
Many therapies have been proposed for the management of temporomandibular disorders, including the use of different drugs. However, lack of knowledge about the mechanisms behind the pain associated with this pathology, and the fact that the studies carried out so far use highly disparate patient selection criteria, mean that results on the effectiveness of the different medications are inconclusive. This study makes a systematic review of the literature published on the use of tricyclic antidepressants for the treatment of temporomandibular disorders, using the SORT criteria (Strength of recommendation taxonomy) to consider the level of scientific evidence of the different studies. Followin…
Antiepileptic Drugs for the Treatment of Chronic and Episodic Cluster Headache: A Review.
2007
Cluster headache needs to be rapidly diagnosed and effectively managed, as the individual headache attacks that are characteristic of this disorder are excruciatingly painful and debilitating. Preventive therapies are necessary to reduce the frequency of attacks during the cluster period. However, preventive therapy for this disorder is limited by a lack of controlled evidence of efficacy and the potential for systemic toxicity. Recent progress has been made in understanding both the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cluster headache and the mechanisms of action of the antiepileptic drug class for the treatment of primary headache syndromes. Newly available preliminary clinical trial…
Topiramate and Metabolic Acidosis in Infants and Toddlers
2002
Summary: Purpose: Topiramate (TPM) inhibits carbonic anhydrase, with metabolic acidosis as a possible side effect, although this has been reported in only two adult cases. We investigated the acid–base metabolism in infants and toddlers treated with TPM. Methods: Nine infants and toddlers aged 5 months to 2.3 years (median, 6 months) were treated with TPM at maximal doses of 8.2–26 mg/kg/day (median, 11 mg/kg/day). The maximal TPM dose was achieved after 8–35 days (median, 17 days). TPM was given in addition to other antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in five cases and as a sole AED in four patients with refractory epilepsy resistant to multiple AEDs. The diagnoses were infantile spasms (n = 5), e…
Astrocytes in culture express the full-length Trk-B receptor and respond to brain derived neurotrophic factor by changing intracellular calcium level…
2000
Abstract Although cultured astroglial cells were reported to express exclusively the truncated non-catalytic Trk B receptor for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), we detect here, using a sensitive ribonuclease protection assay, mRNAs for both truncated (TrkB–T) and the full length catalytic (TrkB–fl) form of BDNF receptor in developing cortical astrocytes and neurons in culture. Cortical neurons and immature astroglia, such as radial glia and proliferating astrocytes, express both the protein and mRNAs for TrkB-fl and TrkB-T, whereas the differentiation of astrocytes leads to a decrease in the trkB-fl mRNA, being the truncated TrkB the predominant receptor in differentiating and conf…