Search results for "Satellite"
showing 10 items of 1031 documents
Classifying Major Explosions and Paroxysms at Stromboli Volcano (Italy) from Space
2021
Stromboli volcano has a persistent activity that is almost exclusively explosive. Predominated by low intensity events, this activity is occasionally interspersed with more powerful episodes, known as major explosions and paroxysms, which represent the main hazards for the inhabitants of the island. Here, we propose a machine learning approach to distinguish between paroxysms and major explosions by using satellite-derived measurements. We investigated the high energy explosive events occurring in the period January 2018–April 2021. Three distinguishing features are taken into account, namely (i) the temporal variations of surface temperature over the summit area, (ii) the magnitude of the …
Highlights from the ARGO-YBJ Experiment
2012
""The ARGO-YBJ experiment at YangBaJing in Tibet (4300m a.s.l.) has been taking data with its full layout since October 2007. Here we present a few significant results obtained in gamma-ray astronomy and cosmic-ray physics. Emphasis is placed on the analysis of gamma-ray emission from point-like sources (Crab Nebula, MRK 421), on the preliminary limit on the antiproton\\\/proton flux ratio, on the large-scale cosmic-ray anisotropy and on the proton-air cross-section. The performance of the detector is also discussed, and the perspectives of the experiment are outlined.""
NMR crystallography of 2-Acylamino-6-[1H]pyridones: solid state NMR, GIPAW computational, and single crystal X-ray diffraction studies
2011
Abstract 2-Acylamino-6-[1H]-pyridones [acyl = RCO, where R = methyl (1), ethyl (2), iso-propyl (3), tert-butyl (4), and 1-adamantyl (5)] have been synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy. From three congeners, 2, 3 and 5, also single crystal X-ray structures have been solved. For these derivatives GIPAW calculations acts as a “bridge” between solid-state NMR data and calculated chemical shifts based on X-ray determined geometry. In crystals all three compounds exist as pyridone tautomers possessing similar six-membered ring structure stabilized by intramolecular C O⋯HN hydrogen bond. Theoretical GIPAW calculated and experimental 13C and 15N CPMAS NMR shifts are in excellent agreem…
NMR spectral and X-ray structural investigation of 1,3-bis(2-quinolyl)-2-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-propanol
2000
Abstract 1,3-Bis(2-quinolyl)-2-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-propanol (BQCP) has been prepared and characterised by 1H, 13C, 15N NMR spectral and X-ray structural parameters. The methylene protons of BQCP are diastereotopic in solution (CDCl3) as revealed by 1H NMR. In crystalline state there exists an intramolecular hydrogen bond O–H⋯N with one of two nitrogen atoms in BQCP. Variable temperature 1H NMR and PFG 1H, 15N HMBC runs show that in solution BQCP shows C2v-symmetry (both CH2-2-quinolyl fragments are equivalent) in NMR-time scale due to a fast exchange of the hydrogen bond from one nitrogen to the other even at 223 K.
Crop and irrigation water management using high resolution remote sensing and agrohydrological models
2006
A combined agrohydrological and remote sensing approach, called SIMODIS (Simulation and Management of On‐Demand Irrigation Systems) (D’Urso, 2001), has been used in a Sicilian test area to simulate the operation of on‐demand irrigation system. In SIMODIS the spatial distribution of crop factor, Kc, is directly calculated from canopy variables r (albedo), LAI (Leaf Area Index) and hc (crop height) derived from satellite‐based canopy spectral reflectance. Coupling these canopy variables with a specific data set of soil properties, the SIMODIS procedure was setup to simulate, in a distributed way, the water balance and, therefore, the irrigation deliveries for a set of 136 grape fields. For th…
ON THE USE OF SATELLITE THERMAL DATA FOR DETERMINING EVAPOTRANSPIRATION IN PARTIALLY VEGETATED AREAS
1992
Abstract The use of satellite data for determining daily evapotranspiration over completely vegetated areas has been analysed by different authors. However, if the soil surface is partially covered by vegetation the problem becomes more complicated, because in this case the value of the temperature measured by the satellite varies with the viewing geometry. In this work we have studied the influence of the satellite observation angle for crops with different cover degree, field geometry and ground emissivity. For this purpose we have used the simplified relation proposed by Jackson et al.LET d=Rnd−B(T3−T a)iwhere ET 4 and R nd are the daily values of evapotranspiration and net radiation res…
Estimating Maize (Zea mays) cvapotranspiration from NOAA-AVHRR thermal data in the Albacete area, Spain
1994
Abstract We have estimated evapotranspiration from maize (Zca mays) using NOAA thermal images infrared and meteorological data, by means of the relation where Ed is the daily evapotranspiration, is the daily net radiation expressed in mm of water per day, (Ta−Ts)i is the temperature difference between air and corn surface obtained near midday, and Bi is a semi-empirical constant which has been calculated as 0·53±0·10mm day−1K−1. We have tested the method obtaining actual daily evapotranspiration of maize with an acceptable precision (±0·9 mm day−1 taken Penman's method as the standard). Finally, a practical example is included, in which the different steps followed for applying the develope…
Assessing actual evapotranspiration via surface energy balance aiming to optimize water and energy consumption in large scale pressurized irrigation …
2017
Satellite imagery provides a dependable basis for computational models that aimed to determine actual evapotranspiration (ET) by surface energy balance. Satellite-based models enables quantifying ET over large areas for a wide range of applications, such as monitoring water distribution, managing irrigation and assessing irrigation systems’ performance. With the aim to evaluate the energy and water consumption of a large scale on-turn pressurized irrigation system in the district of Aguas Nuevas, Albacete, Spain, the satellite-based image-processing model SEBAL was used for calculating actual ET. The model has been applied to quantify instantaneous, daily, and seasonal actual ET over high- …
Yeast ecology of vineyards within Marsala wine area (western Sicily) in two consecutive vintages and selection of autochthonous Saccharomyces cerevis…
2012
In this work, the yeast ecology associated with the spontaneous fermentation of Grillo cultivar grapes from 10 vineyards was analyzed from grape harvest till complete consumption of must sugars. The microbiological investigation started with the plate count onto two culture media to distinguish total yeasts (TY) and presumptive Saccharomyces (PS). Yeasts were randomly isolated and identified by a combined genotypic approach consisting of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of 5.8S rRNA gene and 26S rRNA and sequencing of D1/D2 domain of the 26S rRNA gene, which resulted in the recognition of 14 species belonging to 10 genera. The distribution of the yeasts within the vineyards s…
An integrative approach to unravel the Ceratitis FAR (Diptera, Tephritidae) cryptic species complex: a review
2015
Abstract This paper reviews all information gathered from different disciplines and studies to resolve the species status within the Ceratitis FAR (Ceratitis fasciventris, Ceratitis anonae, Ceratitis rosa) complex, a group of polyphagous fruit fly pest species (Diptera, Tephritidae) from Africa. It includes information on larval and adult morphology, wing morphometrics, cuticular hydrocarbons, pheromones, microsatellites, developmental physiology and geographic distribution. The general consensus is that the FAR complex comprises Ceratitis anonae, two species within Ceratitis rosa (so-called R1 and R2) and two putatitve species under Ceratitis fasciventris. The information regarding the lat…