Search results for "Satu"

showing 10 items of 1367 documents

Inter-Chain Structure Factors of Flexible Polymers in Solutions: A Monte Carlo Investigation

1997

Off-lattice Monte Carlo simulations of both the single chain structure factor h(q) and the inter-chain structure factor HD(q) of flexible polymers in solutions are presented over a wide range of both wavenumber q and concentration c from the dilute to the concentrated regime, for chain lengths up to N = 256. The single chain properties $\{$gyration radius 〈Rg2〉, $h(q)\}$ are in reasonable agreement with the expected theoretical behavior, showing a crossover from swollen chains $\{\langle R_{\rm g}^2\rangle \propto N^{2\nu} ,~ h(q) \propto q^{-1/\nu}\}$ to Gaussian chains, and the data comply with a scaling description, with a correlation length ξ∝c-ν/(3ν-1). However, the inter-chain structu…

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)ChemistryMonte Carlo methodGeneral EngineeringRadiusAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsChain (algebraic topology)Saturation (graph theory)WavenumberStatistical physicsAtomic physicsStructure factorRandom phase approximationScalingJournal de Physique II
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Gravitational Waves from Disks Around Spinning Black Holes: Simulations in Full General Relativity

2020

We present fully general-relativistic numerical evolutions of self-gravitating tori around spinning black holes with dimensionless spin $a/M = 0.7$ parallel or anti-parallel to the disk angular momentum. The initial disks are unstable to the hydrodynamic Papaloizou-Pringle Instability which causes them to grow persistent orbiting matter clumps. The effect of black hole spin on the growth and saturation of the instability is assessed. We find that the instability behaves similarly to prior simulations with non-spinning black holes, with a shift in frequency due to spin-induced changes in disk orbital period. Copious gravitational waves are generated by these systems, and we analyze their det…

PhysicsAstrofísicaHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Angular momentumGravitational waveGeneral relativityStar (game theory)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)General Relativity and Quantum CosmologyArticleRedshiftBlack holeGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologySaturation (graph theory)Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsDimensionless quantity
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Relaxation mechanisms affecting magneto-optical resonances in an extremely thin cell: Experiment and theory for the cesiumD1line

2015

We have measured magneto-optical signals obtained by exciting the $D_1$ line of cesium atoms confined to an extremely thin cell (ETC), whose walls are separated by less than one micrometer, and developed an improved theoretical model to describe these signals with experimental precision. The theoretical model was based on the optical Bloch equations and included all neighboring hyperfine transitions, the mixing of the magnetic sublevels in an external magnetic field, and the Doppler effect, as in previous studies. However, in order to model the extreme conditions in the ETC more realistically, the model was extended to include a unified treatment of transit relaxation and wall collisions wi…

PhysicsAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)FOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhysics - Atomic PhysicsD-1Magnetic fieldlaw.inventionsymbols.namesakechemistrylawCaesiumThermalsymbolsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsDoppler effectSaturation (magnetic)Hyperfine structurePhysical Review A
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Chiral approach to antikaons- andp-wave interactions in dense nuclear matter

2006

The properties of the antikaons in nuclear matter are investigated from a chiral unitary approach which incorporates the $s$- and $p$-waves of the $\overline{K}N$ interaction. To obtain the in-medium meson-baryon amplitudes we include, in a self-consistent way, Pauli blocking effects, meson self-energies corrected by nuclear short-range correlations and baryon binding potentials. We pay special attention to investigating the validity of the on-shell factorization, showing that it cannot be applied in the evaluation of the in-medium corrections to the $p$-wave amplitudes. In nuclear matter at saturation energy, the \ensuremath{\Lambda} and \ensuremath{\Sigma} develop an attractive potential …

PhysicsBaryonNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsUnitarityMesonNuclear TheoryBound stateHyperonSaturation (graph theory)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear matterEnergy (signal processing)Physical Review C
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Bistable phase locking in a low fresnel number nondegenerate optical oscillator with injected signal

2011

Degenerate four-wave mixing oscillators are phase-bistable cavities. In such systems, above the oscillation threshold, two equivalent states, of equal intensities but opposite phases are generated. This phase bistability extends over the whole range of stable emission, unlike the intensity bistability (in, e.g. a saturable absorber cavity) that exits in a limited range of injection. When the cavity Fresnel number is large different patches of the beam transverse section can have different phases and a pattern forms. Basic patterns here are phase fronts (or domain walls), which are 1D structures separating regions with opposite phase that manifest as dark lines (as the phase jumps by p acros…

PhysicsBistabilitybusiness.industryPhase (waves)Physics::OpticsSaturable absorptionOptical bistabilityFour-wave mixingOpticsMode-lockingFresnel numberAtomic physicsbusinessOptical vortex
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Characterization ofE′δand triplet point defects in oxygen-deficient amorphous silicon dioxide

2006

We report an experimental study by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray irradiation induced point defects in oxygen deficient amorphous $\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ materials. We have found that three intrinsic ($\mathrm{E}^{\ensuremath{'}}{}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$, $\mathrm{E}^{\ensuremath{'}}{}_{\ensuremath{\delta}}$, and triplet) and one extrinsic $({[\mathrm{Al}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}]}^{0})$ paramagnetic centers are induced. All the paramagnetic defects but $\mathrm{E}^{\ensuremath{'}}{}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$ center are found to reach a concentration limit value for doses above ${10}^{3}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kGy}$, suggesting a generation process f…

PhysicsCenter (category theory)Charge (physics)Condensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionParamagnetismUnpaired electronlawSaturation (graph theory)Atomic physicsWave functionElectron paramagnetic resonanceHyperfine structurePhysical Review B
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Two Applications of Geometric Optimal Control to the Dynamics of Spin Particles

2014

The purpose of this article is to present the application of methods from geometric optimal control to two problems in the dynamics of spin particles. First, we consider the saturation problem for a single spin system and second, the control of a linear chain of spin particles with Ising couplings. For both problems the minimizers are parameterized using Pontryagin Maximum Principle and the optimal solution is found by a careful analysis of the corresponding equations.

PhysicsClassical mechanicsChain (algebraic topology)Bloch equationsDynamics (mechanics)Mathematical analysisParameterized complexityIsing modelSaturation (chemistry)Optimal controlSpin-½
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Geometric versus numerical optimal control of a dissipative spin-12particle

2010

We analyze the saturation of a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal using optimal magnetic fields. We consider both the problems of minimizing the duration of the control and its energy for a fixed duration. We solve the optimal control problems by using geometric methods and a purely numerical approach, the grape algorithm, the two methods being based on the application of the Pontryagin maximum principle. A very good agreement is obtained between the two results. The optimal solutions for the energy-minimization problem are finally implemented experimentally with available NMR techniques.

PhysicsClassical mechanicsDissipative systemApplied mathematicsMinificationSpin (physics)Optimal controlSaturation (magnetic)Resonance (particle physics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsEnergy (signal processing)Magnetic fieldPhysical Review A
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Monte Carlo Test of the Classical Theory for Heterogeneous Nucleation Barriers

2010

Flat walls facilitate the condensation of a supersaturated vapor: Classical theory of heterogeneous nucleation predicts that the free energy barrier $\Delta F_{\rm het}^*$ which needs to be overcome for the formation of sphere-cap shaped nucleation seeds is smaller than the barrier $\Delta F^*_{\rm hom}$ for spherical droplets in the bulk by a factor $0<f(\theta)<1$, which only depends on the contact angle $\theta$. In this letter we compute both $\Delta F^*_{\rm hom}$ and $\Delta F^*_{\rm het}$ from Monte Carlo simulations and test the theory for the lattice gas model (for which $\theta$ can be readily controlled). Even though the theory is only based on macroscopic arguments, it is shown …

PhysicsClassical theorySupersaturationCondensed matter physicsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Monte Carlo methodNucleationGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesContact angleLattice (order)Statistical physicsWettingNanoscopic scaleCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
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Efficiency and dynamic range of the photostimulable x-ray storage material KBr:In

1997

By calibrating the photostimulated luminescence (PSL) response with the known intensity of a standard light source, efficiency of the KBr:In powder material to the x- ray bremsstrahlung exposure at room temperature is estimated. At 44 and 85 kV voltages on the x-ray tube, the values of (8 plus or minus 2) multiplied by 10 5 and (18 plus or minus 4) multiplied by 10 5 photons from 1 mm 2 area of the 1 mm thick material are obtained as PSL responses on a 1 mR x-ray exposure, respectively. Under an assumption of the uniform x-ray excitation within the material, the maximum values for the x-ray irradiation dose and the PSL response both corresponding to the upper limit of linearity range are te…

PhysicsDynamic rangePhotostimulated luminescenceAnalytical chemistryBremsstrahlungX-rayIrradiationLuminescenceSaturation (chemistry)PSLSPIE Proceedings
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