Search results for "Scaling"

showing 10 items of 754 documents

Candesartan Cilexetil In Vitro-In Vivo Correlation: Predictive Dissolution as a Development Tool

2020

[EN] The main objective of this investigation was to develop an in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) for immediate release candesartan cilexetil formulations by designing an in vitro dissolution test to be used as development tool. The IVIVC could be used to reduce failures in future bioequivalence studies. Data from two bioequivalence studies were scaled and combined to obtain the dataset for the IVIVC. Two-step and one-step approaches were used to develop the IVIVC. Experimental solubility and permeability data confirmed candesartan cilexetil. Biopharmaceutic Classification System (BCS) class II candesartan average plasma profiles were deconvoluted by the Loo-Riegelman method to obtain th…

Chromatographygenetic structuresChemistryPharmaceutical Sciencelcsh:RS1-441Time scalingBioequivalenceBCSArticleCandesartan cilexetillcsh:Pharmacy and materia medicaCandesartanIVIVCIn vivomedicinePredictive in vivo-dissolutionIn vitro in vivoSolubilityIVIVCDissolutionmedicine.drugBioequivalence
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Multiplications of Distributions in One Dimension and a First Application to Quantum Field Theory

2002

In a previous paper we introduced a class of multiplications of distributions in one dimension. Here we furnish different generalizations of the original definition and we discuss some applications of these procedures to the multiplication of delta functions and to quantum field theory. © 2002 Elsevier Science (USA).

Class (set theory)Pure mathematicsThermal quantum field theoryApplied MathematicsFOS: Physical sciencesAnalysiMathematical Physics (math-ph)Scaling dimensionAlgebraDimension (vector space)Beta function (physics)MultiplicationQuantum field theorySettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaMathematical PhysicsAnalysisMathematicsJournal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
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Scaling behavior of an airplane-boarding model

2013

An airplane-boarding model, introduced earlier by Frette and Hemmer [Phys. Rev. E 85, 011130 (2012)], is studied with the aim of determining precisely its asymptotic power-law scaling behavior for a large number of passengers $N$. Based on Monte Carlo simulation data for very large system sizes up to $N={2}^{16}=65\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}536$, we have analyzed numerically the scaling behavior of the mean boarding time $\ensuremath{\langle}{t}_{b}\ensuremath{\rangle}$ and other related quantities. In analogy with critical phenomena, we have used appropriate scaling Ans\"atze, which include the leading term as some power of $N$ (e.g., $\ensuremath{\propto}$${N}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$ for …

CombinatoricsPhysicsCritical phenomenaExponentSecond moment of areaTime stepScalingPhysical Review E
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Rigidity of random networks of stiff fibers in the low-density limit.

2001

Rigidity percolation is analyzed in two-dimensional random networks of stiff fibers. As fibers are randomly added to the system there exists a density threshold ${q=q}_{\mathrm{min}}$ above which a rigid stress-bearing percolation cluster appears. This threshold is found to be above the connectivity percolation threshold ${q=q}_{c}$ such that ${q}_{\mathrm{min}}=(1.1698\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}{0.0004)q}_{c}.$ The transition is found to be continuous, and in the universality class of the two-dimensional central-force rigidity percolation on lattices. At percolation threshold the rigid backbone of the percolating cluster was found to break into rigid clusters, whose number diverges in the…

CombinatoricsRigidity (electromagnetism)Condensed matter physicsAverage sizeCluster (physics)ExponentLow densityPercolation thresholdRenormalization groupScalingMathematicsPhysical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
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Global convergence and rate of convergence of a method of centers

1994

We consider a method of centers for solving constrained optimization problems. We establish its global convergence and that it converges with a linear rate when the starting point of the algorithm is feasible as well as when the starting point is infeasible. We demonstrate the effect of the scaling on the rate of convergence. We extend afterwards, the stability result of [5] to the infeasible case anf finally, we give an application to semi-infinite optimization problems.

Computational MathematicsMathematical optimizationControl and OptimizationOptimization problemRate of convergenceApplied MathematicsConvergence (routing)Linear ratePoint (geometry)Convergence testsScalingCompact convergenceMathematicsComputational Optimization and Applications
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Power estimation for non-standardized multisite studies

2016

A concern for researchers planning multisite studies is that scanner and T1-weighted sequence-related biases on regional volumes could overshadow true effects, especially for studies with a heterogeneous set of scanners and sequences. Current approaches attempt to harmonize data by standardizing hardware, pulse sequences, and protocols, or by calibrating across sites using phantom-based corrections to ensure the same raw image intensities. We propose to avoid harmonization and phantom-based correction entirely. We hypothesized that the bias of estimated regional volumes is scaled between sites due to the contrast and gradient distortion differences between scanners and sequences. Given this…

Computer scienceCognitive Neurosciencecomputer.software_genreSensitivity and Specificity050105 experimental psychologyImaging phantomArticleSet (abstract data type)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDistortionImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedCalibrationmedicine[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSegmentationComputer Simulation10. No inequalityScalingModels Statisticalmedicine.diagnostic_test05 social sciencesContrast (statistics)BrainReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingEquipment DesignScale factorImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingUnited StatesEquipment Failure AnalysisEuropeNeurologyOrdinary least squaresData miningFunction and Dysfunction of the Nervous SystemArtifactscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAlgorithms
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Statistical geometric affinity in human brain electric activity

2007

10 pages, 9 figures.-- PACS nrs.: 87.19.La; 05.45.Tp.-- ISI Article Identifier: 000246890100105

Computer scienceModels NeurologicalNeurophysiologyElectroencephalographyInterpretation (model theory)[PACS] Time series analysis (nonlinear dynamical systems)LacunaritymedicineHumansComputer SimulationDiagnosis Computer-AssistedWakefulnessRepresentation (mathematics)ScalingEvoked PotentialsModels Statisticalmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industry[PACS] Neuroscience (higher organisms)BrainPattern recognitionElectroencephalographyNeurophysiologyAmplitudeStatistical analysisData Interpretation StatisticalBioelectric phenomenaLacunarityAffine transformationArtificial intelligenceSleep StagesbusinessSleep
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Crack bifurcations in a strained lattice

1996

Dynamic crack propagation in a strained, granular, and brittle material is investigated by modeling the material as a lattice network of elastic beams. By tuning the strain and the ratio of axial to bending stiffness of the beams, a crack propagates either straight, or it branches, or it bifurcates. The crack tip velocity is calculated approximately for cracks that propagate straight. In a bifurcated crack the number of broken beams follows a scaling law. The shape of the branches is found to be the same as in recent experiments.

Condensed Matter::Materials ScienceScaling lawBrittlenessMaterials scienceLattice (order)Bending stiffnessPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsFracture mechanicsMechanicsPhysics::Classical PhysicsLattice networkPhysics::GeophysicsPhysical Review B
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Observation of the Kibble-Zurek scaling law for defect formation in ion crystals

2013

Traversal of a symmetry-breaking phase transition at finite rates can lead to causally separated regions with incompatible symmetries and the formation of defects at their boundaries, which has a crucial role in quantum and statistical mechanics, cosmology and condensed matter physics. This mechanism is conjectured to follow universal scaling laws prescribed by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. Here we determine the scaling law for defect formation in a crystal of 16 laser-cooled trapped ions, which are conducive to the precise control of structural phases and the detection of defects. The experiment reveals an exponential scaling of defect formation γ(β), where γ is the rate of traversal of the …

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesKibble-Zurek mechanismPhysicsScaling lawQuantum PhysicsMultidisciplinaryCondensed matter physicsCoulomb crystalsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyGeneral ChemistryMeasure (mathematics)General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyIonCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterClassical mechanicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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Quasi-continuous-time impurity solver for the dynamical mean-field theory with linear scaling in the inverse temperature

2013

We present an algorithm for solving the self-consistency equations of the dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) with high precision and efficiency at low temperatures. In each DMFT iteration, the impurity problem is mapped to an auxiliary Hamiltonian, for which the Green function is computed by combining determinantal quantum Monte Carlo (BSS-QMC) calculations with a multigrid extrapolation procedure. The method is numerically exact, i.e., yields results which are free of significant Trotter errors, but retains the BSS advantage, compared to direct QMC impurity solvers, of linear (instead of cubic) scaling with the inverse temperature. The new algorithm is applied to the half-filled Hubbard mo…

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesModels StatisticalStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Hubbard modelQuantum Monte CarloTemperatureExtrapolationFOS: Physical sciencesMott transitionCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electronssymbols.namesakeMultigrid methodQuantum mechanicsLinear ModelssymbolsLinear scaleThermodynamicsComputer SimulationCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsStatistical physicsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)ScalingAlgorithmsMathematicsPhysical Review E
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