Search results for "Scaling"

showing 10 items of 754 documents

Main Trends in Regional Innovation Systems: An Author Co-citation Analysis

2010

Regional Innovation Systems are increasingly attracting attention on behalf of accademics, practitioners and policy makers. This has produced a wide array of studies in the field, both regards the specific themes treated and the perspectives adopted. Though a number of sujective reviews of the field have been proposed, these tend to present the field according to the analysts' subjective biases and tends to meld what the field is with what the field should be. In order to overcome the limitations present in the subjective reviews proposed untill today, in this study we conduct an objective review of the main contributions to the Regional Innovation Systems fiels of studies.

Regional Innovation Systems Author co-citation analysis multidimensional scaling cluster analysis factor analysisSettore SECS-P/08 - Economia E Gestione Delle Imprese
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Collisional shifting and broadening coefficients for the rovibrational anisotropic S(J) lines of nitrogen studied by inverse Raman spectroscopy

1996

0377-0486; Line shifting and broadening coefficients of the anisotropic S(J) lines (v = 0, J --> v = 1, J + 2) of the nitrogen molecule were measured at room temperature using high-resolution stimulated Raman spectroscopy. A rotational quantum number dependence of the S(J) line shifts was observed. In order to avoid an asymmetry of experimental origin, a suitable theoretical profile was fitted to the experimental lineshapes. This study allows the testing of the theoretical methods for calculating the line broadening coefficients in anisotropic Raman scattering, which have already been used in the analysis of infrared absorption data. The behaviour of the modified sum rule and the RPA (rando…

SCALING ANALYSISChemistryRANGEInversechemistry.chemical_elementN2Rotational–vibrational spectroscopyNitrogenQ-BRANCHN-2OXYGENsymbols.namesakeDEPENDENCEsymbolsSPECTRASCATTERINGGeneral Materials ScienceCoherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopyAtomic physicsAnisotropyRaman spectroscopyTEMPERATURESpectroscopy
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A population density grid for Spain

2013

This article describes a high-resolution land cover data set for Spain and its application to dasymetric population mapping (at census tract level). Eventually, this vector layer is transformed into a grid format. The work parallels the effort of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission, in collaboration with Eurostat and the European Environment Agency (EEA), in building a population density grid for the whole of Europe, combining CORINE Land Cover with population data per commune. We solve many of the problems due to the low resolution of CORINE Land Cover, which are especially visible with Spanish data. An accuracy assessment is carried out from a simple aggregation of …

SIOSEeducation.field_of_studyGeography Planning and DevelopmentPopulationINGENIERIA DEL TERRENOStatistical modelLand coverCorine Land CoverLibrary and Information SciencesGridData setGeographyWork (electrical)Dasymetric mapPopulation densityDasymetric mappingDownscalingeducationCartographyInformation SystemsDownscaling
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Dissipative scaling of step-pool features

2021

Abstract This paper focuses on the dissipative similarity of step-pool units at rill, flume and stream scale. This investigation is carried out using recent advances in open channel flow resistance, applications of close-range photogrammetry to rill erosion, available published data on step-pool features in flumes and streams and a new dataset of measurements in fixed bed step-pool rills. A theoretically-based equation for calculating the Darcy-Weisbach friction factor obtained by integration of a power velocity profile is presented. The scale factor Γ of this power velocity profile, which is included in the flow resistance equation, was previously calibrated (Eq. 10) for mobile bed rills w…

Scale (ratio)0207 environmental engineering02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences010309 opticsFlow velocity0103 physical sciencesSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-ForestaliElectrical and Electronic Engineering020701 environmental engineeringInstrumentationScalinggeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryMechanicsScale factorComputer Science ApplicationsOpen-channel flowFlumeRillFlow resistanceModeling and SimulationDissipative systemStep-poolSediment transportGeologyFlow Measurement and Instrumentation
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Is there any scaling in the cluster distribution?

1994

We apply fractal analysis methods to investigate the scaling properties in the Abell and ACO catalogs of rich galaxy clusters. We also discuss different technical aspects of the method when applied to data sets with small number of points as the cluster catalogs. Results are compared with simulations based on the Zel'dovich approximation. We limit our analysis to scales less than 100 $\hm$. The cluster distribution show a scale invariant multifractal behavior in a limited scale range. For the Abell catalog this range is 15--60$\hm$, while for the ACO sample it extends to smaller scales. Despite this difference in the extension of the scale--range where scale--invariant clustering takes plac…

Scale (ratio)FOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsCOMPUTERIZED SIMULATIONAstrophysicsSTATISTICAL CORRELATIONFractalSCALING LAWSCluster (physics)Statistical physicsMATHEMATICAL MODELSScalingGalaxy clusterPhysicsASTRONOMICAL CATALOGSAstrophysics (astro-ph)ERROR ANALYSISAstronomy and AstrophysicsMultifractal systemScale invarianceFractal analysisFRACTALSSpace and Planetary ScienceASTRONOMICAL MODELSCLUSTER ANALYSISCOSMOLOGYGALACTIC CLUSTERS
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A Basic Program for Calculating Scale Values Using Four Unidimensional Scaling Methods in Random Subsamples

1993

This MS BASIC program calculates and stores for further analysis scale values obtained from random subsamples using four unidimensional scaling methods: Dunn-Rankin's variance stable rank sums, Thurstone's case V (paired comparisons), Thurstone-Chave's IAI, and Green's successive categories.

Scale (ratio)Rank (linear algebra)Applied Mathematics05 social sciences050401 social sciences methods050301 educationVariance (accounting)Education0504 sociologyStatisticsDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyThurstone scale0503 educationApplied PsychologyMathematicsUnidimensional scalingEducational and Psychological Measurement
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Deriving scaling laws in geodynamics using adjoint gradients

2018

Abstract Whereas significant progress has been made in modelling of lithospheric and crustal scale processes in recent years, it often remains a challenge to understand which of the many model parameters is of key importance for a particular simulation. Determining this is usually done by manually changing the model input parameters and performing new simulations. For a few cases, such as for folding or Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities, one can use thick-plate stability analysis to derive scaling laws to obtain such insights. Yet, for more general cases, it is not straightforward to do this (apart from running many simulations). Here, we discuss a numerically cheaper approach to compute scalin…

Scaling law010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesScale (ratio)Folding (DSP implementation)Geodynamics010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesInstabilityStability (probability)Theoretical physicsGeophysicsKey (cryptography)Statistical physicsGeologySingle layer0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEarth-Surface ProcessesTectonophysics
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Coronal Loops: Observations and Modeling of Confined Plasma

2010

Coronal loops are the building blocks of the X-ray bright solar corona. They owe their brightness to the dense confined plasma, and this review focuses on loops mostly as structures confining plasma. After a brief historical overview, the review is divided into two separate but not independent sections: the first illustrates the observational framework, the second reviews the theoretical knowledge. Quiescent loops and their confined plasma are considered, and therefore topics such as loop oscillations and flaring loops (except for non-solar ones which provide information on stellar loops) are not specifically addressed here. The observational section discusses loop classification and popula…

Scaling lawBrightnessLoop (graph theory)lcsh:AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesSolar coronaAstrophysicsReview ArticleSolar corona Coronal loopslcsh:QB1-991Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaThermalCoronal loops CoronaAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsLoop modelingSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)PhysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsPlasmaCoronal loopMechanicsCoronaCoronal loopslcsh:QC1-999Magnetic fieldClassical mechanicsAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary SciencePhysics::Space PhysicsCoronalcsh:Physics
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Design scaling laws for self-phase modulation-based 2R-regenerators

2006

We report global scaling laws linking the design of SPM-based 2R-regenerators to their ability to reduce amplitude noise and improve the signal extinction ratio.

Scaling lawEngineeringExtinction ratiobusiness.industryfungi02 engineering and technologysocial sciences01 natural sciencesSignalNoise (electronics)humanities010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsSignal-to-noise ratioControl theory0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectronic engineeringDispersion (water waves)Self-phase modulationbusinessComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSEfficient energy use
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Packing a multidisperse system of hard disks in a circular environment.

2008

We consider the problem of finding the densest closed packing of hard disks with proposed different radii in a circular environment, such that the radius of the circumcircle is minimal. With our approach, we are able to find denser packings for various problem instances than known from the literature. Both for the dynamics of the simulation and for the optimum values of the radii of the circumcircles, we find various scaling laws.

Scaling lawMathematics::Metric GeometryGeometryAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsRadiusCircumscribed circleHeat capacityAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsMathematicsPhysical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
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