Search results for "Scavenger."

Diaryl-dithiolanes and -isothiazoles: COX-1/COX-2 and 5-LOX-inhibitory, OH scavenging and anti-adhesive activities

2008

Three series of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibiting the cyclooxygenase/5-lipoxygenase (COX/5-LOX) pathways as such as formation of hydroxyl radicals and adhesion were prepared: 4,5-diaryl isothiazoles, 4,5-diaryl 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thiones and 4,5-diaryl 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-ones. The aim of the present study was to develop substances which can intervene into the inflammatory processes via different mechanisms of action as multiple target non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (MTNSAIDs) with increased anti-inflammatory potential. The current lead 11a was evaluated in COX-1/2, 5-LOX and (*)OH scavenging in vitro assays and in a static adhesion assay where it proved to inhib…

Thermodynamics of competing oxidation reactions of allyl methyl disulfide by hydrogen peroxide: a first principle molecular computational study on th…

2008

Allyl methyl disulfide, a peroxide scavenger, was studied together with three isomeric (two sulfoxides and one epoxide) forms of its mono-oxidized products. After a full conformational study of the reactant and three isomeric oxidized forms, the geometries were optimized at B3LYP/6-31G (d) level of theory. The epoxide form turned and to be more stable than either one of the two isomeric sulfoxides. Changes for Thermodynamic functions of oxidation reactions were calculated and from the δGreaction values the equilibrium constant for the interconversions of the oxidized products were estimated. Bader-type AIM analyses were performed on the electron density, computed at the B3LYP/6-311++G (d,p)…

Water Extract of Cryphaea heteromalla (Hedw.) D. Mohr Bryophyte as a Natural Powerful Source of Biologically Active Compounds

2019

Bryophytes comprise of the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Cryphaea heteromalla, (Hedw.) D. Mohr, is a non-vascular lower plant belonging to mosses group. To the date, the most chemically characterized species belong to the liverworts, while only 3.2% and 8.8% of the species belonging to the mosses and hornworts, respectively, have been investigated. In this work, we present Folin–Ciocalteu and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) data related to crude extracts of C. heteromalla obtained by three di erent extraction solvents: pure water (WT), methanol:water (80:20 v/v) (MET), and ethanol:water (80:20 v/v) (ETH). The water extract proved to be the best solvent showing the highest con…

SALI DI IMIDAZOLIO POLIMERIZZATI O SUPPORTATI COME SCAVENGERS DI PALLADIO DA SOLUZIONI ACQUOSE E SOLUZIONI ORGANICHE

2014

OP0081 Tissue Deficiency of The Atypical Chemokine Receptor D6 Is Associated with The Selective Increase of Gut-Derived Pro-Inflammatory CXCR1HIGHLY6…

2016

Background Gut derived innate lymphoid cells of type 3 (ILC)3 are increased in number in the circulation and inflamed tissues of AS patients. Factors influencing the maintainace of ILC3 in an activated status are not clear. The atypical chemokine receptor D6 is a decoy and scavenger receptor for most inflammatory CC chemokines and acts preventing exacerbated inflammatory reactions. Mice lacking D6 expression in the non-hematopoietic compartment display a significant increase of pro-inflammatory monocytes in the peripheral blood and in secondary lymphoid tissues. The role of D6 in human inflammatory disorders has not been inverstigated. Objectives To evaluate whether modulation of D6 express…

Multiple Receptors Mediate apoJ-Dependent Clearance of Cellular Debris into Nonprofessional Phagocytes

2001

Phagocytosis of apoptotic, senescent, and dying cells by macrophages is a well characterized process. More recently it has been shown that in addition to macrophages vital neighboring cells in the affected tissue participate in the cellular clearance. While scavenger receptors have been shown to mediate uptake into macrophages, it is poorly understood how cellular debris is internalized by nonprofessional phagocytes. We here analyze the endocytic activity of vital fibroblasts and epithelial cells exposed to cellular debris and membrane remnants. We show a mutual stimulation in the endocytosis of debris and apolipoproteinJ (clusterin) in these cells. Experiments using RAP (receptor-associate…

Influence of N-acetylcysteine on hepatic amino acid metabolism in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation

2001

Experimental treatment with the antioxidant and glutathione precursor N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been performed in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) to reduce reperfusion injury. To investigate the effect of NAC on the hepatic and intestinal amino acid metabolism, intraoperative amino acid exchange rates were studied in liver transplant recipients with high dose NAC treatment (n = 10) and in control patients (n = 9). Treatment with NAC was found to cause a loss of amino acids and increased urea nitrogen release from the liver graft. The net balance of most amino acids was shifted to increased hepatic release or decreased hepatic uptake. The initial cumulative splanchnic release of all …

Manipulation of glycolysis in malignant tumors: fantasy or therapy?

2009

After Warburg stated his hypothesis on tumor cell metabolism about 80 years ago, the field of carbohydrate metabolism of cancer cells and solid tumors is experiencing a boom for the past few years. Numerous studies have been focused on the characteristics of cancer metabolism and its accessibility to novel therapeutic interventions. Malignant transformation is associated with an increase in glycolytic flux, mainly caused by an upregulation of numerous glycolysis-related genes in the majority of human cancers. As a consequence of these alterations, tumor cells are producing lactate at higher levels compared to non-malignant tissue, even in the presence of oxygen, a phenomenon termed “aerobic…

Lysosomal degradation of the carboxydextran shell of coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and the fate of professional phagocytes

2010

Contrast agents based on dextran-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) are internalized by professional phagocytes such as hepatic Kupffer cells, yet their role in phagocyte biology remains largely unknown. Here we investigated the effects of the SPIO ferucarbotran on murine Kupffer cells and human macrophages. Intravenous injection of ferucarbotran into mice led to rapid accumulation of the particles in phagocytes and to long-lasting increased iron deposition in liver and kidneys. Macrophages incorporate ferucarbotran in lysosomal vesicles containing α-glucosidase, which is capable of degrading the carboxydextran shell of the ferucarbotran particles. Intravenous injectio…

Neutrophil activation in severe, early-onset COPD patients versus healthy non-smoker subjects in vitro: effects of antioxidant therapy.

2011

<i>Background:</i> Neutrophils and oxidative stress have been implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD. Severe, early-onset COPD is characterized by a rapid decline in the lung function at an early age; however, nothing is known about neutrophil activation in COPD patients. <i>Objectives:</i> The aim of this study was to evaluate peripheral blood neutrophil activation in severe, early-onset COPD patients versus healthy non-smokers and the effect of N-acetyl-<i>L</i>-cysteine (NAC) on neutrophil activation in vitro. <i>Methods:</i> Neutrophils were isolated from 15 severe, early-onset COPD patients and 15 age-matched healthy subjects and stimulat…