Search results for "Security"
showing 10 items of 1693 documents
Models of the Actuarial Balance of the Pay-As-You-Go Pension System: A Review and Some Policy Recommendations
2010
This paper reviews the two main methods used by government Social Security departments to draw up the socalled actuarial balance of the p ayasyougo pension system, focusing especially on results, methodology and actuarial issues. The specific models studied are those in the United States, Japan and Sweden, and their main differences and similarities are highlighted. The authors make some specific policy recommendations that would be of interest to public finance economists, social security actuaries and policy makers, and they suggest that international organizations (ISSA, the World Bank, the OECD and others interested in public pension reform) could be supportive in developing and enforci…
An Integrated Notional Defined Contribution (NDC) Model with Retirement and Permanent Disability
2014
In this paper we develop a theoretical basis for integrating retirement and permanent disability using a generic NDC framework. The methodology used relies on a multistate overlapping generations model that includes the so-called survivor dividend. Currently this feature can only be found in the Swedish defined contribution (DC) scheme. The results achieved in the numerical example we present endorse the fact that the model works well. Special attention is given to the assumptions made about mortality rates for disabled people and disability incidence rates, which largely determine the contribution rate assigned to disability. The model could be of interest to policymakers because, after so…
From “Table 29” to the actuarial balance sheet: is it really that big a leap?
2021
EU regulations since 2017 have required all Member States to disclose their accrued-to-date pension liabilities (ADL) using a standard actuarial cost method and some common assumptions. This applies to both Social Security (SS) schemes and unfunded defined benefit (DB) schemes covering civil servants. These pension liabilities have to be disclosed in a supplementary table referred to as Table 29. An actuarial balance sheet (ABS) can be defined as a financial statement that lists a pension system's obligations to contributors and pensioners at a particular date, together with the amounts of the assets (financial and in particular those from contributions) that underwrite those commitments. T…
From IRAP to SSnWFT (a heretical idea to fix precariat)
2018
The paper – after addressing the issue of flexicurity as a lens through which to see precariousness, after identifying the sources at ILO, EU and constitutional level as foundation of `incompressibility' of rights which guarantee decent work against lacking of security in precariousness – proposes to consider the lacking of security produced by precariat as a degree of participation of flexibility for firms as `social pollution' i.e. as generator of negative externalities. One proposes a fully change of paradigm to fight and to tackle the lacking in security at precariat level with a solution in terms of internalisation of externalities (i.e social costs); - rather then affecting precarious…
Los cambios en la gestión del régimen de clases pasivas: ¿un ataque a las singularidades de los regímenes especiales de funcionarios?
2020
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los cambios en la gestión del régimen de clases pasivas aprobados durante el 2020 dentro de la legislación de urgencia suscrita durante el estado de alarma. El traspaso de la gestión al Instituto Nacional de Seguridad Social plantea tres cuestiones: primero, si el traspaso es técnicamente adecuado; segundo, por qué se ha efectuado en un real decreto ley de medidas para paliar los efectos económicos del COVID-19 una medida que afecta a la gestión de las pensiones de funcionarios, y, tercero, qué puede suponer este cambio de gestión para las especialidades contenidas en este régimen especial. The objective of this paper is to analyze the changes in the …
Decisiones administrativas automatizadas en materia social: algoritmos en la gestión de la Seguridad Social y en el procedimiento sancionador
2021
El recientemente aprobado Real Decreto-Ley 2/2021 extiende el campo de las actuaciones administrativas automatizadas a la mayor parte de la gestión de la Seguridad Social y las introduce en el procedimiento sancionador en el orden social. En este nuevo contexto, se intenta contextualizar estas novedades, analizando sus precedentes, y, sobre todo, determinar los problemas interpretativos que plantean. En este último terreno, se dispensa una atención especial a las garantías que los ciudadanos tienen en relación con este tipo de decisiones automatizadas
An Actuarial Balance Model for DB PAYG Pension Systems with Disability and Retirement Contingencies
2012
In this paper we develop a theoretical basis for drawing up a “Swedish” type actuarial balance sheet for a defined benefit pay-as-you-go (DB PAYG) scheme with retirement and disability benefits. Our model enables us to obtain the system's expected average turnover duration, measure the scheme's solvency and explore the phenomenon identified as “pension reclassification”, a widespread practice that masks the system's real status unless further pension information becomes available. The model is clearly linked to actuarial practice in social security and gives partial support to the practical adaptation of Swedish methodology carried out by OSFI (2012) in applying the concept of the contribut…
Selection of Large Sub-Samples from the Continuous Sample of Working Lives Representative of the Benefits Provided by the Spanish Public Pension Syst…
2016
The Continuous Sample of Working Lives (CSWL) is a set of anonymized microdata with information about individuals taken from Spanish Social Security records. It provides very valuable information, which is used in many studies on labor economics and in the analysis of the Spanish public pension system. This article presents two major contributions: The first is an analysis of how representative CSWL is of the population of pensioners for the period 2005-2013. It is concluded that the CSWL does not follow the same distribution as the population with respect to some types of benefits, and that this happens in most waves. One of the reasons is that it is obtained by simple random sampling, so …
Assessing the effect of transmission constraints on wind power expansion in northeast Brazil
2019
Abstract The rapid growth of the wind industry in Brazil presents new opportunities and challenges for its electricity industry. As new capacity becomes available, more transmission infrastructure is required for security of supply. The Brazilian electricity system has experienced congestion in the northeast region, affecting the coordinated expansion of transmission and new wind power capacity. This paper uses a simulation model for better assessing long-term policy synchrony of the wind industry. The simulation shows that the resulting prices are competitive in the middle to long terms.
Macro-regional Strategies, Cohesion Policy and Regional Cooperation in the European Union: Towards a Research Agenda
2018
Since 2009, the European Union has developed strategies for the Baltic Sea, Danube, Adriatic-Ionian and Alpine macro-regions. These macro-regional strategies represent a new tool of European Union governance that seeks to combine the community’s territorial cooperation and cohesion policy repertoire with intergovernmental ‘regional cooperation’ involving European Union member and partner countries. By establishing comprehensive governance architectures for cross-sectoral and trans-boundary policy coordination in areas such as transport infrastructure and environmental protection, macro-regional strategies seek to mobilise European Union member and non-member states alike in promoting and h…