Search results for "Senecio"

Chemical Constituents and Biological Properties of Genus Doronicum (Asteraceae)

2021

The genus Doronicum, belonging to tribe Senecioneae (Fam. Asteraceae), is found mainly in the Asia, Europe and North Africa. This genus of plant has always been used in traditional medicinal treatments due to the many biological properties shown such as killing parasitic worms and for relieving constipation, as well as to improve heart health, to alleviate pain and inflammation, to treat insect bites, etc. According to the World Flora the genus Doronicum contains 39 subordinate taxa.[1-3] The purpose of this article, which covers data published from 1970 to 2021 with more than 110 articles, aims to carry out a complete and critical review of the Doronicum genus, examining traditional uses a…

Chloroplast DNA and isozyme evidence on the evolution ofSenecio vulgaris (Asteraceae)

1997

Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) and isozyme variation were analyzed over a range of populations of two infraspecific taxa of the tetraploidSenecio vulgaris. The isozyme data were supportive of the hypothesis that the weedy and cosmopolitanS. vulgaris var.vulgaris is an evolutionary derivative ofS. vulgaris subsp.denticulatus from the coasts of W Europe and montane altitudes in S Spain and Sicily. The two taxa exhibited a very high genetic identity with subsp.denticulatus containing slightly more isozyme diversity than was found in var.vulgaris. — Three cpDNA haplotypes (A, B, C) already known from other Mediterranean diploid species ofSenecio were resolved in var.vulgaris, and an additional fourth …

The Genetics of Evolutionary Change in Senecio vulgaris L.: A QTL Mapping Approach

2001

: The cosmopolitan weed Senecio vulgaris var. vulgaris is likely to have originated from the non-weedy S. vulgaris ssp. denticulatus from which it differs by showing no seed dormancy, by completing its life cycle from germination to seed formation much faster and by lacking ray florets. An F2 generation of 120 individuals obtained through selfing of one hybrid individual between var. vulgaris and ssp. denticulatus was used to construct a linkage map based on RAPD polymorphisms and the presence or absence of ray florets. This linkage map was used for a QTL analysis of 12 characters distinguishing the two taxa. For seven of these 12 characters, three significant QTLs could be found. One of th…

Major gene effects during weed evolution: phenotypic characters cosegregate with alleles at the ray floret locus in Senecio vulgaris L. (Asteraceae)

1998

THE OCCURRENCE OF SENECIO VULGARIS L. VAR. VULGARIS AND S. × HELWINGII BEGER EX HEGI (S. VULGARIS × S. VERNALIS WALDST. ET KIT.) IN ISRAEL

1994

Common Groundsel (Senecio vulgarisL. var.vulgaris(2n = 40)) is widespread in the northern hemisphere. In Israel, judging from a herbarium survey, records taken from the Israel Plant Information Center (ROTEM), and field studies, it has a restricted and widely disjunct pattern of geographical distribution, and, thus, is another example of the comparatively large group of weeds in Israel which are extremely stenochorous. The remarkable gaps in its distribution, from the Upper Golan to Mt. Carmel and to the Jerusalem area, are considered primarily to be the result of paleoclimatic changes, whereas its occurrence outside these centers of distribution is probably related to long-distance dispers…

The comparative biology of the closely related Senecio nebrodensis and S. viscosus, a narrow endemic and a widespread ruderal

1993

The closely related Senecio nebrodensis, a perennial herb from four mountain ranges in Spain, and S. viscosus, an annual herb widespread in Europe, are being compared by the study of herbarium material and comparative cultivation. In cultivation, S. nebrodensis behaved as an annual, completing its life cycle within a shorter period of time than S. viscosus. The formation of basal leaf rosettes is much more pronounced in S. nebrodensis than in S.viscosus. The main difference between the two species, however, is their breeding system. While S. nebrodensis is self-incompatible, S. viscosus is self-compatible. Differences in reproductive morphology (mainly size and number of ray florets) are su…

Repeat intercontinental dispersal and Pleistocene speciation in disjunct Mediterranean and desert Senecio (Asteraceae).

2003

To explore the biogeographic history of Mediterranean/arid plant disjunctions, Old and New World Senecio sect. Senecio were analyzed phylogenetically using nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences (ITS). A clade corresponding to sect. Senecio was strongly supported. Area optimization indicated this clade to be of southern African origin. The Mediterranean and southern African floras were not distinguishable as sources of the main New World lineage, estimated to have become established during the middle Pliocene. Another previously suspected recent dispersal to the New World from the Mediterranean was confirmed for the recently recognized disjunction in S. mohavensis. The loss of suitable land connec…

An ITS phylogeny of tribe Senecioneae (Asteraceae) and a new delimitation of Senecio L.

2007

Senecioneae is the largest tribe ofAsteraceae, comprised ofca. 150 genera and 3,000 species. Approximately one-third of its species are placed in Senecio, making it one of the largest genera of flowering plants. Despite considerable efforts to classify and understand the striking morphological diversity in Senecioneae, little is known about its intergeneric relationships. This lack ofphylogenetic understanding is predominantly caused by conflicting clues from morphological characters, the large size ofthe tribe, and the absence of a good delimitation of Senecio. Phylogenetic analyses of nrITS and plastid DNA sequence data were used to produce a hypothesis of evolutionary relationships in Se…

A new genus and species of asteraceae-inhabiting aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) from Costa Rica and Mexico

2013

P. 323-331 Ucrimyzus villalobosi Mier Durante & Pérez Hidalgo gen. n., sp. n. (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Macrosiphini) are described from apterous and alate viviparous females collected on species of genera Bidens, Schkuhria, Senecio and Stevia (Asteraceae: Asteroideae) in Costa Rica and Mexico. Principal components analysis (PCA) was done to verify that the studied aphids belong to a single species regardless of their geographical origin or host plant. Molecular analyses were carried out on the sequences of a fragment of the mitochondrial gene encoding for cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and of a fragment of the nuclear gene encoding elongation factor 1α (EF1α). The taxonomic discussion t…

Biomonitoring of volcanogenic trace elements using two endemic species (Senecio aethnensis and Rumex aethnensis) on Mt. Etna.

2009

A biomonitoring survey, above treeline level, using two endemic species (Senecio aethnensis and Rumex aethnensis) was performed on Mt. Etna, in order to evaluate the dispersion and the impact of volcanic emissions. Samples of leaves were collected in summer 2008 from 30 sites in the upper part of the volcano (1500-3000 m a.s.l). Acid digestion of samples was carried out with a microwave oven, and 44 elements were analysed by using plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS and ICP-OES). The highest concentrations of all investigated elements were found in the samples collected closest to the degassing craters, and in the downwind sector, confirming that the eastern flank of Mt. Etna is the most impacted b…