Search results for "Sensation"
showing 10 items of 245 documents
Can loss of sensory attenuation be accurately demonstrated using two effectors simultaneously?
2015
Sir, Recently, Parees and colleagues (2014) compared patients with functional (psychogenic) movement disorders and healthy subjects who were asked to match a force delivered to their left finger by pressing on it directly, or by operating a joystick to press down on it, with the other hand. They observed that healthy subjects generated more force than required when pressing directly on their finger (compared with using the joystick), whereas patients did not. They interpreted and discussed this result as a loss of sensory attenuation that typically occurs in healthy subjects during self-generated movements and suggested by return, that it illustrates an altered sense of agency for the patie…
Older adults who have previously fallen due to a trip walk differently than those who have fallen due to a slip
2014
Studying the relationships between centre of mass (COM) and centre of pressure (COP) during walking has been shown to be useful in determining movement stability. The aim of the current study was to compare COM-COP separation measures during walking between groups of older adults with no history of falling, and a history of falling due to tripping or slipping. Any differences between individuals who have fallen due to a slip and those who have fallen due to a trip in measures of dynamic balance could potentially indicate differences in the mechanisms responsible for falls. Forty older adults were allocated into groups based on their self-reported fall history during walking. The non-faller …
Pain and discomfort during orthodontic treatment: causative factors and effects on compliance.
1998
Orthodontic patients experience pain and discomfort to a varying degree during the course of treatment. The aims of the present investigation were to follow the progress of adaptation after insertion of new appliances and to study the relationships between the type of appliance worn and pain or discomfort experienced, between pain sensations and attitude toward the treatment and their effects on patients' compliance. Pain and discomfort experienced by 84 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, their attitude toward the treatment, and compliance were assessed 7 days, 14 days, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after appliance insertion, using specially designed protocols, questionnaires, and…
Differences in intermittent postural control between normal-weight and obese children.
2016
Abstract Aim The main objective of this study was to determine differences in postural control between obese and non-obese children. Methods The study design was cross-sectional, prospective, between-subjects. Postural control variables were obtained from a group of obese children and a normal-weight control group under two different postural conditions: bipedal standing position with eyes open and bipedal standing with eyes closed. Variables were obtained for each balance condition using time domain and sway-density plot analysis of the center of pressure signals acquired by means of a force plate. Results Pairwise comparisons revealed significant differences between obese and normal-weigh…
Differences in axial segment reorientation during standing turns predict multiple falls in older adults
2011
Author's version of an article in the journal: Gait and Posture. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.05.013 Background: The assessment of standing turning performance is proposed to predict fall risk in older adults. This study investigated differences in segmental coordination during a 360° standing turn task between older community-dwelling fallers and non-fallers. Methods: Thirty-five older adults age mean (SD) of 71 (5.4) years performed 360° standing turns. Head, trunk and pelvis position relative to the laboratory and each other were recorded using a Vicon motion analysis system. Fall incidence was monitored by monthly questionnaire over the…
Decreased postural control in people with moderate hearing loss
2018
Balance is a complex process that involves multiple sensory integrations. The auditory, visual, and vestibular systems are the main contributors. Hearing loss or hearing impairment may induce inappropriate postural strategies that could affect balance and therefore increase the risk of falling. The aim of this study was to understand whether hearing loss could influence balance, cervical posture, and muscle activation in the cervical region. Thirteen patients (61 ± 13 years; 161.8 ± 11.0 cm; 70.5 ± 15.9 kg) with moderate hearing loss (Right ear −60 ± 21 dB; Left ear −61 ± 24 dB) underwent: an audiometric examination, a postural examination (with open and closed eyes) through a stabilometric…
Re-evaluation of moisture sources for the August 2002 extreme rainfall episode in central Europe: Evaporation from falling precipitation included in …
2015
Summary Discriminating moisture sources with precision is an important requirement to better understand the processes involved in extreme rainfall episodes. In a previous contribution by Gangoiti et al. (2011b), an innovative technique was presented to assess surface moisture sources contributing to a target precipitation within a Lagrangian framework. The technique was based in transporting parcels of vapor, representing the target precipitation, across a set of nested grids covering a large area at different resolutions. A mesoscale model estimated the meteorological variables to transport and redistribute the vapor back into its original sources, all of them assumed to be at the surface.…
Analysis and modeling of Temporal Dominance of Sensations with stochastic processes
2019
Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS) is a technique to measure temporal perception of food product during tasting. For a panelist, it consists in choosing in a list of attributes which one is dominant at any time. This work aims to model TDS data with a stochastic process and proposes to use semi-Markov processes (SMP), a generalization of Markov chains which allows dominance durations to be modeled by any type of distribution. The model can then be used to compare TDS samples based on likelihood ratio. Because probabilities of transition from one attribute to another one can also depend on time, we propose to model TDS by period and we propose a method to select optimally the number of p…
Analysis and modeling of Temporal Dominance of Sensations with stochastic processes
2019
Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS) is a technique to measure temporal perception of food product during tasting. For a panelist, it consists in choosing in a list of attributes which one is dominant at any time. This work aims to model TDS data with a stochastic process and proposes to use semi-Markov processes (SMP), a generalization of Markov chains which allows dominance durations to be modeled by any type of distribution. The model can then be used to compare TDS samples based on likelihood ratio. Because probabilities of transition from one attribute to another one can also depend on time, we propose to model TDS by period and we propose a method to select optimally the number of p…
The frontal agranular cortex and the organization of purposeful movements
1985
A critical review of the traditional concepts of cortical association and motor areas is followed by a description of the functional organization and intrinsic and extrinsic cortical connectivity of the arcuate premotor area (APA). It is concluded that the frontal cortical organization of externally triggered purposeful movements is made possible by the associative character of Brodmann's area 6 and by its peculiar pattern of intra-areal connectivity.