Search results for "Sensation"
showing 10 items of 245 documents
Second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) of the right hand is associated with nociception and augmenting-reducing
2008
The ratio of the length of the second and fourth fingers (2D:4D) represents an individual difference variable putatively related to prenatal testosterone exposure. Previous research found significant associations between this variable and sexually dimorphic and other sex-hormone mediated traits like fertility, masculinity, spatial ability and sensation seeking. The present study aimed to relate digit ratio to pain perception using electric pain stimuli. 131 volunteers (69 females) participated. Two electric stimuli of different intensity were applied to the forearm. Digit ratio was obtained from the left and right hands and pain tolerance was assessed by means of visual analog scales. Addit…
Performing, Analyzing, and Interpreting HRAM and HDAM Recordings
2020
Anorectal manometry is one of the most widely performed tests for the assessment of anal sphincter function and anorectal coordination. Nowadays high resolution (HRAM) and high definition anorectal manometry (HDAM) are available, instead of the water-perfused system. The ability to visualize the anorectum as a dynamic structure during test maneuvers should intuitively allow for a better appreciation of the normal physiology and hopefully enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology of defecatory dysfunctions. Even if the anorectal manometry protocols can vary by centers, the procedure must include an assessment of rectoanal pressure and anal canal length at rest, cough reflex test, rect…
Impulsivity, sensation seeking and aggressiveness in patients with bipolar I and II disorder
2011
Abstract Objective Although impulsivity may seem to be strongly linked to bipolar disorder, few studies have directly measured this phenomenon. To determine its implications for the prognosis of this illness, we studied the relationship between impulsivity and other aspects that are probably related, such as sensation seeking and aggressiveness, and different clinical variables of bipolar disorder. Method Sixty-nine (type I, n = 42; type II, n = 27) outpatients from a unit specifically for bipolar patients in remission completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), the Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS), the Buss–Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI) and the Bipolar Eating Disorder Scale (BEDS). S…
Peripheral Changes in Blood Circulation during Autogenic Training and Hypnosis (Results of Experimental Research)
1969
In addition to the immobilization of the limbs and the associated sensation of heaviness, most patients in a hypnotic trance also experience a sensation of warmth. This subjective feeling is probably accompanied by increased skin temperature. Attempts have been made in the past to record skin temperature objectively. Most methods of measurement, however, are so defective that they have only rarely proved at all reliable. Hensel (1955, 1964) and his colleagues have described seven variables whose range is so great that the statistical evaluation of such measurements becomes impossible, even though the data may be valid in individual cases. Furthermore, graphic recording is also impracticable…
Botulinum toxin for the treatment of somatic tinnitus
2007
Subjective tinnitus is an auditory sensation experienced in the absence of external or internal acoustic stimuli. It causes significant morbidity and can progress to a chronic debilitating condition. Somatic tinnitus is tinnitus that can be modulated by stimulation of the somatic sensory system. It occurs because of interactions between the auditory and the somatosensory system that may occur at several levels of the central nervous system. In the present chapter, we discuss how botulinum toxin can improve tinnitus and discuss the mechanism of its action, and how it relates to its effects on chronic pain.
Effects of physiotherapy interventions on balance in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
2012
Objective: to determine the effects of physiotherapy inter ventions on balance in people with multiple sclerosis. Data sources: A systematic literature search was conducted in Medline, cinahl, embase, PeDro, both electronically and by manual search up to March 2011. Study selection: Randomized controlled trials of physiothe rapy interventions in people with multiple sclerosis, with an outcome measure linked to the International Classifica tion of Functioning, Disability and Health (icF) category of “changing and maintaining body position”, were included. Data extraction: the quality of studies was determined by the van tulder criteria. Metaanalyses were performed in subgroups according…
Osmophobia in migraine classification: a multicentre study in juvenile patients.
2010
Aims: This study was planned to investigate the diagnostic utility of osmophobia as criterion for migraine without aura (MO) as proposed in the Appendix (A1.1) of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-II, 2004). Methods: We analysed 1020 patients presenting at 10 Italian juvenile headache centres, 622 affected by migraine (M) and 328 by tension-type headache (TTH); 70 were affected by headache not elsewhere classified (NEC) in ICHD-II. By using a semi-structured questionnaire, the prevalence of osmophobia was 26.9%, significantly higher in M than TTH patients (34.6% vs 14.3%). Results: Osmophobia was correlated with: (i) family history of M and osmophobia; and (ii) o…
Methods and Strategies for Reconditioning Motor Output and Postural Balance in Frail Older Subjects Prone to Falls
2021
In frail older subjects, the motor output of the antigravity muscles is fundamental in resisting falls. These muscles undergo accelerated involutions when they are inactive and the risk of falling increases during leisure and domestic physical activity. In order to reduce their risk of falling, frail older subjects limit their physical activities/exercises. The problem is that the less they exercise, the less they are able to exercise and the greater the risk in exercising. Hence, a vicious circle sets up and the antigravity muscles inevitably continue to deteriorate. This vicious circle must be broken by starting a reconditioning program based on developing the strength of antigravity musc…
Temperature sensation: the "3-bowls experiment" revisited.
1990
The "3-bowls experiment", usually attributed to E. H. Weber*, will be remembered by many from their first lab course in human physiology. The left and right hands are immersed for several minutes in bowls containing water at 10 and 40°C, respectively. When both hands are then placed in a third bowl of water at 27 °C, the left hand feels distinctly warm and the right hand distinctly cool. Until now nobody has been able to reconcile this apparent unreliability of the sense of temperature with the observation that humans regularly make judgements of the temperatures of objects; for example, mothers seldom use a thermometer to check the temperature of a baby's milk, but rather hold the bottle a…
Accumulation of sensory difficulties predicts fear of falling in older women
2013
Objectives: To explore whether the accumulation of sensory difficulties predicts fear of falling (FOF), and whether the traits correlate with each other regardless of familial factors. Methods: Self-reported hearing, vision and balance difficulties, and FOF were assessed using structured questionnaires at the baseline and after a 3-year follow-up in 63- to 76-year-old women ( n = 434). Results: Among the women without FOF at baseline ( n = 245), 41% reported FOF at follow-up. Increasing numbers of sensory difficulties at baseline predicted higher incidence of FOF. The relationship between accumulated sensory difficulties and FOF was not mediated by familial factors. Discussion: The accumul…