Search results for "Sensitivity and specificity"

showing 10 items of 1080 documents

Bleach interference in forensic luminol tests on porous surfaces: more about the drying time effect.

2009

As criminals try to avoid leaving clues at the scene of a crime, bloodstains are often washed away, but fortunately for investigators, they are difficult to eliminate completely. Porous surfaces easily retain blood traces, which are sometimes invisible to the naked eye. The reagent of choice for detecting latent blood traces on all types of surfaces is luminol, but its main disadvantage is a high degree of sensitivity to oxidising contaminants in the blood sample. If household bleach is used to clean bloodstains, presumptive tests are invalidated. Hypochlorites, however, are known to be unstable and deteriorate over time, and this feature could be of help in preventing household bleach-indu…

Waiting timeChromatographyLuminescencegenetic structuresBleachChemistrySodium HypochloriteSurface PropertiesSample (material)Forensic MedicinePulp and paper industryInterference (wave propagation)Sensitivity and SpecificityCatalysisAnalytical ChemistryLuminolchemistry.chemical_compoundDrying timeBlood StainsHumansLuminolPorosityPorous mediumPorosityTalanta
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Determination of cow’s milk in non-bovine and mixed cheeses by capillary electrophoresis of whey proteins in acidic isoelectric buffers

2000

An improved method for the determination of cow's milk in non-bovine cheese is reported: electrophoresis of whey proteins in acidic, isoelectric buffers. Two background electrolytes (BGEs) have been tested: (i) 50 mM iminodiacetic acid (pH=isoelectric point=2.30 at 25 degrees C), 0.5% hydroxyethylcellulose, 0.1% Tween 20 and 6 M urea (apparent pH 3.1), E=300 V/cm, for the separation of alpha-lactalbumins (alpha-LAs); (ii) a BGE with the same composition, but supplemented with 10% Tween 20, E=450 V/cm, for the fractionation of beta-lactoglobulins (beta-LGs). Surfactants have a discriminating effect on the retention behaviour of the bovine alpha-LA and beta-LG proteins, owing to the different…

Whey proteinCheese ripeningFractionationBuffersSensitivity and SpecificityBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryCapillary electrophoresisCheeseCaseinAnimalsFood scienceBeta-lactoglobulinSheepChromatographybiologyChemistryGoatsOrganic ChemistryElectrophoresis Capillaryfood and beveragesGeneral MedicineMilk ProteinsMilkWhey ProteinsIsoelectric pointbiology.proteinAlpha-lactalbuminCattleIsoelectric FocusingJournal of Chromatography A
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Concentration of ochratoxin A in wines from supermarkets and stores of Valencian Community (Spain)

2004

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi species belonging to the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium being isolated in alcoholic beverages. The aim of this work is developed and applied a procedure for the analysis of OTA in wines. An analytical method based on immunoaffinity column (IAC) for clean-up, liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (LC-FD), and LC-FD after of OTA methylation was used to determine the occurrence of OTA in wines. Recoveries of this mycotoxin spiked to red wines at 0.5 ng/ml level were >90% with an average of relative standards deviations of 4%. Furthermore, 116 wine samples from designation of origin (DO) and three samples from food stores of Va…

WineOchratoxin AChromatographybiologyDaily intakeOrganic Chemistryfood and beveragesWineGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationOchratoxinsSensitivity and SpecificityBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyValencian communityAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundSpectrometry FluorescencechemistrySpainPenicilliumMycotoxinOchratoxinChromatography LiquidJournal of Chromatography A
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Reconstruction of hyperspectral cutaneous data from an artificial neural network-based multispectral imaging system.

2011

International audience; The development of an integrated MultiSpectral Imaging (MSI) system yielding hyperspectral cubes by means of artificial neural networks is described. The MSI system is based on a CCD camera, a rotating wheel bearing a set of seven interference filters, a light source and a computer. The resulting device has been elaborated for in vivo imaging of skin lesions. It provides multispectral images and is coupled with a software reconstructing hyperspectral cubes from multispectral images. Reconstruction is performed by a neural network-based algorithm using heteroassociative memories. The resulting hyperspectral cube provides skin optical reflectance spectral data combined…

[ INFO.INFO-TS ] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing[INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingComputer scienceMultispectral imageHealth InformaticsDermoscopy[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing01 natural sciencesSensitivity and SpecificitySkin DiseasesMultispectral pattern recognition010309 opticsImaging systemSoftware[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingInterference (communication)0103 physical sciencesImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedSkin cancerHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer visionSpatial analysis[SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingSpectral reflectanceRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyArtificial neural networkbusiness.industryMultispectral images010401 analytical chemistryHyperspectral imagingReproducibility of ResultsEquipment DesignComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design0104 chemical sciencesEquipment Failure AnalysisHyperspectral cube reconstructionColorimetryComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligenceNeural Networks Computerbusiness[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingPreclinical imagingNeural networksFiltrationComputerized medical imaging and graphics : the official journal of the Computerized Medical Imaging Society
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Dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide-ring resonators

2009

International audience; Using near-field microscopy, the performance of dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide-ring resonators (WRRs) operating at telecom wavelengths is investigated for various waveguide-ring separations. It is demonstrated that compact ( footprint similar to 150 mu m(2)) and efficient ( extinction ratio similar to 13 dB) WRR-based filters can be realized using UV-lithography. The WRR wavelength responses measured and calculated using the effective-index method are found in good agreement. (c) 2009 Optical Society of America

[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Materials science[SPI.OPTI] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicPolymers[SPI.NANO] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsTransducersPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologyDielectricSensitivity and Specificity01 natural sciences010309 opticsResonatorOptics0103 physical sciencesPOLARITON WAVES[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsTotal internal reflection[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Extinction ratiobusiness.industryPhotonic integrated circuitSurface plasmonCOMPONENTSOptical DevicesReproducibility of ResultsEquipment DesignSurface Plasmon Resonance021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyWAVELENGTHSAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsEquipment Failure AnalysisWavelength[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicComputer-Aided DesignOptoelectronics[ SPI.NANO ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsNear-field scanning optical microscope[ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Demonstration of a reef knot microfiber resonator.

2009

We propose a new way to realize a microfiber optical resonator by implementing the topology of a reef knot using two microfibers. We describe how this structure, which includes 4 ports and can serve as an add-drop filter, can be fabricated. Resonances in an all-silica reef knot are measured and good fits are obtained from a simple resonator model. We also show the feasibility of assembling a hybrid silica-chalcogenide reef knot structure.

[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.product_categoryOptical fiberOptical TweezersTransducersPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesSensitivity and Specificitylaw.invention010309 opticsResonator020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticsKnot (unit)lawOscillometry0103 physical sciencesMicrofiber0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringQuantitative Biology::Populations and EvolutionFiber Optic TechnologyFiber bundleReefComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysicsgeography[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]geography.geographical_feature_category[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Miniaturizationbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsEquipment DesignSilicon DioxideMathematics::Geometric TopologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsEquipment Failure AnalysisOptical cavityChalcogensComputer-Aided DesignFeasibility StudiesbusinessOptics express
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Failure to differentiate Cryptosporidium parvum from C. meleagridis based on PCR amplification of eight DNA sequences.

1998

ABSTRACT In order to determine the specificities of PCR-based assays used for detecting Cryptosporidium parvum DNA, eight pairs of previously described PCR primers targeting six distinct regions of the Cryptosporidium genome were evaluated for the detection of C. parvum , the agent of human cryptosporidiosis, and C. muris , C. baileyi , and C. meleagridis , three Cryptosporidium species that infect birds or mammals but are not considered to be human pathogens. The four Cryptosporidium species were divided into two groups: C. parvum and C. meleagridis , which gave the same-sized fragments with all the reactions, and C. muris and C. baileyi , which gave positive results with primer pairs targ…

animal diseases030231 tropical medicineGenes ProtozoanCryptosporidiumApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyGenomePolymerase Chain ReactionSensitivity and SpecificityDNA sequencing18S ribosomal RNAMicrobiologylaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSpecies Specificitylawparasitic diseasesTECHNIQUE PCRAnimalsHumansGenePolymerase chain reactionComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSDNA Primers[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environmentCryptosporidium parvum0303 health sciencesEcologybiologyBase Sequence030306 microbiologyCryptosporidiumDNA Protozoanbiology.organism_classificationVirologyBacterial Typing Techniques[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environmentCryptosporidium parvumEnvironmental and Public Health MicrobiologyPrimer (molecular biology)Water MicrobiologyFood ScienceBiotechnologyApplied and environmental microbiology
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Accuracy of Transient Elastography in Assessing Fibrosis at Diagnosis in Naïve Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Dual Cut-Off Approach

2021

Background & aims Liver fibrosis holds a relevant prognostic meaning in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Non-invasive fibrosis evaluation using vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) is routinely performed. However, there is limited evidence on its accuracy at diagnosis in PBC. We aimed to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of VCTE in assessing advanced fibrosis at disease presentation in PBC. Approach & results We collected data from 167 consecutive treatment-naive PBC patients who underwent liver biopsy(LB) at diagnosis at six Italian centers. VCTE examinations were completed within 12 weeks of LB. Biopsies were scored by two blinded expert pathologists, according to Ludwig sy…

area under curve0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyliver cirrhosisDiagnostic accuracyrisk stratificationPBCGastroenterologyprimary biliary cholangitiarea under curve; elasticity imaging techniques; female; humans; liver cirrhosis; biliary; male; middle aged; ROC curve; sensitivity and specificityTherapy naive03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemaleFibrosisInternal medicinemiddle agedmedicinehumansHepatologyReceiver operating characteristicmedicine.diagnostic_testLiver Cirrhosis Biliarybusiness.industryOriginal Articlesmedicine.diseasetransient elastographyROC curveelasticity imaging techniquesAutoimmune Cholestatic and Biliary Diseasefemale030104 developmental biologysensitivity and specificityLiver biopsyCohortOriginal Article030211 gastroenterology & hepatologydiagnostic accuracyCut-offTransient elastographybusinessfibrosibiliary
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Three-dimensional object detection under arbitrary lighting conditions

2006

A novel method of 3D object recognition independent of lighting conditions is presented. The recognition model is based on a vector space representation using an orthonormal basis generated by the Lambertian reflectance functions obtained with distant light sources. Changing the lighting conditions corresponds to multiplying the elementary images by a constant factor and because of that, all possible lighting views will be elements that belong to that vector space. The recognition method proposed is based on the calculation of the angle between the vector associated with a certain illuminated 3D object and that subspace. We define the angle in terms of linear correlations to get shift and i…

business.industryComputer scienceMaterials Science (miscellaneous)3D single-object recognitionCognitive neuroscience of visual object recognitionInformation Storage and RetrievalReproducibility of ResultsImage EnhancementSensitivity and SpecificityFacial recognition systemIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringObject detectionPattern Recognition AutomatedLambertian reflectanceImaging Three-DimensionalOpticsArtificial IntelligenceImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedOrthonormal basisBusiness and International ManagementbusinessAlgorithmsLightingSubspace topologyApplied Optics
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Fast algorithm for detection of reference spheres in digital panoramic radiography.

2009

In this paper, an algorithm for detection of reference spheres from digital panoramic radiographic images is presented. The proposed algorithm was tested on a database of 107 digital panoramic radiographic images which were used for dental diagnostics. Results show that the proposed method exhibits for detection of reference spheres, a sensitivity of 97.33% and specificity of 93.85%. Performance time differed between 0.55 and 2.36s depending on image size. The aim of this work was to provide a fast ellipse detection algorithm to reduce measuring time on preoperative implant planning by lowering the computational cost.

business.industryComputer scienceRadiographyHealth InformaticsRadiography Dental DigitalEllipseFast algorithmSensitivity and SpecificityComputer Science ApplicationsDental ImplantationSurgery Computer-AssistedPattern recognition (psychology)HumansComputer visionSPHERESArtificial intelligenceSensitivity (control systems)Diagnosis Computer-AssistedbusinessImage resolutionAlgorithmsSoftwareComputers in biology and medicine
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