Search results for "Sensory System"
showing 10 items of 1266 documents
Incidence of savant syndrome in Finland
2000
The general incidence of Savant Syndrome was assessed in Finland. First, a survey was made of all 583 facilities which served people with mental retardation. Second, letters asking for information regarding people with Savant Syndrome were published in two key Finnish journals of the field. We received reports of 45 cases of Savant Syndrome. This makes an incidence rate of 1.4 per 1,000 people with mental retardation. The most common form of exceptional skills was calendar calculation, followed by feats of memory.
Combined EEG and MEG analysis of early somatosensory evoked activity in children and adolescents with focal epilepsies
2006
Abstract Objective The study aimed to evaluate differences between EEG and MEG analysis of early somatosensory evoked activity in patients with focal epilepsies in localizing eloquent areas of the somatosensory cortex. Methods Twenty-five patients (12 male, 13 female; age 4–25 years, mean 11.7 years) were included. Syndromes were classified as symptomatic in 17, idiopathic in 2 and cryptogenic in 6 cases. 10 patients presented with malformations of cortical development (MCD). 122 channel MEG and simultaneous 33-channel EEG were recorded during tactile stimulation of the thumb (sampling rate 769 Hz, band-pass 0.3–260 Hz). Forty-four hemispheres were analyzed. Hemispheres were classified as t…
Sensory profiles and immune-related expression patterns of patients with and without neuropathic pain after peripheral nerve lesion
2019
In this multicenter cross-sectional study, we determined sensory profiles of patients with (NL-1) and without neuropathic pain (NL-0) after nerve lesion and assessed immune-related systemic gene expression. Patients and matched healthy controls filled in questionnaires and underwent neurological examination, neurophysiological studies, quantitative sensory testing, and blood withdrawal. Neuropathic pain was present in 67/95 (71%) patients (NL-1). Tactile hyperalgesia was the most prominent clinical sign in NL-1 patients (P < 0.05). Questionnaires showed an association between neuropathic pain and the presence of depression, anxiety, and catastrophizing (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01). Neuropathic pa…
Management of chronic otitis by middle ear obliteration with blind sac closure of the external auditory canal.
2008
Objective: Description of a technique of middle ear obliteration (MEO) with blind sac closure of the external auditory canal with discussion of the indications for its use in cases of recalcitrant chronic otitis and in far advanced disease. Patients: All patients underwent otologic examination and audiologic and radiologic assessments in a quaternary center. Results: Fifty-three cases of MEO were analyzed. For 9 patients, primary surgery was performed. One case of residual disease was identified. The minimum follow-up was 2 years. Conclusion: The decision to perform a MEO is one that is made only rarely. However, this is a technique that should be part of every otologist`s armamentarium. Wh…
Effect of Corticosteroids on Facial Function after Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor Removal: A Double-Blind Study versus Placebo
2015
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of corticosteroids administered intra- and postoperatively on the occurrence of facial palsy after a cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor resection, and to investigate pre- and intraoperative prognostic factors. A multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blind and versus-placebo study was conducted between 2006 and 2010. Three hundred and ten patients operated on for a CPA tumor (96% vestibular schwannomas, 4% miscellaneous) were included by five participating centers. The population was stratified into patients with small (≤15 mm CPA on axial MRI views) and large tumors. In each group, patients were randomized to receive corticosteroid (1 mg…
Postural Control Mechanisms in Healthy Adults in Sitting and Standing Positions
2015
This study explored differences in the center of pressure in healthy people in a sitting and standing position and with eyes open and closed. With this purpose, 32 healthy participants (16 men, 16 women; M age = 25.2 yr., SD = 10.0, range = 18–55) were measured with an extensiometric force plate. Using a two–way repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), the root mean square, velocity, range, and sway, in both visual conditions, had higher values in the standing task than in the sitting task. In the frequency domain, the low-frequency band had higher values during the standing task. For control mechanism variables, mean distance and time were greater when standing while …
Sensory strategies of postural sway during quiet stance in patients with haemophilic arthropathy.
2017
Introduction: The sensory strategies of postural control in adult haemophilic arthropathy patients are still poorly understood. Aim: To determine sensorial posture-control strategies through postural sway frequency analysis when in a bipedal quiet stance with and without visual stimulus deprivation in healthy subjects and patients with haemophilic arthropathy. Secondarily, to determine the irregularity of postural balance control through sample entropy (SampEn). Methods: A triaxial accelerometer attached at the L3 level determined the displacement and acceleration of the centre of mass (DCoM and ACoM, respectively) under open-and closed-eyes conditions. Sensorial strategies were studied by …
Auditory Mismatch Negativity and Repetition Suppression Deficits in Schizophrenia Explained by Irregular Computation of Prediction Error
2015
Background The predictive coding model is rapidly gaining attention in schizophrenia research. It posits the neuronal computation of residual variance (‘prediction error’) between sensory information and top-down expectation through multiple hierarchical levels. Event-related potentials (ERP) reflect cortical processing stages that are increasingly interpreted in the light of the predictive coding hypothesis. Both mismatch negativity (MMN) and repetition suppression (RS) measures are considered a prediction error correlates based on error detection and error minimization, respectively. Methods Twenty-five schizophrenia patients and 25 healthy controls completed auditory tasks designed to el…
Dynamic posturography findings predict balance status in vestibular schwannoma patients.
2007
OBJECTIVE To test whether condition 5 score (C5S) and condition 6 score (C6S) of the sensory organization test of computerized dynamic platform posturography (CDPP) differ between vestibular schwannoma (VS) patients with and without vestibular symptoms. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective review of prospectively collected data. SETTING Tertiary academic referral center. PATIENTS Two hundred and sixteen consecutive patients with a histological diagnosis of a VS (103 women; 113 men; age range, 18-78 years; median, 54 years) who had been preoperatively evaluated by CDPP. A hundred and twelve patients had a history of vertigo, dizziness, and/or imbalance, and 104 patients had neither present nor past ve…
Measuring corneal clouding in patients suffering from mucopolysaccharidosis with the Pentacam densitometry programme
2013
Aim To identify a means to objectively measure corneal clouding in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis in a prospective controlled clinical trial. Methods Corneal haze was assessed by slit lamp examination and measured using the densitometry programme of the Pentacam, a rotating Scheimpflug camera in 33 mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) patients and 32 controls. Results Pentacam measurements were available in 31 right and 31 left eyes of 32 patients and in 32 left and right eyes of 32 subjects in the control group. Slit lamp findings correlated very well with corneal density measurements (Spearman correlation right eye (OD)/left eye (OS)=0.782/0.791). MPS patients had higher density units (median…