Search results for "Sensory system"
showing 10 items of 1266 documents
Impact of training on beer flavor perception and description: Are trained and untrained subjects really different?
2001
This study examines the effect of beer assessment training on verbal and nonverbal performance. Two groups of subjects are asked to sort, match, and describe a set of 12 beers (6 supplemented and 6 commercial beers). Subjects from the first group are enrolled in a beer-training program. Subjects in the second group are untrained beer consumers. Results show that although both groups perform the matching task equally well, trained subjects performed better on supplemented beers and untrained subjects on commercial beers. Examination of the generated vocabulary shows that 44% of the terms are common to trained and untrained subjects. However, an analysis of the terms' efficiency shows that wh…
V11. Functional hierarchy within an overall network for visual motion processing and ocular-motor control at rest
2015
Introduction Visual motion processing on one hand and ocular motor functions on the other are rarely studied together in vivo in humans. The interrelation of these functional networks is rather unclear, even though their functional dependence seems obvious. In several fMRI studies the essential nodes of both networks could be localized using voluntary optokinetic ('look') nystagmus (OKN) in the horizontal plane incorporating visual motion tracking (Dieterich et al., 2009). Here, functional connectivity (FC) between these nodes representing both networks was studies using resting-state FC. Methods Resting-state fMRI data of 200 healthy adults (age 44.1±17.9; 79 male) were included in the cro…
EP 34. Functional hierarchy within the neural network for optokinetic ‘look’ nystagmus
2016
Item does not contain fulltext Key nodes of neural networks for ocular motor control and visual motion processing have been localized using saccades, smooth pursuit, and optokinetic nystagmus (OKN). Within the context of an independent fMRI study using OKN, 9 bilateral network nodes were localized comprising cortical eye fields in frontal (FEF), supplementary motor (SEF), cingulate (CEF) and parietal cortex (PEF), visual motion centers MT+ and V6, the superior colliculus (SC), the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and the globus pallidus (GP). Here, we examined the network's functional hierarchy as present in the structural co-variation (SCoV) and resting-state (RS) fMRI, and the effect of R…
Dorsal Column Nuclei Neural Signal Features Permit Robust Machine-Learning of Natural Tactile- and Proprioception-Dominated Stimuli
2020
Neural prostheses enable users to effect movement through a variety of actuators by translating brain signals into movement control signals. However, to achieve more natural limb movements from these devices, the restoration of somatosensory feedback is required. We used feature-learnability, a machine-learning approach, to assess signal features for their capacity to enhance decoding performance of neural signals evoked by natural tactile and proprioceptive somatosensory stimuli, recorded from the surface of the dorsal column nuclei (DCN) in urethane-anesthetized rats. The highest performing individual feature, spike amplitude, classified somatosensory DCN signals with 70% accuracy. The hi…
Synchronizing eye tracking and optical motion capture : How to bring them together
2018
Both eye tracking and motion capture technologies are nowadays frequently used in human sciences, although both technologies are usually used separately. However, measuring both eye and body movements simultaneously would offer great potential for investigating cross- modal interaction in human (e.g. music and language-related) behavior. Here we combined an Ergoneers Dikablis head mounted eye tracker with a Qualisys Oqus optical motion cap- ture system. In order to synchronize the recordings of both devices, we developed a gener- alizable solution that does not rely on any (cost-intensive) ready-made / company-provided synchronization solution. At the beginning of each recording, the partic…
Lists of Spanish sentences with equivalent predictability, phonetic content, length, and frequency of the last word.
2010
This paper presents a pool of Spanish sentences designed for use in cognitive research and speech processing in circumstances in which the effects of context are relevant. These lists of sentences are divided into six lists of 25 equivalent high-predictability sentences and six lists of 25 low-predictability sentences according to the extent to which the last word can be predicted by the preceding context. These lists were also equivalent in phonetic content, length and frequency of the last word. These lists are intended for use in psycholinguistic research with Spanish-speaking listeners.
Temporal Binding in Multisensory and Motor-Sensory Contexts: Toward a Unified Model
2021
Our senses receive a manifold of sensory signals at any given moment in our daily lives. For a coherent and unified representation of information and precise motor control, our brain needs to temporally bind the signals emanating from a common causal event and segregate others. Traditionally, different mechanisms were proposed for the temporal binding phenomenon in multisensory and motor-sensory contexts. This paper reviews the literature on the temporal binding phenomenon in both multisensory and motor-sensory contexts and suggests future research directions for advancing the field. Moreover, by critically evaluating the recent literature, this paper suggests that common computational prin…
Tactile input of the hand and the control of reaching to grasp movements
1997
The role of tactile information of the hand in the control of reaching to grasp movements was investigated. The kinematics of both reaching (or transport) and grasp components were studied in healthy subjects in two experimental conditions. In one condition (control condition) subjects were required to reach and grasp an object that could have two sizes and that could be located at two distances from the viewer. In the other condition (anaesthesia condition) the same movements were executed, but anaesthesia was provided to the subjects' fingertips. In both conditions vision of the hand was prevented during movement. Anaesthesia affected mainly the kinematics of the first phase of grasping, …
Different mechanisms underlie implicit visual statistical learning in honey bees and humans
2020
International audience; The ability of developing complex internal representations of the environment is considered a crucial antecedent to the emergence of humans’ higher cognitive functions. Yet it is an open question whether there is any fundamental difference in how humans and other good visual learner species naturally encode aspects of novel visual scenes. Using the same modified visual statistical learning paradigm and multielement stimuli, we investigated how human adults and honey bees ( Apis mellifera ) encode spontaneously, without dedicated training, various statistical properties of novel visual scenes. We found that, similarly to humans, honey bees automatically develop a comp…
EFFECT OF ASSESSORS EXPERTISE LEVEL ON EFFICIENCY OF WARM-UP FOR TRIANGLE TESTS
2000
The effect of warm-up on performance for repeated triangle tests is studied according to assessors' expertise level for both triangle test strategy and the pair of products to compare. Three experiments performed with orange flavored soft drinks show that the effect of warm-up depends on the assessors' expertise: (1) naive assessors do not increase their performance with warm-up; (2) assessors with a moderate practice of both triangle tests and the pair of products improve their performance with warm-up; (3) assessors with a moderate practice of triangle tests, but not familiar with the pair of products, improve their performance with warm-up too; and (4) assessors highly experienced for bo…