Search results for "Sensory system"

Analysis of the antibody repertoire in tears of dry-eye patients.

2001

<i>Purpose:</i> It has recently been suggested that dry-eye disease has an underlying autoimmune mechanism. This hypothesis is further supported by the successful treatment of the disease with immunomodulatory drugs such as cyclosporin A. Although it is known that tears contain antibodies, very little is known about the antibody repertoires in tears. It was the aim of this study to analyze the IgA antibody repertoire against ocular antigens in the tears of patients suffering from dry-eye disease and compare it to those of healthy volunteers. <i>Methods:</i> Two groups were examined: 20 healthy volunteers (controls) and 28 patients suffering from dry-eye disease. The …

On Fatigue And/Or Motivation

1958

Modelling the insect Mushroom Bodies: Application to sequence learning

2015

Learning and reproducing temporal sequences is a fundamental ability used by living beings to adapt behaviour repertoire to environmental constraints. This paper is focused on the description of a model based on spiking neurons, able to learn and autonomously generate a sequence of events. The neural architecture is inspired by the insect Mushroom Bodies (MBs) that are a crucial centre for multimodal sensory integration and behaviour modulation. The sequence learning capability coexists, within the insect brain computational model, with all the other features already addressed like attention, expectation, learning classification and others. This is a clear example that a unique neural struc…

Functional characterization of two human olfactory receptors expressed in the baculovirus Sf9 insect cell system

2005

Olfactory receptors (ORs) are the largest member of the G-protein-coupled receptors which mediate early olfactory perception in discriminating among thousands of odorant molecules. Assigning odorous ligands to ORs is a prerequisite to gaining an understanding of the mechanisms of odorant recognition. The functional expression of ORs represents a critical step in addressing this issue. Due to limitations in heterologous expression, very few mammal ORs have been characterized, and so far only one is from human origin. Consequently, OR function still remains poorly understood, especially in humans, whose genome encodes a restricted chemosensory repertoire compared with most mammal species. In …

Intraocular pressure measurements during flap preparation using 2 femtosecond lasers and 1 microkeratome in human donor eyes

2012

Purpose To evaluate and compare intraocular pressures (IOPs) during flap preparations performed using 2 femtosecond lasers and a mechanical microkeratome in human donor globes. Setting University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, and Euroeyes Clinic Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany. Design Experimental study. Methods A cannula was inserted through the optic nerve in human globes. The IOP was obtained continuously during flap preparation using the 60 kHz Intralase femtosecond laser, the 200 kHz Visumax femtosecond laser, or the Amadeus II microkeratome. For each experiment, a normal lamellar flap preparation (regular procedure) and a worst-case procedure (femtosecond laser interface was pressed agai…

Safety and performance of a suprachoroidal sensor for telemetric measurement of intraocular pressure in the EYEMATE-SC trial

2023

AimTo investigate the safety and performance of a telemetric suprachoroidal intraocular pressure (IOP) sensor (EYEMATE-SC) and the accuracy of its IOP measurements in open angle glaucoma (OAG) patients undergoing simultaneous non-penetrating glaucoma surgery (NPGS).MethodsProspective, multicentre, open-label, single-arm, interventional clinical trial. Twenty-four eyes of 24 patients with OAG regularly scheduled for NPGS (canaloplasty or deep sclerectomy) were simultaneously implanted with an EYEMATE-SC sensor. Six-month follow-up on the sensor’s safety and performance as well as on the level of agreement between the EYEMATE-SC measurements and IOP measurements with Goldmann applanation tono…

Trabeculotomy in congenital glaucoma.

2000

Background: Congenital glaucoma is a potentially blinding disease that requires surgical therapy. This paper describes the outcome of trabeculotomy in primary congenital glaucoma. Methods: Thirty-nine eyes of 22 children with congenital glaucoma who underwent trabeculotomy with or without a simultaneous trabeculectomy between 1992 and 1997 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Mean follow-up was 24.7±17.9 months. A mean of 1.3 operations per eye were performed. The mean IOP at the end of follow-up (n=39) was 17.7±6.0 mmHg; in 8 eyes (20.5%) the IOP was >21 mmHg, in 31 eyes (79.5%) it was ≤21 mmHg. The mean difference between pretreatment IOP and IOP at the end of follow-up (n=39) was –10.…

PERSEUS-IT 24-month analysis: a prospective observational study to assess the effectiveness of intravitreal aflibercept in routine clinical practice …

2022

Abstract Purpose PERSEUS-IT (NCT02289924) was a prospective, observational, 2-year study evaluating the effectiveness and treatment patterns of intravitreal aflibercept (IVT-AFL) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in routine clinical practice in Italy. Methods Treatment-naïve patients with nAMD receiving IVT-AFL per routine clinical practice were enrolled. The primary endpoint was mean change in visual acuity (VA; decimals) from baseline to month (M) 12 and M24. Outcomes were evaluated for the overall study population and independently for the 2 treatment cohorts: regular (3 initial monthly doses, ≥ 7 injections by M12, and ≥ 4 injections between M12 and M2…

Visually produced locomotion in an autokinetic setup.

1987

On individual ttials, 15 subjects stood G m before a minicomputer screen displaying a colon in a completely darkened room Subjects were aware that the light source wzs stationary. They were instructed to fixate the colon and to perform nonlocomotive jogging in place for 2 min. and continuously to report their sensations. Room lights were turned on after 30 sec., and subjects' deviations from their starting places were measured. All subjects had moved toward the light source (M = 4.42 m, SD = .43) although they were convinced that they had not moved. Instead, they had reported either the light source approached them or the light source became larger and/or more intense. On a second trial, su…

Posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses after penetrating keratoplasty.

2009

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy, predictability, and safety of a phakic posterior chamber intraocular Collamer lens (ICL) after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP). Setting Fernandez-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain. Methods A myopic or toric ICL was implanted after PKP in eyes unable to wear glasses or contact lenses and for which corneal laser surgery was contraindicated. The uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refractive error, and endothelial cell count were recorded preoperatively and 24 months postoperatively. Results Preoperatively, the 15 eyes had myopia from −2.00 to −17.00 diopters (D) or astigmatism from −1.50 to −7.00 D. …