Search results for "Sex factors"
showing 10 items of 881 documents
Anthropometric and pharmacotherapeutic variables on acute emesis induced by cisplatin-containing chemotherapy.
2000
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the effects of anthropometric and pharmacotherapeutic variables on acute emesis induced by cisplatin-containing regimens with dosages ·50 mg·m−2. METHODS: A prospective, cross-sectional, noncontrolled study was performed to analyze acute vomiting during the first 24 hours in patients treated in a Spanish hospital. The patients received an intravenous combination of drugs (2 doses of metoclopramide 3 mg/kg, dexamethasone 20 mg) as first-choice antiemetic therapy. Intravenous ondansetron 8 mg and dexamethasone 20 mg served as an alternative regimen in patients <30 years old with a history of extrapyramidal manifestations or emesis in previous cycles. Therapeutic …
Sex Differences in Frail Older Adults with Foot Pain in a Spanish Population: An Observational Study
2020
Frailty is a condition that can increase the risk of falls. In addition, foot pain can influence older adults and affect their frail condition. The main objective was to measure the frailty degree in older adults in a Spanish population with foot pain from moderate to severe. Method: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. A sample of people older than 60 years (n = 52), including 26 males and 26 females, were recruited, and frailty disability was measured using the 5-Frailty scale and the Edmonton Frailty scale (EFS). Results: Spearman&rsquo
Effects of pneumatic dilation and myotomy on esophageal function and morphology in patients with achalasia.
2005
Only two treatment modalities–pneumatic dilation and Heller myotomy–promise long-term relief from dysphagia and regurgitation in patients with achalasia. The objective of this study was to determine whether both options differ in their effects on esophageal function, morphology, and improvement in symptoms. Eighty-nine patients diagnosed with achalasia between January 1980 and December 2002 at a single center were enrolled in this study. Sixty-four patients underwent pneumatic dilation and 25 Heller myotomy in combination with an anterior semifundoplication (Dor procedure). Clinical evaluation (Eckardt-Score), esophageal manometry, and barium swallow were performed before and within 6 mont…
Gender differences in axis I and axis II comorbidity in patients with borderline personality disorder.
2008
<i>Background/Aims:</i> Differences in the clinical presentation of men and women with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are of potential interest for investigations into the neurobiology, genetics, natural history, and treatment response of BPD. The purpose of this study was to investigate gender differences in axis I and axis II comorbidity and in diagnostic criteria in BPD patients. <i>Methods:</i> 110 women and 49 men with BPD were assessed with the computer-based version of the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders. Gender differences were investigated for the following outc…
Multicenter investigation of 1,036 subjects using a standardized method for the assessment of olfactory function combining tests of odor identificati…
2000
“Sniffin’ Sticks” is a test of nasal chemosensory performance that is based on penlike odor-dispensing devices. It is comprised of three tests of olfactory function: tests for odor threshold, discrimination and identification. Previous work has already established its test-retest reliability and validity in comparison to established measures of olfactory sensitivity. The results of this test are presented as a composite TDI score – i.e., the sum of results obtained for threshold, discrimination and identification measures. The present multicenter investigation aimed at providing normative values in relation to different age groups. To this end, 966 patients were investigated in 11 centers. …
The prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infections in oral squamous cell carcinomas: a retrospective analysis of 88 patients and literature ove…
2014
In addition to tobacco and alcohol consumption, the two main risk factors for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), recent studies have revealed infections with human papilloma virus (HPV) as an additional risk factor for OSCC development. In the field of head and neck malignancies, the prevalence of HPV infections in oropharyngeal cancer (OC) ranges in different studies up to 84%. While HPV infection is discussed as an independent risk factor in this region, its distinguished role in carcinogenesis of tumours localized to the oral cavity remains still uncertain. In this study, we analysed the HPV status in 88 consecutive patients with OSCCs localized anterior of the palatoglossal arch who w…
Nomograms for predicting local recurrence, distant metastases, and overall survival for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer on the basis of …
2011
Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop accurate models and nomograms to predict local recurrence, distant metastases, and survival for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with long-course chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by surgery and to allow for a selection of patients who may benefit most from postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and close follow-up. Patients and Methods All data (N = 2,795) from five major European clinical trials for rectal cancer were pooled and used to perform an extensive survival analysis and to develop multivariate nomograms based on Cox regression. Data from one trial was used as an external validation set. The variables used in the ana…
Expression of cell cycle markers and human papillomavirus infection in oral squamous cell carcinoma: use of fuzzy neural networks.
2005
Our aim was to evaluate in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) the relationship between some cell cycle markers and HPV infection, conditionally to age, gender and certain habits of patients, and to assess the ability of fuzzy neural networks (FNNs) in building up an adequate predictive model based on logic inference rules. Eighteen cases of OSCC were examined by immunohistochemistry for MIB-1, PCNA and survivin expression; presence of HPV DNA was investigated in exfoliated oral mucosa cells by nested PCR (nPCR, MY09-MY11/GP5-GP6), and HPV genotype was determined by direct DNA sequencing. Data were analyzed by traditional statistics (TS) and FNNs. HPV DNA was found in 9/18 OSCCs (50.0 %) wi…
c-erbB-2 expression in small-cell lung cancer is associated with poor prognosis.
2001
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) carries a bad prognosis despite good initial response to chemotherapy. It is therefore important to identify molecular markers that influence survival as potential new therapeutic targets. In our study, expression of the tyrosine kinase c-erbB-2 (HER2/neu) receptor in tumor tissues of 107 consecutive newly diagnosed patients with primary SCLC was quantified using a monoclonal antibody directed against the c-terminal domain of c-erbB-2. A clear-cut positive expression of c-erbB-2 was observed in 13% of patients. Surprisingly, c-erbB-2 was an independent prognostic factor (RR = 2.16; p = 0.014) when a proportional-hazard model was adjusted to stage (limited vs. e…
Occupational exposure to endocrine disruptors and lymphoma risk in a multi-centric European study
2015
Background: Incidence rates of lymphoma are usually higher in men than in women, and oestrogens may protect against lymphoma. Methods: We evaluated occupational exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) among 2457 controls and 2178 incident lymphoma cases and subtypes from the European Epilymph study. Results: Over 30 years of exposure to EDCs compared to no exposure was associated with a 24% increased risk of mature B-cell neoplasms (P-trend=0.02). Associations were observed among men, but not women. Conclusions: Prolonged occupational exposure to endocrine disruptors seems to be moderately associated with some lymphoma subtypes. © 2015 Cancer Research UK. All rights reserved.