Search results for "Shield"

showing 10 items of 177 documents

Precambrian crustal evolution and continental drift

1981

One of the major questions of Precambrian research is whether present-day plate tectonic models can be applied to the evolution of the ancient continental crust or whether the tectonic style suggests a unidirectional and therefore non-uniformitarian development in response to gradual changes in the global thermal regime through time.

Continental driftPrecambrianPlate tectonicsTectonicsSubductionEarth scienceContinental crustShieldGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesStructural geologyGeologyGeologische Rundschau
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SU-FF-T-365: Practical Reconstruction Method for 3D CT-Based Brachytherapy with Shielded Colpostats

2006

Introduction and purpose.‐ The most extended worldwide HDR and PDR afterloading machines are from Nucletron, using the Plato Treatment Planning System (TPS) to perform the clinical dosimetry. The Fletcher‐Williamson (FW) vaginal colpostat applicators are widely used with these machines, they are made of a very dense material (densimet‐17) which allows shielding up to 50% of the dose. Almost all the TPS have incorporated the CT‐Based Brachytherapy (BT), in which the CT catheters and applicators reconstruction is based on contiguous CT transverse slices where the user points the catheter position. The problem with these applicators is the production of artefacts that makes the reconstruction …

Contouringmedicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyComputed tomographyGeneral MedicineReconstruction methodImaging phantomlaw.inventionCatheterlawBreast implantShielded cablemedicineDosimetryClinical dosimetryRadiation treatment planningNuclear medicinebusinessMedical Physics
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A strike-slip core complex from the Najd fault system, Arabian shield

2014

Metamorphic core complexes are usually thought to be associated with regional crustal extension and crustal thinning, where deep crustal material is exhumed along gently dipping normal shear zones oblique to the regional extension direction. We present a new mechanism whereby metamorphic core complexes can be exhumed along crustal-scale strike-slip fault systems that accommodated crustal shortening. The Qazaz metamorphic dome in Saudi Arabia was exhumed along a gently dipping jog in a crustal-scale vertical strike-slip fault zone that caused more than 25 km of exhumation of lower crustal rocks by 30 km of lateral motion. Subsequently, the complex was transected by a branch of the strike-sli…

Core (optical fiber)geographyDome (geology)geography.geographical_feature_categoryMetamorphic core complexShieldMetamorphic rockGeologyShear zoneFault (geology)Strike-slip tectonicsGeologySeismologyTerra Nova
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Convergence of nuclear magnetic shieldings and one‐bond 1J(11 B 1H) indirect spin–spin coupling constants in small boron molecules

2018

Self‐consistent field Hartree–Fock (SCF‐HF), density functional theory (B3LYP, KT1, KT2, and KT3), and coupled‐cluster calculations of the nuclear magnetic shielding constants of BH and BH3 molecules have been conducted to characterize the convergence of individual results obtained with correlation‐ and polarization‐consistent basis sets. The individual 11B and 1H NMR parameters were estimated in the complete basis set limit and compared with benchmark literature results. The SCF‐HF and density functional theory B3LYP predicted boron shieldings and shielding anisotropies of BH significantly differed from the results obtained by coupled‐cluster with single, double, and perturbative treatment…

Coupling constantBH3010304 chemical physicsField (physics)ChemistryKT3General ChemistryBH010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMolecular physics0104 chemical sciencesCBSGIAO NMR0103 physical sciencesElectromagnetic shieldingProton NMRMoleculeGeneral Materials ScienceDensity functional theorySpin (physics)Basis setMagnetic Resonance in Chemistry
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Prediction of water's isotropic nuclear shieldings and indirect nuclear spin–spin coupling constants (SSCCs) using correlation‐consistent and polariz…

2009

Density functional theory (DFT) was used to estimate water's isotropic nuclear shieldings and indirect nuclear spin-spin coupling constants (SSCCs) in the Kohn-Sham (KS) complete basis set (CBS) limit. Correlation-consistent cc-pVxZ and cc-pCVxZ (x = D, T, Q, 5, and 6), and their modified versions (ccJ-pVxZ, unc-ccJ-pVxZ, and aug-cc-pVTZ-J) and polarization-consistent pc-n and pcJ-n (n = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4) basis sets were used, and the results fitted with a simple mathematical formula. The performance of over 20 studied density functionals was assessed from comparison with the experiment. The agreement between the CBS DFT-predicted isotropic shieldings, spin-spin values, and the experimenta…

Coupling constantSOPPA(CCSD)Condensed matter physicsChemistryIsotropywaterKohn–Sham equationsPropagatorspin–spin coupling constantsGeneral ChemistryPolarization (waves)DFT‐NMRnuclear isotropic shieldingsSSCCSOPPAGeneral Materials ScienceDensity functional theoryAtomic physicscomplete basis set limitSpin (physics)Basis setMagnetic Resonance in Chemistry
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Fatigue crack growth through particulate clusters in polycarbonate material

2011

The interaction of a crack with a perfectly bonded inclusion or a cluster of inclusions in polycarbonate matrix was investigated through both numerical simulations and fatigue tests. Stress intensity factors (K(I)) were evaluated by boundary element method for several particle sizes, position and finally for inclusion cluster as a precursor study for the experiments. The numerical simulation has shown the crack tendency to circumvent the inclusions with consequential reduction of the growth rate. Fatigue crack growth tests were carried out on several particle-filled specimens at constant value of the applied stress intensity factor range (Delta K(Iapp)) highlighting the crack delay due to t…

Crack growthMaterials sciencebusiness.industryCrack-inclusion interactionMechanical EngineeringEffective stressParticulate compositeSettore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria IndustrialeStructural engineeringParis' lawCrack growth resistance curveCrack closureMechanics of Materialsmental disordersBoundary element methodShielding effectGeneral Materials ScienceGrowth rateComposite materialFatigue crack growth propagationbusinessStress intensity factorStress concentrationEngineering Fracture Mechanics
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Zircon ages of late Palaeoproterozoic (ca. 1.72–1.70Ga) extension-related granitoids in NE Rajasthan, India: Regional and tectonic significance

2011

Abstract The Khetri region forms a late Palaeoproterozoic igneous–metamorphic complex in NE Rajasthan, India. Seven granitoid plutons of the Khetri complex have been studied for zircon U–Pb and Pb–Pb dating along with whole-rock and Nd–Sr isotope geochemistry to provide new constraints on the Palaeoproterozoic magmatic activity in the Aravalli orogen of northwestern India. Most intrusives show evidence of moderate to extreme albitisation forming microcline–albite granite and albite granite, respectively. The rocks are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous, largely ferroan and intraplate A-type granites. The U–Pb zircon ages for four plutons cover a time span of 1732–1682 Ma, whereas Pb–Pb zir…

Cratongeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryRiftIsotope geochemistryPlutonGeochemistryGeologyIndian ShieldSupercontinentGeologyPetrogenesisZirconGondwana Research
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Baseline design of the thermal blocking filters for the X-IFU detector on board ATHENA

2014

ATHENA is an advanced X-ray observatory designed by a large European consortium to address the science theme "Hot and Energetic Universe" recently selected by ESA for L2 – the second Large-class mission within the Cosmic Vision science program (launch scheduled in 2028). One of the key instruments of the mission is the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU), an array of Transition Edge Sensor (TES) micro-calorimeters with high energy resolution (2.5 eV @ 6 keV) in the energy range 0.2÷12 keV, operating at the focal plane of a large effective area high angular resolution (5" HEW) grazing incidence X-ray telescope. The X-IFU operates at temperatures below 100 mK and thus requires a sophisticated c…

CryostatCosmic VisionVisionShieldsX-ray telescopeGrazing incidencelaw.inventionTelescopeOpticsSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicalawX-raysElectronicmicro-calorimeterOptical and Magnetic MaterialsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringX-ray telescopesPhysicsX-IFUSpatial resolutionSounding rocketEquipment and servicesbusiness.industrySensorsApplied MathematicsDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsOptical Blocking FiltersComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionDetector arraysCondensed Matter PhysicsATHENAmissionsCultural heritageTransition edge sensorbusinessATHENA; micro-calorimeter; missions; Optical Blocking Filters; X-IFU; X-rays; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringTelescopes
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Radio frequency shielding of thin aluminized plastic filters investigated for the ATHENA X-IFU detector

2018

Copyright 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited. The X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) is one of the two detectors of the ATHENA astrophysics space mission approved by ESA in the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 Science Programme. The X-IFU consists of a large array of transition edge sensors (TES) micro-calorimeters covering a field of view of 5' diameter, sensitive in the energy range 0.2-12 keV, and providing a spectral resolution…

CryostatMaterials sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsX-ray detectorRF attenuationField of viewCondensed Matter Physic02 engineering and technologyreverberation chamber7. Clean energyElectromagnetic interferenceSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaOpticsX-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU)thermal thin-film filter0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectrical and Electronic Engineeringbusiness.industryElectronic Optical and Magnetic Material020502 materialsDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsx-ray detectorComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition020206 networking & telecommunicationsresonance modeApplied MathematicATHENA X-ray observatoryEMI shielding0205 materials engineeringElectromagnetic shieldingRadio frequencyAntenna (radio)businessSpace Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray
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The focal plane assembly for the Athena X-ray Integral Field Unit instrument

2016

This paper summarizes a preliminary design concept for the focal plane assembly of the X-ray Integral Field Unit on the Athena spacecraft, an imaging microcalorimeter that will enable high spectral resolution imaging and point-source spectroscopy. The instrument's sensor array will be a ~ 3840-pixel transition edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeter array, with a frequency domain multiplexed SQUID readout system allowing this large-format sensor array to be operated within the thermal constraints of the instrument's cryogenic system. A second TES detector will be operated in close proximity to the sensor array to detect cosmic rays and secondary particles passing through the sensor array for off…

CryostatPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAperture01 natural sciencesfrequency division multiplexingfocal plane assemblySettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaOpticsSensor array0103 physical sciencesElectronicSQUID amplifierAthenaOptical and Magnetic MaterialsElectrical and Electronic Engineeringta216010306 general physicsta113010302 applied physicsPhysicsX-IFUta114ta213business.industryStray lightApplied Mathematicstransition edge sensorDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsX-ray microcalorimeterComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionCondensed Matter PhysicsCardinal pointElectromagnetic shieldingcryogenic anti-coincidence detectorX-ray microcalorimeter transition edge sensor cryogenic anti-coincidence detector SQUID amplifier frequency division multiplexing Athena X-IFU focal plane assemblyTransition edge sensorbusinessAthena; cryogenic anti-coincidence detector; focal plane assembly; frequency division multiplexing; SQUID amplifier; transition edge sensor; X-IFU; X-ray microcalorimeter; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSPIE Proceedings
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